scholarly journals Isolated Oculomotor Cranial Nerve Palsy as Unusual Presentation of Primary High-Grade Burkitt’s Cell Lymphoma in HIV Patient: Case Report and Literature Review

2021 ◽  
pp. 1555-1560
Author(s):  
Elabbass A. Abdelmahmuod ◽  
Mohammed Abdulgayoom ◽  
Mohammed Elhadi ◽  
Hiba Magboul ◽  
Mouhammad Z. Sharaf Eldean ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Lymph Node ◽  
Cranial Nerve ◽  
Cranial Nerve Palsy ◽  
Nerve Palsy ◽  
Opportunistic Infections ◽  
Cell Lymphoma ◽  
Lymph Node Biopsy ◽  
Oculomotor Nerve Palsy ◽  
Common Causes ◽  
History Of

Burkitt lymphoma (BL) is a highly aggressive B-cell neoplasm that is well known to be associated with HIV. The presentation usually reflects the underline immunodeficiency state (like opportunistic infections and chronic diarrhea, and enlarged lymph nodes). The most common causes for 3rd cranial nerve palsy are intracranial aneurysm, ischemia, trauma, and migraine. But for our case, it turned out to be associated with underline HIV and BL, which is an unusual cause. Here, we present a 43-year-old gentleman with no past medical history presented to the emergency department with 4 days history of drooping of left eyelid and headache and binocular diplopia with no other neurological features. CT abdomen showed lymph node enlargement. Lymph node biopsy showed the characteristic of Burkitt’s cell lymphoma. He was started on chemotherapy, but unfortunately, he died. We’re enlightening this case of an isolated oculomotor nerve palsy to diagnose lethal pathology like disseminated BL.

scholarly journals Nasopharyngeal B-cell lymphoma with pan-hypopituitarism and oculomotor nerve palsy: a case report and review of the literature

2020 ◽  
Vol 20 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Maryam Zahedi ◽  
Reyhane Hizomi Arani ◽  
Maryam Tohidi ◽  
Shirin Haghighi ◽  
Masoud Mehrpour ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
B Cell ◽  
Cranial Nerve ◽  
Cranial Nerve Palsy ◽  
Nerve Palsy ◽  
Cell Lymphoma ◽  
B Cell Lymphoma ◽  
Oculomotor Nerve ◽  
Diabetic Woman ◽  
Oculomotor Nerve Palsy ◽  
Neoplastic Lesion

Abstract Background Primary nasopharyngeal lymphoma (NPL) is a very rare tumor of Waldeyer ring (WR) lymphoid tissue. It is challenging to differentiate lymphoma infiltration of pituitary from a pituitary adenoma, meningioma infiltration, and other sellar lesions to plan a suitable treatment strategy. We presented for the first time a unique case of NPL with an unusual presentation of oculomotor nerve palsy associated with pan-pituitary involvement in a diabetic patient. Case presentation A 64-year old diabetic woman with no previous history of malignancy presented with intermittent diplopia for about the last nine months. Severe headache, left eye ptosis and hypoglycemic episodes were added to her symptoms after a while. Further complaints include generalized weakness, loss of appetite, generalized musculoskeletal pain, and 6–7 kg weight loss within six months. Her family history was unremarkable. Physical examinations of eyes indicated left eye 3rd, 4th, and 6th nerve palsy. But, she was not anisocoric, and the pupillary reflexes were normal on both eyes. No lymphadenopathy, organomegaly and other abnormalities were found. Magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) showed a heterogeneous enhancement in the seller and suprasellar regions, enlargement of the stalk, parasellar dural enhancement and thickening of the sphenoid sinus without bone erosion. Also, both cavernous sinuses were infiltrated and both internal carotid arteries were encased by the neoplastic lesion. It suggested an infiltrative neoplastic lesion which compressed the cranial nerves. Pituitary hormone levels assessment indicated a pan-hypopituitarism. Following nasopharyngeal mucosal biopsy, the immunohistochemistry (IHC) findings revealed a low-grade non-Hodgkin’s B-cell lymphoma. Systemic workup, including cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) studies, bone marrow aspiration, chest and abdominopelvic high-resolution computed tomography (HRCT) indicated no other involvement by the lymphoma. After chemotherapy courses, central adrenal insufficiency, partial central diabetes incipidious (CDI) and central hypothyroidism have been resolved. To our best knowledge, we found 17 cases of NPL with cranial nerve palsy, 1 case of NPL with pan-hypopituitarism and no NPL case with both cranial nerve palsy and pituitary dysfunction. Conclusions The incidence of cranial neuropathy in patients with diabetes should not merely be attributed to diabetic neuropathy without further evaluation.

scholarly journals Post traumatic isolated ipsilateral oculomotor nerve palsy

2019 ◽  
pp. 188-190
Author(s):  
Praveen Kumar ◽  
Sharad Pandey ◽  
Kulwant Singh ◽  
Mukesh Sharma ◽  
Prarthana Saxena
Keyword(s):  
Subdural Hematoma ◽  
Nerve Palsy ◽  
Chronic Subdural Hematoma ◽  
Oculomotor Nerve Palsy ◽  
Rare Presentation ◽  
Third Nerve Palsy ◽  
Common Causes ◽  
History Of ◽  
Post Traumatic ◽  
Third Nerve

The common causes of isolated third nerve palsy are microvascular infarction, intracranial aneurysm, diabetes, hypertension and atherosclerosis. Here we are presenting a case of 26-year female presenting with a history of head injury two months back. She presented with ptosis on the left side. On computed tomography, a large left-sided chronic subdural hematoma with significant midline shift was found. Isolated ipsilateral third nerve palsy is a rare presentation with unilateral chronic subdural hematoma. Improvement in ptosis after surgery indicate a good neurological outcome.

scholarly journals A rare case of rickettsial fever with isolated third cranial nerve palsy causing hemophagocytic lymphohistiocytosis

2021 ◽  
pp. 409-411
Author(s):  
Murthy N L N Arumilli ◽  
Kiran Bada Revappa ◽  
Karthik Rao ◽  
Pradeep Rangappa ◽  
Ipe Jacob
Keyword(s):  
Hemophagocytic Lymphohistiocytosis ◽  
Cranial Nerve ◽  
Cranial Nerve Palsy ◽  
Nerve Palsy ◽  
Indian Subcontinent ◽  
Diagnostic Techniques ◽  
Oculomotor Nerve Palsy ◽  
Rickettsial Infections ◽  
Life Threatening ◽  
Third Cranial Nerve Palsy

Rickettsial infections are being increasingly diagnosed in the Indian subcontinent with the advent of affordable and sensitive diagnostic techniques. Rickettsial infections are sometimes complicated by the development of secondary hemophagocytic lymphohistiocytosis (HLH) which is life-threatening unless identified early and treated. Here, we describe a case of rickettsial fever in a 41-year-old male who presented with fever, skin rash, and neurological obtundation, complicated by both third cranial nerve palsy and HLH. The patient showed a good recovery in sensorium with intravenous doxycycline and dexamethasone, although the oculomotor nerve palsy persisted for about two months after discharge. This case highlights the need to initiate treatment for rickettsial fever and HLH on clinical grounds before waiting for confirmation by laboratory tests.

scholarly journals Accessory Nerve Palsy: A Review of 23 Cases

1991 ◽  
Vol 18 (3) ◽  
pp. 337-341 ◽  
Author(s):  
H. Berry ◽  
E.A. MacDonald ◽  
A.C. Mrazek
Keyword(s):  
Lymph Node ◽  
Blunt Trauma ◽  
Nerve Palsy ◽  
Lymph Node Biopsy ◽  
Sensory Nerves ◽  
Accessory Nerve ◽  
Surgical Trauma ◽  
Node Biopsy ◽  
Common Causes ◽  
Spontaneous Onset

ABSTRACT:In a series of 23 patients, the commonest cause of accessory nerve palsy was surgical trauma at the time of lymph node biopsy. The less common causes were penetrating or blunt trauma and a few were of spontaneous onset. There was involvement of adjacent motor sensory nerves in about half of the patients. The prognosis was better following blunt trauma, stretch injuries and after a spontaneous onset. The anatomical relationships of the accessory nerve and aspects of the clinical picture and management are discussed.

scholarly journals A rare case of iii cranial nerve palsy - mucormycosis involving the right maxillary and ethmoidal sinus

2021 ◽  
Vol 9 (3) ◽  
pp. 181-184
Author(s):  
K. Praveen Gandhi ◽  
◽  
V. Sakthivel ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Case Report ◽  
Early Diagnosis ◽  
Cranial Nerve ◽  
Cranial Nerve Palsy ◽  
Rare Case ◽  
Nerve Palsy ◽  
Oculomotor Nerve ◽  
Oculomotor Nerve Palsy ◽  
The Right ◽  
Rule Out

IIIrd Cranial nerve palsy, known as oculomotor nerve palsy, may result from various causes,however, the etiology remains unknown in some instances. This case report aims to present theauthors' experience with a case of IIIrd cranial nerve palsy, together with a review of the literature.Many etiologies have been associated with isolated oculomotor nerve palsies. We report the case ofa patient who presented with right maxillary and ethmoidal sinusitis with IIIrd cranial nerve palsyassociated with mucormycosis. Careful examinations to rule out other causes must be done and thentreatment with antifungals should be considered after early diagnosis.

Cranial nerve palsy following transvenous embolization for a cavernous sinus dural arteriovenous fistula: association with the volume and location of detachable coils

2008 ◽  
Vol 109 (2) ◽  
pp. 208-214 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kazuhiko Nishino ◽  
Yasushi Ito ◽  
Hitoshi Hasegawa ◽  
Bumpei Kikuchi ◽  
Junsuke Shimbo ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Arteriovenous Fistula ◽  
Cavernous Sinus ◽  
Cranial Nerve ◽  
Cranial Nerve Palsy ◽  
Nerve Palsy ◽  
Dural Arteriovenous Fistula ◽  
Oculomotor Nerve Palsy ◽  
Transvenous Embolization ◽  
Cumulative Volume ◽  
Coil Volume

Object Transvenous embolization (TVE) for the treatment of a cavernous sinus (CS) dural arteriovenous fistula (DAVF) occasionally causes cranial nerve palsy (CNP). Overpacking of coils is considered to result in CNP. The purpose of this study was to analyze the association of TVE-induced CNP with the volume and location of coils activated in the CS. Methods Thirty-one patients with CS DAVFs (33 lesions) underwent TVE. Results Cranial nerve palsy occurred or was aggravated in 13 cases (39.4%; CNP group). The cumulative volume of activated coils was significantly greater in the CNP group (0.241 ± 0.172 cm3) than in the non-CNP group (0.119 ± 0.075 cm3; p < 0.05). Of those lesions with > 0.2 cm3 of coil volume, 77.8% showed immediate aggravation or a new occurrence of CNP after TVE. Five lesions treated with a smaller volume of coils showed a delayed worsening or occurrence of CNP. In cases with induced oculomotor nerve palsy, coils had been densely packed in the superolateral part of the anterior CS. Dense packing in the lateral portion of the posterior CS frequently induced abducent nerve palsy. Although patients harboring lesions with a greater coil volume required a longer recovery time, newly developed or aggravated CNP, related to 84.6% of the lesions, resolved completely. Conclusions The cumulative volume and specific locations of coils in the CS correlated with TVE-induced CNP. Overpacking appeared to be the predominant cause of CNP; however, for CNP in cases involving smaller coil volumes, an alternative mechanism may be involved.

scholarly journals Sixth Cranial Nerve Palsy and Vertigo Caused by Vertebrobasilar Insufficiency

2020 ◽  
Vol 24 (3) ◽  
pp. 157-160 ◽  
Author(s):  
Seung Won Paik ◽  
Hui Joon Yang ◽  
Young Joon Seo
Keyword(s):  
Cranial Nerve ◽  
Cranial Nerve Palsy ◽  
Nerve Palsy ◽  
Vitamin B12 Deficiency ◽  
Vertebrobasilar Insufficiency ◽  
Sixth Cranial Nerve ◽  
Sixth Cranial Nerve Palsy ◽  
History Of ◽  
B12 Deficiency ◽  
The Right

A 38-year-old woman presented with a week’s history of binocular horizontal double vision and acute vertigo with gaze-induced nystagmus. We considered a diagnosis of one of the six syndromes of the sixth cranial nerve and evaluated several causes. She had history of severe anemia, vitamin B12 deficiency, and hypertension. Magnetic resonance imaging with angiography showed stenosis of the right vertebral artery and hyperintensity on both basal ganglia. As we describe here, we should consider vertebrobasilar insufficiency as a cause for sixth cranial nerve palsy if a patient has high risk for microvascular ischemia, even in the absence of acute brain hemorrhage or infarction.

scholarly journals A Case Report: Angioimmunoblastic T Cell Misdiagnosed as Pulmonary Sarcoidosis

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
xuerui Wang ◽  
Xu jie ◽  
Chen guang ◽  
bingyan Zhan
Keyword(s):  
Bone Marrow ◽  
Lymph Node ◽  
T Cell ◽  
Bone Marrow Biopsy ◽  
Cell Lymphoma ◽  
Clinical Manifestations ◽  
Pulmonary Sarcoidosis ◽  
Lymph Node Biopsy ◽  
Node Biopsy ◽  
History Of

Abstract Introduction: Angioimmunoblastic T-cell lymphoma is a peripheral T-cell lymphoma subtype characterized by abnormal proliferation of T lymphocytes with hyperplasia of endothelial veins and follicular dendritic cells. Sarcoidosis is a non-caseating epithelial granulomatous disease of unknown cause, which can invade the whole body organs, especially the lungs and intrathoracic lymph nodes. The clinical manifestations are not specific. There are many similarities between the malignant lymphoma and pulmonary sarcoidosis in the early clinical manifestations, such as chest imaging and clinical manifestations, which are easy to be misdiagnosed. Methods: A fifty-three-year-old man presented with a two-month history of cough. This article uses the clinical data of a patient to reveal the main points that should be paid attention to in the diagnosis of lymphoma.Results: The patient were given right inguinal lymph node biopsy and bone marrow biopsy. Case Presentation: Here, A fifty-three-year-old man presented with a two-month history of cough. The effect was not good after one week of anti-infective and glucocorticoid treatment. Lymph node biopsy and bone marrow biopsy were performed. Conclusion: When we find that the therapeutic effect of pulmonary sarcoidosis is not good, we should make pathological diagnosis. We can prevent further deterioration of the disease through the above measures.

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