4. Pathophysiological aspects of the orofacial complex and the function regulator as an orthopedic exercise device

2015 ◽  
pp. 22-28
Keyword(s):  
Function Regulator

The Function Regulator of Fränkel: Clinical Management

1976 ◽  
Vol 3 (2) ◽  
pp. 67-70 ◽  
Author(s):  
H. L. Eirew
Keyword(s):  
Clinical Management ◽  
Function Regulator

The first in a series of articles describing the fabrication and clinical management of the diverse types of function regulator appliances.

Acute Idiopathic Oedema of the Lips Associated with Function Regulator Treatment

1980 ◽  
Vol 7 (4) ◽  
pp. 179-181
Author(s):  
Sydney Haynes ◽  
Peter Wood
Keyword(s):  
Function Regulator

An acute idiopathic oedema of the lips is described in a patient undergoing function regulator treatment. The event was associated with the fitting of the patient's second appliance which was successfully reintroduced following antihistamine therapy.

scholarly journals Stability evaluation of occlusal changes obtained with Fränkel's Function Regulator-2

2012 ◽  
Vol 17 (6) ◽  
pp. 103-110
Author(s):  
Tânia Gnecchi Tanaka ◽  
Fernanda Angelieri ◽  
Lylian Kazumi Kanashiro ◽  
Silvana Bommarito
Keyword(s):  
Class Ii ◽  
Post Treatment ◽  
Class Ii Malocclusion ◽  
Final Phase ◽  
Division 1 ◽  
Treatment Priority ◽  
Function Regulator ◽  
Student’S T ◽  
The Stability ◽  
Student’S T Test

OBJECTIVE: To analyze the stability of occlusal changes promoted by the Frankel's Functional Regulator 2 (FR-2), in a mean period of 7.16 years post treatment. METHODS: Fifty-four pairs of models were evaluated, from 18 patients treated with FR-2. All patients had Class II, division 1 malocclusion, with initial mean age of 10.77 years and were treated with FR-2 for 18 months. The models were evaluated at the beginning of treatment (T1), at the end (T2) and after 7.16 years post treatment (T3). For occlusal evaluation, the treatment priority index (TPI) was applied on the three analyzed phases. The alterations that occurred between phases were verified with one another through paired Student's t test, with critical value of 0.05. RESULTS: A statistically significant reduction of TPI was verified, from the initial to the final phase of the treatment, reflecting the efficiency of treatment performed with FR-2, specially due to improvement in molar relation, overjet and overbite. Apart from this, the Class II correction remained stable over time. CONCLUSIONS: In this way, it is concluded that the FR-2 appliance showed to be efficient for the dental correction of Class II malocclusion, with stable occlusal results after 7.16 years post treatment.

scholarly journals TRPV4 interacts with mitochondrial proteins and acts as a mitochondrial structure-function regulator

2018 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ashutosh Kumar ◽  
Rakesh Kumar Majhi ◽  
Tusar Kanta Acharya ◽  
Karl-Heinz Smalla ◽  
Eckart D Gundelfinger ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Cell Types ◽  
Mitochondrial Proteins ◽  
Mitochondrial Morphology ◽  
Oxidative Potential ◽  
Mitochondrial Abnormalities ◽  
Charcot Marie Tooth Disease ◽  
Transport Chain ◽  
Key Factor ◽  
Function Regulator ◽  
Tooth Disease

TRPV4 has been linked with the development of sensory defects, neuropathic pain, neurodegenerative disorders such as Charcot Marie Tooth disease and various muscular dystrophies. In all these cases mitochondrial abnormalities were tagged as cellular hallmarks and such abnormalities have been reported as key factor for the pathophysiological conditions. Mitochondria also have the unique ability to sense and regulate their own temperature. Here, we demonstrate that TRPV4, a thermosensitive ion channels, localizes to a subpopulation of mitochondria in various cell lines, in primary cells and also in sperm cells. Improper expression and/or function of TRPV4 induce several mitochondrial abnormalities such as low oxidative potential, high Ca2+-influx and changes in electron transport chain functions. TRPV4 is also involved in regulation of mitochondrial morphology, smoothness, and fusion-fission events. The C-terminal cytoplasmic region of TRPV4 can localize it to mitochondria and interacts with mitochondrial proteins including Hsp60, Mfn1 and Mfn2. Regulation of mitochondria by TRPV4 may contribute to previously uncharacterized mitochondria-specific functions observed in various cell types. This discovery may help to link TRPV4-mediated channelopathies with mitochondria-mediated diseases.

scholarly journals Genome-Wide Identification of R2R3-MYB Transcription Factors: Discovery of a “Dual-Function” Regulator of Gypenoside and Flavonol Biosynthesis in Gynostemma pentaphyllum

2022 ◽  
Vol 12 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ding Huang ◽  
Ruhong Ming ◽  
Shiqiang Xu ◽  
Shaochang Yao ◽  
Liangbo Li ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Gene Family ◽  
Expression Patterns ◽  
Purifying Selection ◽  
Dual Function ◽  
Chinese Medicinal Herb ◽  
Triterpenoid Saponins ◽  
Gynostemma Pentaphyllum ◽  
Genome Wide ◽  
Function Regulator ◽  
R2r3 Myb

The R2R3-MYB gene family participates in several plant physiological processes, especially the regulation of the biosynthesis of secondary metabolites. However, little is known about the functions of R2R3-MYB genes in Gynostemma pentaphyllum (G. pentaphyllum), a traditional Chinese medicinal herb that is an excellent source of gypenosides (a class of triterpenoid saponins) and flavonoids. In this study, a systematic genome-wide analysis of the R2R3-MYB gene family was performed using the recently sequenced G. pentaphyllum genome. In total, 87 R2R3-GpMYB genes were identified and subsequently divided into 32 subgroups based on phylogenetic analysis. The analysis was based on conserved exon–intron structures and motif compositions within the same subgroup. Collinearity analysis demonstrated that segmental duplication events were majorly responsible for the expansion of the R2R3-GpMYB gene family, and Ka/Ks analysis indicated that the majority of the duplicated R2R3-GpMYB genes underwent purifying selection. A combination of transcriptome analysis and quantitative reverse transcriptase-PCR (qRT-PCR) confirmed that Gynostemma pentaphyllum myeloblastosis 81 (GpMYB81) along with genes encoding gypenoside and flavonol biosynthetic enzymes exhibited similar expression patterns in different tissues and responses to methyl jasmonate (MeJA). Moreover, GpMYB81 could bind to the promoters of Gynostemma pentaphyllum farnesyl pyrophosphate synthase 1 (GpFPS1) and Gynostemma pentaphyllum chalcone synthase (GpCHS), the key structural genes of gypenoside and flavonol biosynthesis, respectively, and activate their expression. Altogether, this study highlights a novel transcriptional regulatory mechanism that suggests that GpMYB81 acts as a “dual-function” regulator of gypenoside and flavonol biosynthesis in G. pentaphyllum.

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