AbstractXanthogranulomatous pyelonephritis is a rare debilitating illness resulting in focal or diffuse renal destruction. It is characterized pathologically by lipid-laden foamy macrophages which share many characteristics with true renal neoplasm in terms of its radiographic appearance and ability to involve adjacent structures or organs. It affects non-functioning kidney and is often associated with urinary tract obstruction, infection, nephrolithiasis, diabetes, and immunocompromised state. The treatment is almost universally extirpative and can pose a formidable challenge to the surgeon. We report two cases of diffuse Xanthogranulomatous pyelonephritis occurring in a non-functioning kidney of 38 year old diabetic male and 51 year old male with renal calculus.
Risk stratification for children with a solitary functioning kidney
