Pendahuluan. Infeksi masih merupakan ancaman yang serius bagi dunia kesehatan saat ini, terutama bagi populasi khusus seperti usia lanjut. Usia dinyatakan sebagai salah satu faktor prediktor dalam keberhasilan vaksinasi. Semakin tua usia seseorang, respon imunnya akan semakin buruk. Respon yang berbeda pada usia lanjut ini diperkirakan karena frailty dan kejadian immunosenescense yang mendasarinya. Penelitian ini dilakukan untuk mengetahui hubungan status frailty dengan respon imun pascavaksinasi influenza pada populasi usia lanjut.Metode. Studi kohort retrospektif ini mengambil data dari penelitian induk dengan subjek usia lanjut berusia ≥60 yang tergabung dalam Posyandu Lansia di 4 kelurahan di Kecamatan Pulo Gadung, Jakarta Timur. Status frailty ditentukan berdasarkan kuisoner Frailty Index 40 Items (FI-40). Vaksin Influenza yang dievaluasi adalah vaksin influenza trivalen inaktif. Serokonversi didefinisikan sebagai peningkatan titer inhibisi hemagglutinin sebanyak 4x lipat. Seroproteksi didefinisikan sebagai titer inhibisi hemagglutinin ≥1:40.Hasil. Terdapat 140 subjek penelitian. Tingkat serokonversi vaksin influenza pada kelompok frail, pre-frail dan sehat adalah 37,9%, 39% dan 60%. Tingkat seroproteksi vaksin influenza pada kelompok frail, pre-frail dan sehat adalah 80%, 92,2% dan 94,8% . Risiko relatif (RR) kelompok pre-frail/frail untuk kejadian tidak serokonversi adalah 0,93 (IK 95% 0,72-1,02) dan RR untuk kejadian tidak seroproteksi adalah 1,7 ( IK 95% 0,5-6,2).Simpulan. Tidak ditemukan hubungan antara status frailty dengan serokonversi dan seroproteksi vaksin influenza pada populasi usia lanjut.Kata Kunci: Frailty, pre-frail, frail, serokonversi, seroproteksi, usia lanjut, vaksin influenza Correlation of Frailty Status with Influenza Vaccine Seroconversion and Seroprotection among Elderly PopulationIntroduction. Infection is still considered as a serious health threat in the world, especially among the elderly. Age was identified as one of the predictor factors for successfull vaccination. Immune response would decrease in older people. A different response in the elderly is expected from frailty and underlying immunosenescense events. This study was conducted to determine the relationship with the Frailty status after the vaccination immune response of influenza in the elderly population. Methods. This retrospective cohort study was conducted using secondary data from the parent study of elderly subjects age ≥60 years who live in the community of Posyandu lansia in Pulo Gadung Region, East Jakarta. Frailty status was stated by Frailty Index 40 Items (FI-40). The influenza vaccine evaluated was the Trivalent Inactivated Vaccine. Seroconversion defined as four fold increase hemagglutinin inhibition titre. Seroprotection defined as Hemagglutinin Inhibition titer ≥1:40. Results. There are 140 subject included in this study. Seroconversion influenza vaccine rate in frail, pre-frail, and robust group are 37.9%, 39%, 60%, respectively. Seroprotection rate in frail, pre-frail, and robust group are 80%, 92.2%, 94.8%, respectively. Relative Risk (RR) pre-frail/frail group for not seroconverted is 0.93 (CI 95% 0.72-1.02), and RR for not seroprotected is 1,7 ( CI 95% 0.5-6.2). Conclussions. There is no association between frailty status and seroconversion nor seroprotection of influenza vaccine in elderly population. Keywords: elderly, frail, influenza vaccine, pre-frail, seroconversion, seroprotection
Effectiveness of MF59-adjuvanted seasonal influenza vaccine in the elderly: A systematic review and meta-analysis
