scholarly journals Topological Organization Alterations of Whole-Brain Functional Networks in Patients with Childhood Absence Epilepsy: Associations with Treatment Effects

2021 ◽  
Vol 2021 ◽  
pp. 1-8
Author(s):  
Xueyu Wang ◽  
Peng Fang ◽  
Dongmei Jiao ◽  
Tian Hu ◽  
Qi Yang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Treatment Effects ◽  
Absence Epilepsy ◽  
Clustering Coefficient ◽  
Functional Networks ◽  
Childhood Absence Epilepsy ◽  
Characteristic Path Length ◽  
Whole Brain ◽  
Brain Functional Networks ◽  
Topological Organization

Purpose. The purpose of the current study is to detect changes of topological organization of whole-brain functional networks and their relationship with the clinical treatment effects of antiepileptic drugs (AEDs) for patients with childhood absence epilepsy (CAE) using resting-state functional MRI (RS-fMRI). Patients and Methods. RS-fMRI data from 30 CAE patients were collected and compared with findings from 30 age- and gender-matched healthy controls (HCs). The patients were treated with first-line AEDs for 46.03 months before undergoing a second RS-fMRI scan. Results. CAE children at baseline showed a reduced clustering coefficient (Cp) and local efficiency (El) than the HC group, implying the reduction of functional segregation. CAE children at baseline also showed smaller characteristic path length (Lp) and higher global efficiency (Eg) compared with the HC group, implying the impairment of functional segregation. However, those metrics showed no significant differences between CAE children at follow-up and the HC group which indicated a clear renormalization of topological organization after AED treatments. CAE at follow-up also showed significantly decreased connectivity between several network regions, with which the thalamus is mainly involved. Furthermore, the reduced connectivity change between the left superior parietal gyrus and the left thalamus is positively correlated with the symptom improvements after AED treatment. Conclusion. We highlighted the convergence and divergence of brain functional network dysfunctions in CAE patients and provided crucial insights into pathophysiological mechanisms and the AED effects.

scholarly journals Disrupted Topological Organization in Whole-Brain Functional Networks of Heroin-Dependent Individuals: A Resting-State fMRI Study

PLoS ONE ◽  
2013 ◽  
Vol 8 (12) ◽  
pp. e82715 ◽  
Author(s):  
Guihua Jiang ◽  
Xue Wen ◽  
Yingwei Qiu ◽  
Ruibin Zhang ◽  
Junjing Wang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Resting State ◽  
Resting State Fmri ◽  
Functional Networks ◽  
Whole Brain ◽  
Brain Functional Networks ◽  
Fmri Study ◽  
Topological Organization

scholarly journals Co-existence of Rolandic and 3 Hz Spike-Wave Discharges on EEG in Children with Epilepsy

2018 ◽  
Vol 46 (1) ◽  
pp. 64-70 ◽  
Author(s):  
Anita N. Datta ◽  
Laura Wallbank ◽  
Peter K. H. Wong
Keyword(s):  
Clinical Data ◽  
Seizure Control ◽  
Age Of Onset ◽  
Absence Epilepsy ◽  
Childhood Absence Epilepsy ◽  
Drug Induced ◽  
Favorable Prognosis ◽  
Spike Wave Discharges ◽  
Spike Wave

AbstractObjectiveBenign epilepsy of childhood with central temporal spikes (BECTS) and absence epilepsy are common epilepsy syndromes in children with similar age of onset and favorable prognosis. However, the co-existence of the electrocardiogram (EEG) findings of rolandic spike and 3 Hz generalized spike-wave (GSW) discharges is extremely rare, with few cases reported in the literature. Our objective was to characterize the EEG findings of these syndromes in children in our center and review the electro-clinical features.MethodsAll EEGs at BC Children’s Hospital are entered in a database, which include EEG findings and clinical data. Patients with both centro-temporal spikes and 3 Hz GSW discharges were identified from the database and clinical data were reviewed.ResultsAmong the 43,061 patients in the database from 1992 to 2017, 1426 with isolated rolandic discharges and 528 patients with isolated 3 Hz GSW discharges were identified, and 20 (0.05%) patients had both findings: 3/20 had BECTS, and subsequently developed childhood absence epilepsy and 17/20 had no seizures characteristic for BECTS. At follow-up, 17 (85%) were seizure-free, 1 (5%) had rare, and 2 (10%) had frequent seizures.ConclusionsThis is the largest reported group of patients to our knowledge with the co-existence of rolandic and 3 Hz GSW discharges on EEGs in one institution, not drug-induced. As the presence of both findings is extremely rare, distinct pathophysiological mechanisms are likely. The majority had excellent seizure control at follow-up, similar to what would be expected for each type of epilepsy alone.

scholarly journals Noninvasive Ultrasonic Drug Uncaging Maps Whole-Brain Functional Networks

Neuron ◽  
2018 ◽  
Vol 100 (3) ◽  
pp. 728-738.e7 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jeffrey B. Wang ◽  
Muna Aryal ◽  
Qian Zhong ◽  
Daivik B. Vyas ◽  
Raag D. Airan
Keyword(s):  
Functional Networks ◽  
Whole Brain ◽  
Brain Functional Networks

scholarly journals Pretreatment cognitive deficits and treatment effects on attention in childhood absence epilepsy

Neurology ◽  
2013 ◽  
Vol 81 (18) ◽  
pp. 1572-1580 ◽  
Author(s):  
D. Masur ◽  
S. Shinnar ◽  
A. Cnaan ◽  
R. C. Shinnar ◽  
P. Clark ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Cognitive Deficits ◽  
Treatment Effects ◽  
Absence Epilepsy ◽  
Childhood Absence Epilepsy

scholarly journals Constructing Dynamic Functional Networks via Weighted Regularization and Tensor Low-Rank Approximation for Early Mild Cognitive Impairment Classification

2021 ◽  
Vol 8 ◽  
Author(s):  
Zhuqing Jiao ◽  
Yixin Ji ◽  
Jiahao Zhang ◽  
Haifeng Shi ◽  
Chuang Wang
Keyword(s):  
Cognitive Impairment ◽  
Mild Cognitive Impairment ◽  
Clustering Coefficient ◽  
Low Rank ◽  
Functional Networks ◽  
Low Rank Approximation ◽  
Functional Connections ◽  
Brain Functional Networks ◽  
Rank Approximation ◽  
Early Mild Cognitive Impairment

Brain functional networks constructed via regularization has been widely used in early mild cognitive impairment (eMCI) classification. However, few methods can properly reflect the similarities and differences of functional connections among different people. Most methods ignore some topological attributes, such as connection strength, which may delete strong functional connections in brain functional networks. To overcome these limitations, we propose a novel method to construct dynamic functional networks (DFN) based on weighted regularization (WR) and tensor low-rank approximation (TLA), and apply it to identify eMCI subjects from normal subjects. First, we introduce the WR term into the DFN construction and obtain WR-based DFNs (WRDFN). Then, we combine the WRDFNs of all subjects into a third-order tensor for TLA processing, and obtain the DFN based on WR and TLA (WRTDFN) of each subject in the tensor. We calculate the weighted-graph local clustering coefficient of each region in each WRTDFN as the effective feature, and use the t-test for feature selection. Finally, we train a linear support vector machine (SVM) classifier to classify the WRTDFNs of all subjects. Experimental results demonstrate that the proposed method can obtain DFNs with the scale-free property, and that the classification accuracy (ACC), the sensitivity (SEN), the specificity (SPE), and the area under curve (AUC) reach 87.0662% ± 0.3202%, 83.4363% ± 0.5076%, 90.6961% ± 0.3250% and 0.9431 ± 0.0023, respectively. We also achieve the best classification results compared with other comparable methods. This work can effectively improve the classification performance of DFNs constructed by existing methods for eMCI and has certain reference value for the early diagnosis of Alzheimer’s disease (AD).

Whole-brain MEG connectivity-based analyses reveals critical hubs in childhood absence epilepsy

2018 ◽  
Vol 145 ◽  
pp. 102-109 ◽  
Author(s):  
Vahab Youssofzadeh ◽  
William Agler ◽  
Jeffrey R. Tenney ◽  
Darren S. Kadis
Keyword(s):  
Absence Epilepsy ◽  
Childhood Absence Epilepsy ◽  
Whole Brain

scholarly journals Altered resting-state whole-brain functional networks of neonates with intrauterine growth restriction

Cortex ◽  
2016 ◽  
Vol 77 ◽  
pp. 119-131 ◽  
Author(s):  
Dafnis Batalle ◽  
Emma Muñoz-Moreno ◽  
Cristian Tornador ◽  
Nuria Bargallo ◽  
Gustavo Deco ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Resting State ◽  
Intrauterine Growth Restriction ◽  
Growth Restriction ◽  
Functional Networks ◽  
Whole Brain ◽  
Intrauterine Growth ◽  
Brain Functional Networks

scholarly journals Shorter TR Combination with Finer Atlas Positively Modulate Topological Organization of Brain Networks: A Resting State fMRI Study

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yan Zhang ◽  
QILI HU ◽  
Jiali Liang ◽  
Zhenghui Hu ◽  
Tianyi Qian ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Temporal Resolution ◽  
Path Length ◽  
Brain Networks ◽  
Small World ◽  
Clustering Coefficient ◽  
High Temporal Resolution ◽  
Small World Networks ◽  
Planar Imaging ◽  
Characteristic Path Length ◽  
Topological Organization

Abstract BackgroundThe simultaneous multislice echo planar imaging technique can shorten the repetition time (TR) of blood oxygen level-dependent acquisition and thus acquires more information. However, little is known about the influence of higher temporal resolution on functional networks. Whether the topological organization of small-world networks is modulated in the multispectra at high temporal resolution is still unclear. Results: The network reconstruction based on the shorter TR and the finer atlas, showed significant (p<0.05, Bonferroni correction) increases in normalized clustering coefficient, small-worldness, clustering coefficient, local efficiency and global efficiency, and reductions in normalized characteristic path length and characteristic path length. ConclusionsThe shorter TR coupled with the finer atlas can positively modulate topological characteristics of brain networks. Although five multispectra present properties of small-world networks, the properties of the network in 0.082-0.1 Hz are weaker than those in 0.01-0.082 Hz. These findings provide new insights into the topological patterns of brain networks and have implications for the study of brain connectomes and their applications in brain disease.

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