scholarly journals Pathological Laughter Prodromal to a Stroke of the Head of the Left Caudate Nucleus

2022 ◽  
pp. 1-4
Author(s):  
Matthew Beth Urhoy ◽  
William J. House
Keyword(s):  
Differential Diagnosis ◽  
Caudate Nucleus ◽  
Past History ◽  
Atrial Myxoma ◽  
Pathological Laughter ◽  
Extensive Evaluation ◽  
Left Caudate ◽  
History Of ◽  
Chronic Daily Headaches

A 38-year-old right-handed female with a past history of intermittent painful rash, dizzy spells, and chronic daily headaches as well as episodic migraines experienced an episode of transient involuntary pathological laughter, right arm weakness, and expressive dysphasia. She was found on MRI to have multiple strokes in multiple vascular distributions, including one in the head of the left caudate. A cardiac ECHO found an atrial myxoma, with extensive evaluation for other causes of stroke unrevealing. The differential diagnosis for pathological laughter in this patient is discussed. The most plausible cause in this patient is an infarct to the head of the left caudate nucleus caused by an embolus of the atrial myxoma.

Overactivation of the middle cingulate cortex and the caudate nucleus as neural correlates of the familial liability to major depressiive disorder

2011 ◽  
Vol 26 (S2) ◽  
pp. 648-648 ◽  
Author(s):  
D. Lisiecka ◽  
A. Carballedo ◽  
A.J. Fagan ◽  
G. Connolly ◽  
J. Meaney ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Caudate Nucleus ◽  
Emotional Processing ◽  
Cingulate Cortex ◽  
Neural Correlates ◽  
Neural Activation ◽  
Emotional Information ◽  
Standard Population ◽  
Left Caudate ◽  
History Of ◽  
Middle Cingulate Cortex

IntroductionUnaffected healthy 1st degree relatives of patients with major depressive disorder (MDD) are 3.6 times more liable to develop the disease themselves than the standard population without the history of the disorder. Neural correlates of this liability are of particular interest since the phenomenon does not always have behavioral manifestations and early detected can enhance quicker and better MDD prevention.ObjectiveThe objective of our study was to establish neuronal correlates of susceptibility MDD in unaffected healthy 1st degree relatives of patients with MDD. Inhibition of emotional information was examined in the present study.AimsThe aim of the study was to better understand the development of MDD and the role of altered inhibition of emotional processing in it. That, in consequence, may contribute to establishing new methods of prevention and quicker detection of MDD liability.MethodsTwenty-one unaffected healthy 1st degree relatives of patients with MDD and twenty-five matched healthy controls underwent a functional magnetic resonance imaging procedure with a task involving inhibition of emotional processing of positive, negative and neutral emotional information. 2 × 3 ANOVA was performed to establish if the two groups differed significantly in the inhibition of one of the three types of emotions.ResultsThe unaffected healthy 1st degree relatives displayed an increased neural activation during the inhibition of negative emotional information in the bilateral middle cingulate cortex (MCC) and the left caudate nucleus (p< 0.05, family wise error).ConclusionsThe overactivation of the MCC and caudate nucleus can be a marker of MDD liability

scholarly journals Epididymal Tuberculosis: A Diagnostic Challenge, Sonographic Findings, and Differential Diagnosis

2017 ◽  
Vol 34 (1) ◽  
pp. 59-63 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jeevan Mahaveer ◽  
Michael Weston ◽  
Stephen Wolstenhulme
Keyword(s):  
Differential Diagnosis ◽  
Past History ◽  
Testicular Tumor ◽  
Sinus Tract ◽  
Tunica Vaginalis ◽  
Diagnostic Challenge ◽  
Scrotal Pain ◽  
History Of ◽  
Scrotal Swelling

A male patient was referred to radiology with scrotal pain and swelling. Prior to diagnosis, the patient had three sonograms for scrotal swelling, which progressed to a discharging scrotal sinus. At the second scan, a risk factor of past history of pulmonary tuberculosis (PTB) was noted. The first sonogram showed findings suggestive of left epididymitis, the second sonogram showed possible primary testicular tumor or epididymal tuberculosis (EPTB), the third sonogram showed epididymal pathology extending to involve the tunica vaginalis and scrotal wall leading to a sinus tract formation, and the fourth sonogram was normal. This case highlights the sonographic findings during progression of EPTB and the differential diagnosis to consider in such cases. It is a useful educational aid for radiologists and sonographers when evaluating the role of sonography in the management of a patient with scrotal swelling and discharging scrotal sinus.

Symptomatic cerebral histoplasmoma

1980 ◽  
Vol 52 (2) ◽  
pp. 273-275 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sydney S. Schochet ◽  
Mohammad Sarwar ◽  
Patrick J. Kelly ◽  
Brent E. Masel
Keyword(s):  
Differential Diagnosis ◽  
Parietal Lobe ◽  
Past History ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Pathological Evaluation ◽  
Peripheral Ring ◽  
History Of ◽  
The Right ◽  
Tomography Scan ◽  
Fine Print

✓ A 53-year-old man, with a past history of a thoracotomy 7 years previously, developed seizures. A computerized tomography scan with contrast medium revealed a peripheral ring-like lesion in the anterolateral part of the right parietal lobe. Pathological evaluation of the resected lesion demonstrated it to be a histoplasmoma. Although rare, a histoplasmoma should be included in the differential diagnosis of a ring-shaped lesion in a patient with previous pulmonary disease.

Loss of Topographic Memory and Prosopagnosia During Migraine Aura

Cephalalgia ◽  
1999 ◽  
Vol 19 (9) ◽  
pp. 841-843 ◽  
Author(s):  
IP Martins ◽  
M Cunhae Sá
Keyword(s):  
Differential Diagnosis ◽  
Cognitive Dysfunction ◽  
Right Hemisphere ◽  
Past History ◽  
Procedural Memory ◽  
Migraine Aura ◽  
Diagnostic Difficulties ◽  
History Of

We report the case of a 28-year-old woman with a past history of acephalalgic migraine. She had a complex migraine aura with left-sided scintillating scotomas, hemianopia, left-sided paresthesias, a loss of topographic and procedural memory, and prosopagnosia. The rarity of right hemisphere cognitive dysfunction during the aura, its diagnostic difficulties, and differential diagnosis are discussed.

PREVALENCE AND RELATED FACTORS OF POSTNATAL DEPRESSION IN HIV INFECTED WOMEN

2014 ◽  
pp. 140-152
Author(s):  
Manh Hoan Nguyen ◽  
Ngoc Thanh Cao
Keyword(s):  
Regression Analysis ◽  
Postpartum Depression ◽  
Hiv Infection ◽  
Postnatal Depression ◽  
Past History ◽  
Depression Scale ◽  
Multivariate Regression Analysis ◽  
Related Factors ◽  
History Of ◽  
History Of Depression

Background and Objective: HIV infection is also a cause of postpartum depression, however, in Vietnam, there has not yet the prevalence of postpartum depression in HIV infected women. The objective is to determine prevalence and related factors of postpartum depression in HIV infected women. Materials and Methods: From November 30th, 2012 to March 30th, 2014, a prospective cohort study is done at Dong Nai and Binh Duong province. The sample includes135 HIV infected women and 405 non infected women (ratio 1/3) who accepted to participate to the research. We used “Edinburgh Postnatal Depression Scale (EPDS) as a screening test when women hospitalized for delivery and 1 week, 6weeks postpartum. Mother who score EPDS ≥ 13 are likely to be suffering from depression. We exclude women who have EPDS ≥ 13 since just hospitalize. Data are collected by a structural questionaire. Results: At 6 weeks postpartum, prevalence of depression in HIV infected women is 61%, in the HIV non infected women is 8.7% (p < 0.001). There are statistical significant differences (p<0.05) between two groups for some factors: education, profession, income, past history of depression, child’s health, breast feeding. Logistical regression analysis determine these factors are related with depression: late diagnosis of HIV infection, child infected of HIV, feeling guilty of HIV infected and feeling guilty with their family. Multivariate regression analysis showed 4 factors are related with depression: HIV infection, living in the province, child’s health, past history of depression. Conclusion: Prevalence of postpartum depression in HIV infected women is 61.2%; risk of depression of postnatal HIV infected women is 6.4 times the risk of postnatal HIV non infected women, RR=6.4 (95% CI:4.3 – 9.4). Domestic women have lower risk than immigrant women from other province, RR=0.72 (95% CI:0.5 – 0.9). Past history of depression is a risk factor with RR=1.7 (95% CI:1.02 – 0.9. Women whose child is weak or die, RR=1.7(95% CI:0.9 – 3.1). Keywords: Postpartum depression, HIV-positive postpartum women

Nonlocal Gravity

2017 ◽  
Author(s):  
Bahram Mashhoon
Keyword(s):  
Gravitational Field ◽  
Gravitational Lensing ◽  
Past History ◽  
Lorentz Invariance ◽  
Minkowski Spacetime ◽  
Field Measurements ◽  
Local Principle ◽  
History Of ◽  
Expansion Of The Universe ◽  
Nearby Galaxies

A postulate of locality permeates through the special and general theories of relativity. First, Lorentz invariance is extended in a pointwise manner to actual, namely, accelerated observers in Minkowski spacetime. This hypothesis of locality is then employed crucially in Einstein’s local principle of equivalence to render observers pointwise inertial in a gravitational field. Field measurements are intrinsically nonlocal, however. To go beyond the locality postulate in Minkowski spacetime, the past history of the accelerated observer must be taken into account in accordance with the Bohr-Rosenfeld principle. The observer in general carries the memory of its past acceleration. The deep connection between inertia and gravitation suggests that gravity could be nonlocal as well and in nonlocal gravity the fading gravitational memory of past events must then be taken into account. Along this line of thought, a classical nonlocal generalization of Einstein’s theory of gravitation has recently been developed. In this nonlocal gravity (NLG) theory, the gravitational field is local, but satisfies a partial integro-differential field equation. A significant observational consequence of this theory is that the nonlocal aspect of gravity appears to simulate dark matter. The implications of NLG are explored in this book for gravitational lensing, gravitational radiation, the gravitational physics of the Solar System and the internal dynamics of nearby galaxies as well as clusters of galaxies. This approach is extended to nonlocal Newtonian cosmology, where the attraction of gravity fades with the expansion of the universe. Thus far only some of the consequences of NLG have been compared with observation.

scholarly journals Giant Fibrovascular Polyp as an Unusual Cause of Globus Pharyngeus

2021 ◽  
pp. 014556132110039
Author(s):  
Jelena Sotirović ◽  
Ljubomir Pavićević ◽  
Stanko Petrović ◽  
Saša Ristić ◽  
Aleksandar Perić
Keyword(s):  
Differential Diagnosis ◽  
Asymptomatic Patient ◽  
Histopathological Examination ◽  
Complete Resection ◽  
Airway Compromise ◽  
Endoscopic Removal ◽  
Globus Sensation ◽  
Fibrovascular Polyp ◽  
History Of ◽  
Fatal Complications

Differential diagnosis of globus sensation in an otherwise asymptomatic patient should include hypopharyngeal fibrovascular polyp to avoid potentially fatal complications like airway compromise following regurgitation. We present a case of a 74-year-old man with a 13-cm long hypopharyngeal fibrovascular polyp with 9 months history of globus sensation. A narrow stalk of the giant polyp allowed endoscopic removal and complete resection with the CO2 laser. Histopathological examination was conclusive for the fibrovascular polyp.

scholarly journals Oriental Cholangiohepatitis in a Caucasian male

2021 ◽  
Vol 9 ◽  
pp. 2050313X2110355
Author(s):  
Laura Suzanne K Suarez ◽  
Larnelle N Simms ◽  
Khaled Deeb ◽  
Curtis E Scott
Keyword(s):  
Abdominal Pain ◽  
South Korea ◽  
Southeast Asia ◽  
Biliary Decompression ◽  
Caucasian Male ◽  
Extensive Evaluation ◽  
Recurrent Pyogenic Cholangitis ◽  
History Of

Recurrent pyogenic cholangitis (RPC) is a condition found almost exclusively in individuals who lived in Southeast Asia. We report a case of a Caucasian veteran diagnosed with RPC after presenting with a 5-year history of recurrent fevers and abdominal pain 20 years after serving in Japan, South Korea, and Guam. Extensive evaluation led to the diagnosis of RPC with improvement after biliary decompression and antibiotics. Although rare, RPC should be considered in individuals who present with recurrent bouts of abdominal pain and fevers regardless of race.

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