Circulatory Physiology in Isolated Pulmonary Hypoplasia: Persistence of Fetal Circulation

The ductus arteriosus (DA) is a physiologic vessel crucial for fetal circulation. As a major regulating factor, the prostaglandin pathway has long been the target for DA patency maintenance or closure. However, the adverse effect of prostaglandins and their inhibitors has been a major unsolved clinical problem. Furthermore, a significant portion of patients with patent DA fail to respond to cyclooxygenase inhibitors that target the prostaglandin pathway. These unresponsive medical patients ultimately require surgical intervention and highlight the importance of exploring pathways independent from this well-recognized prostaglandin pathway. The clinical limitations of prostaglandin-targeting therapeutics prompted us to investigate molecules beyond the prostaglandin pathway. Thus, this article introduces molecules independent from the prostaglandin pathway based on their correlating mechanisms contributing to vascular remodeling. These molecules may serve as potential targets for future DA patency clinical management.

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Transfer of 125I-Labelled Lysozyme from the Maternal into the Fetal Circulation in Rabbits and Mice

Non-Specific Factors Influencing Host Resistance ◽

10.1159/000428021 ◽

2015 ◽

pp. 382-390

Author(s):

A. Glynn ◽

M. Adinolfi

Keyword(s):

Fetal Circulation

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MODEL OF PERSISTENT FETAL CIRCULATION AND SUDDEN INFANT DEATH SYNDROME (SIDS)

The Lancet ◽

10.1016/s0140-6736(80)90176-2 ◽

1980 ◽

Vol 316 (8199) ◽

pp. 831-834 ◽

Cited By ~ 5

Author(s):

C.K. Vesselinova-Jenkins

Keyword(s):

Sudden Infant Death Syndrome ◽

Infant Death ◽

Sudden Infant Death ◽

Sudden Infant ◽

Fetal Circulation ◽

Persistent Fetal Circulation

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3D Imaging in Unilateral Primary Pulmonary Hypoplasia in an Adult: A Case Report

Case Reports in Radiology ◽

10.1155/2011/659586 ◽

2011 ◽

Vol 2011 ◽

pp. 1-6

Author(s):

Aristida Georgescu ◽

Crinu Nuta ◽

Simona Bondari

Keyword(s):

3D Imaging ◽

Pulmonary Hypoplasia ◽

Left Lung ◽

Left Lobe ◽

X Rays ◽

X Ray ◽

Female Smoker ◽

Multidetector Computer Tomography ◽

Biological Tests ◽

Chest X Ray

Unilateral primary pulmonary hypoplasia is rare in adulthood (UPHA); it is characterized by a decreased number of bronchial segmentation and decreased/absent alveolar air space. Classical chest X-ray may be confusing, and the biological tests are unspecific. We present a case of UPHA in a 60-year-old female, smoker, with 3 term normal deliveries, who presented with late recurrent pneumonias and bronchiectasis-type symptomathology, arterial hypertension, and obesity. Chest X-rays revealed opacity in the left lower pulmonary zone, an apparent hypoaerated upper left lobe and left deviation of the mediastinum. Preoperatory multidetector computer tomography (MDCT) presented a small retrocardiac left lung with 5-6 bronchial segmentation range and cystic appearance. After pneumonectomy the gross specimen showed a small lung with multiple bronchiectasis and small cysts, lined by hyperplasic epithelium, surrounded by stromal fibrosclerosis. We concluded that this UPHA occurred in the 4–7 embryonic weeks, and the 3D MDCT reconstructions offered the best noninvasive diagnosis.

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Persistent Pulmonary Hypertension of the Newborn

International Journal of Technology Assessment in Health Care ◽

10.1017/s0266462300012538 ◽

1991 ◽

Vol 7 (S1) ◽

pp. 66-69

Author(s):

George Lister

Keyword(s):

Pulmonary Hypertension ◽

Diaphragmatic Hernia ◽

Vascular Development ◽

Clinical Syndrome ◽

Persistent Pulmonary Hypertension ◽

Maternal Infection ◽

Fetal Circulation ◽

Cns Disease ◽

Persistent Fetal Circulation

Persistent pulmonary hypertension of the newborn or persistent fetal circulation is a clinical syndrome that is usually apparent within the first 2 days after birth because of the presence of hypoxemia (2;12;19). The syndrome was first described in an abstract by Gersony, Due, and Sinclair (6) in 1969. Two infants were reported who had “RV decompensation, cyanosis and clear lung fields… in the absence of recognizable cardiac, pulmonary, hematologic or CNS disease.” The syndrome has been associated with aspiration of meconium, diaphragmatic hernia, asphyxia, hemorrhage, shock, and maternal infection (4;18). In other cases, there is no clear antecedent event. Despite considerable interest in the problem and a wealth of research related to pulmonary vasoregulation and vascular development in the fetus and newborn, the etiology of the syndrome remains obscure 20 years since its recognition.

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