Abstract 16186: Intravascular Ultrasound-guided Surgical Unroofing in Symptomatic Patients With Myocardial Bridging of the Left Anterior Descending Artery

Circulation ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 142 (Suppl_3) ◽  
Author(s):  
Takehiro Hashikata ◽  
Yasuhiro Honda ◽  
Hanjay Wang ◽  
Vedant S Pargaonkar ◽  
M Brooke Hollak ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Clinical Symptoms ◽  
Obstructive Coronary Artery Disease ◽  
Summary Score ◽  
Plaque Burden ◽  
Compression Rate ◽  
Cardiac Events ◽  
Myocardial Bridging ◽  
Adverse Cardiac Events ◽  
Angina Frequency ◽  
Artery Disease

Introduction: Myocardial bridging (MB) has been shown to cause significant clinical symptoms or adverse cardiac events in patients with no obstructive coronary artery disease. In contrast to medical therapy or stent placement with controversial efficacy, surgical unroofing (supra-arterial myotomy) of MB is considered to directly address the pathology with durable normalization of the altered hemodynamics. In this context, preoperative IVUS assessment can provide a precise map of the MB to guide the unroofing procedure, but it remains unclear if any IVUS parameter is related to the efficacy of this treatment. Methods: We evaluated 94 consecutive patients who underwent MB unroofing with serial (preoperative and 6-month follow-up) angina assessments using the Seattle Angina Questionnaire (SAQ). The primary outcome was the SAQ summary score, obtained by averaging the scores of physical limitation, angina frequency, and quality of life. Preoperative IVUS determined total MB length, halo thickness, arterial compression rate, maximal plaque burden upstream of MB, and septal branches originating in the tunneled LAD segment. Results: In all cases, preoperative IVUS successfully offered a geographic MB map with quantitative characteristics: MB length = 27.5 (20.2 to 40.3) mm, halo thickness = 0.54 (0.41 to 0.75) mm, arterial compression rate = 34 (26 to 43)%, and plaque burden = 34 (20 to 46)% [median (range) for all]. MB unroofing resulted in significant symptomatic improvements across all scales of SAQ (p<0.001 for all) as well as the SAQ summary score (Figure), without any death or major complications. No significant correlation was observed between the preoperative IVUS parameters and the change in SAQ summary score after the surgery. Conclusions: IVUS-guided surgical unroofing safely and effectively achieved significant symptomatic improvements in patients with MB, regardless of the morphologic or morphometric MB characteristics assessed by preoperative IVUS.

scholarly journals Prognostic Value of Atherosclerotic Extent in Diabetic Patients with Non-Obstructive Coronary Artery Disease

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Zinuan Liu ◽  
Yipu Ding ◽  
Guanhua Dou ◽  
Xia Yang ◽  
Xi Wang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Coronary Artery Disease ◽  
Sensitivity Analysis ◽  
Coronary Artery ◽  
Prognostic Value ◽  
Obstructive Coronary Artery Disease ◽  
Diabetic Patients ◽  
Cardiac Events ◽  
Adverse Cardiac Events ◽  
Artery Disease

Abstract Background: The prognostic value of non-obstructive CAD has always been underestimated due to its moderate stenosis. Whether the atherosclerotic extent is related to the prognosis in this group of people is uncertain, especially in the presence of diabetes. We aim to investigate the prognostic value of atherosclerotic extent in diabetic patients with non-obstructive coronary artery disease (CAD).Method: The analysis was based on a single center cohort of diabetic patients referred for coronary computed tomography angiography (CCTA) due to suspect CAD. Major adverse cardiac events (MACEs) were recorded, including cardiovascular death, non-fatal myocardial infarction, stroke and unstable angina (UA) requiring hospitalization. Four groups were defined based on coronary stenosis combined with segment involvement score (SIS), a semiquantitative index of the extent of atherosclerosis, including normal, non-obstructive SIS<3, non-obstructive SIS≥3 and obstructive. Time to event was estimated by using multivariable Cox proportional hazards models. Leidon risk score was used to replace SIS for sensitivity analysis.Results: In total, 1241 patients were included (age 60.2±10.4 years, 54.1% male), experiencing 131 MACEs (10.6%) during a median follow-up of 2.6 years. Diabetic patients with non-obstructive CAD accounts for 50.2% of included population（N=623）. In multi-variate Cox model adjusting for age, gender, hyperlipidemia and presence of high-risk plaque, hazard ratio (HR) for SIS < 3 and SIS ≥ 3 in non-obstructive CAD were 1.84 (95%CI: 0.70-4.79) and 3.71 (95%CI: 1.37-10.00) respectively.The latter showed a higher risk of cardiac adverse events than the former group（HR：2.02 95%CI:1.11-3.68, p＝0.021）, while HR for obstructive CAD was 5.46 (95%CI: 2.18-13.69). Sensitivity analysis was performed using Leidon Risk Score instead of SIS. After adjustment, HR for Leidon ≥ 5 with non-obstructive disease was 1.92（95% CI: 1.06-3.48 p=0.032）in comparison to the non-obstructive group of Leidon < 5.Conclusion: In diabetic patients with non-obstructive CAD, atherosclerotic extent was associated with higher risk of major adverse cardiac events at long-term follow-up. Efforts should be made to determine risk stratification for the management of DM patients with non-obstructive CAD.

scholarly journals Adverse Cardiac Events Risks of Non-Obstructive Coronary Artery Disease by Cardiac CT Angiography at One-Year Follow-Up: Results of the Coronary Risk Determination in Intermediate Stratum Coronary CT Angiography (CORDISC) Study

2021 ◽  
Vol 7 (01) ◽  
pp. 1-8
Author(s):  
Somto Nwaedozie ◽  
Chuyang Zhong ◽  
Peter Umukoro ◽  
Paul Yeung-Lai-Wah ◽  
Rachel Gabor ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Coronary Artery ◽  
Coronary Arteries ◽  
Cardiac Ct ◽  
Obstructive Coronary Artery Disease ◽  
Cardiac Events ◽  
Normal Coronary Arteries ◽  
Adverse Cardiac Events ◽  
All Cause Mortality ◽  
Artery Disease ◽  
One Year

We conducted a retrospective cohort study of the adverse events at one year post-cardiac computed tomography (cardiac CT) using data gathered from the Marshfield Clinic Health System (MCHS) Cardiac CT registry to compare non-fatal myocardial infarction (MI), revascularization, all-cause mortality, and composite major adverse cardiac events (MACE) one year following cardiac CT in patients with non-obstructive coronary artery disease (CAD) and normal coronary arteries. From 2009 to 2017, the records of 2,649 patients who underwent cardiac CT were reviewed. CAD detected by cardiac CT was defined as normal (0% luminal stenosis) and non-obstructive (1-49% luminal stenosis). Clinical outcomes were nonfatal MI, revascularization, including percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI) or coronary artery bypass graft (CABG), all-cause mortality, and MACE. Cohorts were compared using t-tests and Fisher exact tests, and a logistic regression was performed to assess risk of clinical outcomes at one year. Compared with patients with normal coronary arteries, patients with non-obstructive coronary disease on cardiac CT had higher event rates of MACE (3.7% vs. 1.2%; P =0.006), revascularization (1.1% vs. 0.2%; P=0.033), and all-cause mortality (1.7% vs. 0.4%; P=0.012). After adjusting for baseline difference in demographics, risk factors, and medication use, the odds ratio of revascularization was 3.77 (95% CI: 1.03,13.79) and MACEs was 2.06 (95% CI: 0.94,4.51). Symptomatic congenital heart diseases accounted for about 50% of the non-death MACEs. Cardiac CT-defined non-obstructive CAD was associated with higher rates of revascularization, all-cause mortality and MACE compared to those with normal coronary arteries.

scholarly journals Prognostic Value of Atherosclerotic Extent in Diabetic Patients with Non-Obstructive Coronary Artery Disease

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yipu Ding ◽  
Zinuan Liu ◽  
Guanhua Dou ◽  
Xia Yang ◽  
Xi Wang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Coronary Artery Disease ◽  
Coronary Artery ◽  
High Risk ◽  
Prognostic Value ◽  
Obstructive Coronary Artery Disease ◽  
High Risk Group ◽  
Plaque Burden ◽  
Diabetic Patients ◽  
Cardiac Events ◽  
Artery Disease

Abstract Background and Objective: Atherosclerotic extent was approved to be associated with adverse cardiac events. Risk score derived by coronary computed tomography angiography (CCTA) could identify high-risk group among patients with non-obstructive coronary artery disease (CAD) but its ability is still uncertain in the presence of diabetes mellitus (DM). The purpose of this study was to investigate the prognostic value of the plaque burden shown by CCTA in diabetic patients with non-obstructive CAD.Methods and Results: 813 DM patients (age 58.9±9.9 years, 48.1% male) referred for CCTA due to suspect CAD in 2015-2017 were consecutively included. During a median follow-up of 31.77 months, 50 MACEs (6.15%) were experienced, including 2 cardiovascular deaths, 14 non-fatal myocardial infarction, 27 unstable angina requiring hospitalization and 7 strokes. 3 groups were defined based on coronary stenosis combined with Leidon score, as normal, non-obstructive Leidon<5, and non-obstructive Leidon≥5. Cox models was used to assess the prognosis of plaque burden within these groups. An incremental incidence of outcome event rates was observed. After adjustment for age, gender, and presence of high-risk plaque, the group of Leidon≥5 showed a higher risk than Leidon<5 in non-obstructive CAD (HR:1.88 95%CI:1.03-3.42, p＝0.039). Similar results were illustrated when segment involvement score was used for sensitivity analysis.Conclusion: Atherosclerotic extent was associated with the prognosis of DM patients with non-obstructive coronary disease, highlighting the importance of better risk stratification and management.

Abstract 24: Non-Obstructive Coronary Artery Disease Is Not Benign: Insights from the VA CART Program on the Association between Non-Obstructive Disease and Cardiac Events

2014 ◽  
Vol 7 (suppl_1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Thomas M Maddox ◽  
Maggie Stanislawski ◽  
Gary Grunwald ◽  
Steven Bradley ◽  
P. Michael Ho ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Proportional Hazards ◽  
Obstructive Coronary Artery Disease ◽  
Cox Proportional Hazards ◽  
Cardiac Care ◽  
Cardiac Events ◽  
Adverse Cardiac Events ◽  
All Cause Mortality ◽  
Secondary Analyses ◽  
Artery Disease

Introduction: The traditional focus of cardiac care on obstructive (>70% stenosis) CAD potentially distracts from the risks inherent in non-obstructive CAD. However, surprisingly little is known about non-obstructive CAD outcomes. Therefore, we determined the association between non-obstructive CAD and cardiovascular outcomes. Methods: Using the national VA CART program, we studied all veterans undergoing elective coronary angiography for angina between October 2007 and September 2012. Patients were categorized by CAD extent (none (no stenosis >20%), non-obstructive (no stenosis >=70%), obstructive (any stenosis >=70%)) and distribution (1, 2, or 3 vessel), and assessed for major adverse cardiac events (MACE), defined as all-cause mortality and MI. We adjusted for demographic, clinical, and treatment factors using Cox proportional hazards modeling. Secondary analyses sub-divided non-obstructive CAD into mild (20-49% stenosis) and moderate (50-69% stenosis) disease. Results: During the study period, 40,872 veterans underwent catheterization. Of these, 8411 (20.6%) had no CAD, 5219 (17.7%) had 1V non-obstructive CAD, 3034 (10.3%) had 2V non-obstructive CAD, 1388 (4.7%) had 3V non-obstructive CAD, 8588 (29.1%) had 1V obstructive, 5227 (17.7%) had 2V obstructive, and 6017 (20.4%) had 3V/LM obstructive CAD. MACE rates progressively increased with increasing CAD severity (Figure). This association persisted after risk adjustment (HR 1.28 (1.08, 1.51) for 1V non-obstructive, 1.29 (1.08, 1.52) 2V non-obstructive, 1.44 (1.12, 1.86) 3V non-obstructive, 1.93 (1.64, 2.28) 1V obstructive, 2.73 (2.28, 3.27) 2V obstructive, and 2.98 (2.52, 3.53) 3V/LM obstructive CAD)). A trend toward higher MACE in moderate 3V non-obstructive compared to 1V obstructive CAD (HR 1.34 (0.71, 2.52)) was noted. Conclusions: Non-obstructive CAD, relative to no CAD, is associated with 28-44% higher odds of MACE. MACE risk progressively increases by CAD extent, rather than abruptly increasing between non-obstructive and obstructive CAD. The risks of adverse events were similar for 3V non-obstructive CAD and 1V obstructive CAD, highlighting the limitations of a dichotomous characterization of angiographic CAD and a need to recognize the risks inherent in non-obstructive CAD.

scholarly journals Myocardial infarction with non-obstructive coronary arteries as compared with myocardial infarction and obstructive coronary disease: outcomes in a Medicare population

2019 ◽  
Vol 41 (7) ◽  
pp. 870-878 ◽  
Author(s):  
Rachel P Dreyer ◽  
Rosanna Tavella ◽  
Jeptha P Curtis ◽  
Yongfei Wang ◽  
Sivabaskari Pauspathy ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Myocardial Infarction ◽  
Coronary Angiography ◽  
Coronary Arteries ◽  
Obstructive Coronary Artery Disease ◽  
Cardiac Events ◽  
Data Registry ◽  
Adverse Cardiac Events ◽  
Secondary Endpoints ◽  
Observational Cohort ◽  
Artery Disease

Abstract Aims The prognosis of patients with MINOCA (myocardial infarction with non-obstructive coronary arteries) is poorly understood. We examined major adverse cardiac events (MACE) defined as all-cause mortality, re-hospitalization for acute myocardial infarction (AMI), heart failure (HF), or stroke 12-months post-AMI in patients with MINOCA versus AMI patients with obstructive coronary artery disease (MICAD). Methods and results Multicentre, observational cohort study of patients with AMI (≥65 years) from the National Cardiovascular Data Registry CathPCI Registry (July 2009–December 2013) who underwent coronary angiography with linkage to the Centers for Medicare and Medicaid (CMS) claims data. Patients were classified as MICAD or MINOCA by the presence or absence of an epicardial vessel with ≥50% stenosis. The primary endpoint was MACE at 12 months, and secondary endpoints included the components of MACE over 12 months. Among 286 780 AMI admissions (276 522 unique patients), 16 849 (5.9%) had MINOCA. The 12-month rates of MACE (18.7% vs. 27.6%), mortality (12.3% vs. 16.7%), and re-hospitalization for AMI (1.3% vs. 6.1%) and HF (5.9% vs. 9.3%) were significantly lower for MINOCA vs. MICAD patients (P &lt; 0.001), but was similar between MINOCA and MICAD patients for re-hospitalization for stroke (1.6% vs. 1.4%, P = 0.128). Following risk-adjustment, MINOCA patients had a 43% lower risk of MACE over 12 months (hazard ratio = 0.57, 95% confidence interval 0.55–0.59), in comparison to MICAD patients. This pattern was similar for adjusted risks of the MACE components. Conclusion This study confirms an unfavourable prognosis in elderly patients with MINOCA undergoing coronary angiography, with one in five patients with MINOCA suffering a major adverse event over 12 months.

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