Identifying Patients at High and Low Risk of Cognitive Decline Using Rey Auditory Verbal Learning Test among Middle-Aged Memory Clinic Outpatients

ABSTRACTObjectives:Individuals with Alzheimer's disease (AD) present poor immediate primacy recall accompanied by intact or exaggerated recency, which then tends to decline after a delay. Bruno et al. (Journal of Clinical and Experimental Neuropsychology, Vol. 38, 2016, pp. 967–973) have shown that higher ratio scores between immediate and delayed recency (i.e. the recency ratio; Rr) are associated with cognitive decline in high-functioning older individuals. We tested whether Rr predicted conversion to early mild cognitive impairment (early MCI) from a cognitively healthy baseline.Design:Data were analyzed longitudinally with binomial regression. Baseline scores were used to predict conversion to early MCI after approximately nine years. Setting: Data were collected at the Wisconsin Registry of Alzheimer's Prevention, in Madison, Wisconsin.Participants:For the study, 427 individuals were included in the analysis; all participants were 50 years of age or older and cognitively intact at baseline, and were native English speakers.Measurements:Memory data were collected using the Rey's Auditory Verbal Learning Test, and the early MCI diagnosis was obtained via consensus conference.Results:Our results showed that higher Rr scores are correlated with greater risk of later early MCI diagnosis, and this association is independent of total recall performance.Conclusions:Rr is an emerging cognitive marker of cognitive decline.

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Known-Groups and Convergent Validity of the Telephone Rey Auditory Verbal Learning Test total Learning Scores for Distinguishing Between Older Adults With Amnestic Cognitive Impairment and Subjective Cognitive Decline

Archives of Clinical Neuropsychology ◽

10.1093/arclin/acaa085 ◽

2020 ◽

Author(s):

Shreya Jagtap ◽

Deirdre R Dawson ◽

Susan Vandermorris ◽

Nicole D Anderson ◽

Naomi Davids-Brumer ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Older Adults ◽

Cognitive Impairment ◽

Cognitive Decline ◽

Convergent Validity ◽

Verbal Learning ◽

Subjective Cognitive Decline ◽

Total Recall ◽

Auditory Verbal Learning Test ◽

Auditory Verbal Learning ◽

Learning Test

Abstract Objective To examine known-groups validity of a telephone administration of the total learning scores of the Rey Auditory Verbal Learning Test (RAVLT) in discriminating between people with subjective cognitive decline (SCD) and amnestic mild cognitive impairment (aMCI) and convergent validity of the telephone-RAVLT. Method In total, 83 older adults (age = 71.4 ± 7.0) with SCD or aMCI completed the RAVLT learning trials over the telephone and the Hopkins Verbal Learning Test (HVLT) in-person. Results Telephone-RAVLT total recall significantly correlated with HVLT total recall (r = .49, p < .001). Significant between group differences were found (effect size = 0.94). Conclusions This study provides support for known-groups and convergent validity of the telephone-RAVLT.

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Error Analysis in Neuropsychological Assessment of Verbal Memory and Learning

European Journal of Psychological Assessment ◽

10.1027/1015-5759.11.1.21 ◽

1995 ◽

Vol 11 (1) ◽

pp. 21-28 ◽

Cited By ~ 5

Author(s):

Dietmar Heubrock

Keyword(s):

Error Analysis ◽

Verbal Memory ◽

Verbal Learning ◽

Learning Disorders ◽

Memory And Learning ◽

Auditory Verbal Learning Test ◽

Additional Information ◽

Auditory Verbal Learning ◽

Accurate Picture ◽

Learning Test

Performance on a German version of the Rey Auditory-Verbal Learning Test (AVLT) was investigated for 64 juvenile patients who were subdivided in 6 clinical groups. In addition to standard evaluation of AVLT protocols which is usually confined to items recalled correctly, an error analysis was performed. Differentiating between total errors (TE), repetition errors (RE), and misnamings (ME), substantial differences between clinical groups could be demonstrated. It is argued that error analysis of verbal memory and learning enriches the understanding of neuropsychological syndromes, and provides additional information for diagnostic and clinical use. Thus, it is possible to gain a more accurate picture so that patients can be appropriately retrained, and research into the functional causes of memory and learning disorders can be intensified.

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Association of Anxiety Awareness with Risk Factors of Cognitive Decline in MCI

Brain Sciences ◽

10.3390/brainsci11020135 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 11 (2) ◽

pp. 135

Author(s):

Ariela Gigi ◽

Merav Papirovitz

Keyword(s):

Cognitive Decline ◽

State Anxiety ◽

Verbal Learning ◽

Memory Loss ◽

Control Group ◽

General Tendency ◽

General Anxiety ◽

Auditory Verbal Learning ◽

Skin Conductivity ◽

Learning Test

Studies demonstrate that anxiety is a risk factor for cognitive decline. However, there are also study findings regarding anxiety incidence among people with mild cognitive impairment (MCI), which mostly examined general anxiety evaluated by subjective questionnaires. This study aimed to compare subjective and objective anxiety (using autonomic measures) and anxiety as a general tendency and anxiety as a reaction to memory examination. Participants were 50 adults aged 59–82 years who were divided into two groups: MCI group and control group, according to their objective cognitive performance in the Rey Auditory Verbal Learning Test. Objective changes in the anxiety response were measured by skin conductivity in all tests and questionnaires. To evaluate subjective anxiety as a reaction to memory loss, a questionnaire on “state-anxiety” was used immediately after completing memory tests. Our main finding was that although both healthy and memory-impaired participants exhibited elevations in physiological arousal during the memory test, only healthy participants reported an enhanced state anxiety (p = 0.025). Our results suggest that people with MCI have impaired awareness of their emotional state.

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