scholarly journals Life Worth Mentioning: Complexity in Life-Like Cellular Automata

2021 ◽  
Vol 27 (2) ◽  
pp. 105-112
Author(s):  
Eric Peña ◽  
Hiroki Sayama
Keyword(s):  
Cellular Automata ◽  
Quantitative Comparison ◽  
High Density ◽  
Optimal Complexity ◽  
Complex Dynamic ◽  
Game Of Life ◽  
Basic Ingredient ◽  
Computational Universality ◽  
Global Patterns ◽  
Dynamic Patterns

Abstract Cellular automata (CA) have been lauded for their ability to generate complex global patterns from simple local rules. The late English mathematician, John Horton Conway, developed his illustrious Game of Life (Life) CA in 1970, which has since remained one of the most quintessential CA constructions—capable of producing a myriad of complex dynamic patterns and computational universality. Life and several other Life-like rules have been classified in the same group of aesthetically and dynamically interesting CA rules characterized by their complex behaviors. However, a rigorous quantitative comparison among similarly classified Life-like rules has not yet been fully established. Here we show that Life is capable of maintaining as much complexity as similar rules while remaining the most parsimonious. In other words, Life contains a consistent amount of complexity throughout its evolution, with the least number of rule conditions compared to other Life-like rules. We also found that the complexity of higher density Life-like rules, which themselves contain the Life rule as a subset, form a distinct concave density-complexity relationship whereby an optimal complexity candidate is proposed. Our results also support the notion that Life functions as the basic ingredient for cultivating the balance between structure and randomness to maintain complexity in 2D CA for low- and high-density regimes, especially over many iterations. This work highlights the genius of John Horton Conway and serves as a testament to his timeless marvel, which is referred to simply as: Life.

Phase Transition in Elementary Cellular Automata with Memory

2014 ◽  
Vol 24 (09) ◽  
pp. 1450116 ◽  
Author(s):  
Shigeru Ninagawa ◽  
Andrew Adamatzky ◽  
Ramón Alonso-Sanz
Keyword(s):  
Cellular Automata ◽  
State Transition ◽  
Time Interval ◽  
Complex Behavior ◽  
Weighted Function ◽  
Transition Functions ◽  
Elementary Cellular Automata ◽  
Computational Universality ◽  
With Memory ◽  
Time Automaton

We study elementary cellular automata with memory. The memory is a weighted function averaged over cell states in a time interval, with a varying factor which determines how strongly a cell's previous states contribute to the cell's present state. We classify selected cell-state transition functions based on Lempel–Ziv compressibility of space-time automaton configurations generated by these functions and the spectral analysis of their transitory behavior. We focus on rules 18, 22, and 54 because they exhibit the most intriguing behavior, including computational universality. We show that a complex behavior is observed near the nonmonotonous transition to null behavior (rules 18 and 54) or during the monotonic transition from chaotic to periodic behavior (rule 22).

scholarly journals MPI implementations of Conways Game of Life and Kohomoto-Oono cellular automata

2010 ◽  
Vol 2 (3) ◽  
pp. 319-322
Author(s):  
Anna Yur'evna Subbotina ◽  
Nikolai Igorevich Khokhlov
Keyword(s):  
Cellular Automata ◽  
Game Of Life

scholarly journals Simulation of Evacuation Characteristics Using a 2-Dimensional Cellular Automata Model for Pedestrian Dynamics

2013 ◽  
Vol 2013 ◽  
pp. 1-8 ◽  
Author(s):  
Liqiang Ji ◽  
Yongsheng Qian ◽  
Junwei Zeng ◽  
Min Wang ◽  
Dejie Xu ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Cellular Automata ◽  
High Density ◽  
Force Model ◽  
Environment Interaction ◽  
Social Force ◽  
Public Places ◽  
Pedestrian Dynamics ◽  
Repulsion Force ◽  
The People ◽  
Ca Model

In public places, the high pedestrian density is one of the direct causes leading to crowding and trample disaster, so it is very necessary to investigate the collective and evacuation characteristics for pedestrian movement. In the occupants’ evacuation process, the people-people interaction and the people-environment interaction are sufficiently considered in this paper, which have been divided into the exit attraction, the repulsion force between people, the friction between people, the repulsion force between human and barrier, and the attraction of surrounding people. Through analyzing the existing models, a new occupant evacuation cellular automata (CA) model based on the social force model is presented, which overcomes the shortage of the high density crowd simulation and combines the advantages that CA has sample rules and faster calculating speed. The simulating result shows a great applicability for evacuation under the high density crowd condition, and the segregation phenomena have also been found in the bidirectional pedestrian flow. Besides these, setting isolated belt near the exit or entrance of underpass not only remarkably decreases the density and the risk of tramper disaster but also increases the evacuation efficiency, so it provides a new idea for infrastructure design about the exits and entrances.

EMERGENCE OF UNICELLULAR ORGANISMS FROM A SIMPLE GENERALIZED CELLULAR AUTOMATA

1999 ◽  
Vol 09 (06) ◽  
pp. 1219-1236 ◽  
Author(s):  
RADU DOGARU ◽  
LEON O. CHUA
Keyword(s):  
Cellular Automata ◽  
Piecewise Linear ◽  
Living Systems ◽  
Initial Condition ◽  
Nonlinear Coupling ◽  
Game Of Life ◽  
Dynamical Behaviors ◽  
Unicellular Organisms

The goal of this letter is to report a novel class of dynamical behaviors observed from a generalized cellular automata CNN [Chua, 1998] with piecewise-linear (PWL) cells. Starting from an almost homogeneous initial condition, self-making (autopoietic in the sense of [Varela et al., 1974]) patterns, reminiscent of simple living systems, emerge as a result of the nonlinear coupling among cells. Similar to patterns of organization characterizing living systems, our patterns display features such as growth, maturity and death. The discovery of such patterns was made possible via mutations in several piecewise-linear CNN cell realizations of the "Game of Life" [Conway, 1982].

scholarly journals Conway's game of life and the ecosystem represented by Uexküll's concept of Umwelt

2001 ◽  
Vol 29 (1) ◽  
pp. 63-69
Author(s):  
Solomon Marcus
Keyword(s):  
Cellular Automata ◽  
Mathematical Ecology ◽  
Ecological Processes ◽  
Game Of Life ◽  
Grammar Systems ◽  
Conway’S Game Of Life

Inspired by a mathematical ecology of thearre (M. Dinu) and the eco-grammar systems (E. Csuhaj-Varju et al.), this paper gives a brief analysis of simple cellular automata games in order to demonstrate their primary semiotic features. In particular, the behaviour of configurations in Conway's game of life is compared to several general features of Uexküll's concept of Umwelt. It is concluded that ecological processes have a fundamental semiotic dimension.

scholarly journals Segmentation of Brain MRI with Tumor by Image Overlapping using Cellular Automata

2019 ◽  
Vol 8 (4) ◽  
pp. 8487-8490
Keyword(s):  
Cellular Automata ◽  
Brain Mri ◽  
Medical Science ◽  
Human Beings ◽  
New Approach ◽  
Medical Practitioners ◽  
Game Of Life ◽  
Segmented Image ◽  
Gray Level Image ◽  
Conway’S Game Of Life

In order to improve the health care reach, we need efficient and fast computer aided simulation processes or algorithms. When some change is found in pathological reports and biomedical quantities, the person is susceptible to diseases. If the diseases are detected earlier then there can be increase in the rate of mortality. Tumor is one such disease which has been seen to be one of the most fatal for human beings. Detecting and removing tumor is big challenge for medical practitioners. Medical image processing can be used through cellular automata has proven to be one of the fast and reliable method for detection of tumor cells. To study the capabilities of medical science CA’s are being used extensively, as they are useful in studying the selfreproducing biological systems. Purpose: This paper presents an algorithm for segmentation of MRI image through cellular automata, using Conway’s Game of Life. A new approach is being used in this paper, first the image is converted into gray level image. Then edge detection is done for this image using Game of Life. This edge detected image is overlapped with the gray scale image to get the resulted segmented image as an output. Materials and Methods: In order to run the proposed algorithm MATLAB2019b is used and the images are obtained. Results: Algorithm was used on different MRI’s and the results were taken.

scholarly journals Categorization of complex dynamic patterns in the human brain

2005 ◽  
Vol 5 (8) ◽  
pp. 847-847
Author(s):  
P. Sarkheil ◽  
J. Jastorff ◽  
M. Giese ◽  
Z. Kourtzi
Keyword(s):  
Human Brain ◽  
Complex Dynamic ◽  
Dynamic Patterns
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