scholarly journals Economic technology analysis of LTE advanced pro dual spectrum licensed and unlicensed access using discounted cash flow methods

Author(s):  
Setiyo Budiyanto ◽  
Erman Al Hakim ◽  
Fajar Rahayu

<p>Since implementing the long term evolution (LTE) technology, the surge in data service traffic has increased, causing an increase in demand spectrum, which has resulted in gaps in capacity requirements. Wireless service providers can respond to LTE technology updates. With LTE advanced pro technology that utilizes unlicensed spectrum technology can provide solutions to increase capacity and throughput. In this study, LTE advanced pro planning by capacity method to find the number of eNodeB and using the discounted cash flow method to analyze the feasibility of the costs to be invested in the implementation of the LTE. The results of the four simulated scenarios concluded that the number of eNodeB from the IV scenario with 20 MHz bandwidth at 1800 MHz frequency and 20 MHz bandwidth at 5 GHz frequency amounted to 23 sites, with a positive NPV value of $ 271,936.96, IRR of 14.91%, and for payback period occurred in the 3rd year. Thus the fourth scenario is feasible to be implemented.</p>

Do special considerations apply to valuation in the case of large global chemical distributors? This study seeks to identify whether Income-based Discounted Cash Flow method based on projected future income would be suitable to value international chemical distributors. Two- and Three-stage Discounted Cash Flow models will be used. The expected companies’ enterprise and equity value are compared with the existing companies’ valuations. A base, bear and bull case scenario will be set up to establish the range of the company’s value for comparison with the existing valuation. This study adopts a single multiple-case study approach where actual financial data from three of the world’s largest chemical distributors were used to establish the existing companies’ valuation to demonstrate the validity and applicability of the Discounted Cash Flow method for sensitivity analysis.


Author(s):  
McLachlan Campbell ◽  
Shore Laurence ◽  
Weiniger Matthew

Chapter 9 examines the obligation upon the State committing the international wrong to make reparation through restitution or monetary compensation. It first considers the international law standards of compensation for expropriation before proceeding to discuss the range of options adopted in practice by arbitral tribunals. It then looks at practical application of the main methods of valuation used to determine the appropriate level of compensation, particularly the ‘discounted cash flow’ method, along with the issue of causation in international law. The chapter concludes with an analysis of five topics that are assuming greater practical importance in the approach of arbitral tribunals to remedies: the award of moral damages in exceptional circumstances; the claimant’s duties of mitigation of loss; the potential for the availability of non-pecuniary remedies; interest; and costs.


2021 ◽  
Vol 4 (2) ◽  
pp. 210-217
Author(s):  
Grace Levina Dewi ◽  
Suhatati Tjandra ◽  
Setya Ardhi ◽  
Alfira Jessica

In terms of establishing and nurturing startups, finances are required to ensure their long-term viability. Startups at this stage require the support of investors as financial backers. The dearth of forums for promoting companies makes it difficult for developers to get traction and attract investors. The bidding method for entrepreneurs and investors was designed with these limits in mind. The waterfall concept is used in the design of this offering system, in which the website design is completed consecutively from beginning to end. The purpose of this website's design is to make it easier for developers to advertise startups or "products," to create possibilities for developers to meet investors indirectly, and to make it easier for investors to analyze startups with future potential. Startups are classified according to their valuation value; the Discounted Cash Flow approach was used to calculate the valuation for this website design


Author(s):  
Victoria Bataeva

This paper analyzes the M&A deal of Rostelecom and Tele2 Russia in order to evaluate the synergy effect as a result of consolidation. Discounted cash flow method is applied to determine the companies’ enterprise values. As a result of the research, synergy is equal 38 003 million rubles and the M&A deal is recognized as an effective one.


Author(s):  
Doina Pacurari ◽  
Mircea Muntean

The appreciation of the performances of the enterprise are made, as a rule, by ways of indicators which are of accounting type, the result of financial exercise, profit or loss, being mostly used. This result can be determined differently, according to approaches of patrimonial, economic or financial nature. Due to the handling potential of this indicator, the attention of the analysts focused in time also on other computing patterns, uninfluenced by the accounting methods and techniques used by the enterprise. The investors’ need of information determined the conception of some performance computing models based on the concept of creating value for the shareholders. Among these, those which express the ability of the enterprise to create value on long term, based on discounted cash flow, are the most appreciated. Nevertheless, within the Romanian economic context, the most used performance indicators are still of accounting nature for being accessible and understandable.


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