scholarly journals Prefrontal Control of Familiarity and Recollection in Working Memory

2010 ◽  
Vol 22 (2) ◽  
pp. 323-330 ◽  
Author(s):  
Eva Feredoes ◽  
Bradley R. Postle
Keyword(s):  
Working Memory ◽  
Individual Differences ◽  
Transcranial Magnetic Stimulation ◽  
Magnetic Stimulation ◽  
Repetitive Transcranial Magnetic Stimulation ◽  
Inferior Frontal Gyrus ◽  
Left Inferior Frontal Gyrus ◽  
Memory Probe ◽  
Neural Substrate ◽  
Familiarity And Recollection

Left inferior frontal gyrus (IFG) is a critical neural substrate for the resolution of proactive interference (PI) in working memory. We hypothesized that left IFG achieves this by controlling the influence of familiarity- versus recollection-based information about memory probes. Consistent with this idea, we observed evidence for an early (200 msec)-peaking signal corresponding to memory probe familiarity and a late (500 msec)-resolving signal corresponding to full accrual of trial-related contextual (“recollection-based”) information. Next, we applied brief trains of repetitive transcranial magnetic stimulation (rTMS) time locked to these mnemonic signals, to left IFG and to a control region. Only early rTMS of left IFG produced a modulation of the false alarm rate for high-PI probes. Additionally, the magnitude of this effect was predicted by individual differences in susceptibility to PI. These results suggest that left IFG-based control may bias the influence of familiarity- and recollection-based signals on recognition decisions.

scholarly journals Effect of Repetitive Transcranial Magnetic Stimulation on the Right Superior Temporal Gyrus for Severe Aphasia Caused by Damage to the Left Inferior Frontal Gyrus

2019 ◽  
Vol 11 (2) ◽  
pp. 189-198 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mimpei Kawamura ◽  
Nobuhiro Takahashi ◽  
Yasutaka Kobayashi
Keyword(s):  
Transcranial Magnetic Stimulation ◽  
Magnetic Stimulation ◽  
Repetitive Transcranial Magnetic Stimulation ◽  
Inferior Frontal Gyrus ◽  
Low Frequency ◽  
Superior Temporal Gyrus ◽  
Verbal Expression ◽  
Left Inferior Frontal Gyrus ◽  
The Right ◽  
Low Frequency Rtms

Several reports on repetitive transcranial magnetic stimulation (rTMS) for the treatment of aphasia caused by damage to the left inferior frontal gyrus state that low-frequency rTMS therapy for the right inferior frontal gyrus, which is contralateral to the focus area, is effective for improving verbal expression. However, most of these reports have studied the effects of rTMS therapy for comparatively mild aphasia. This study attempted to perform low-frequency rTMS on the right posterior superior temporal gyrus (BA22), which is the center for language reception for aphasia patients with a drastic decline in verbal expression due to damage to the left inferior frontal gyrus and a considerable decline in language perception. The participants performed a language task that was displayed on a computer monitor during rTMS. In addition, intensive speech-language and hearing therapy was performed by the therapist after rTMS. This study reports that a resultant improvement in language perception was observed in the activated brain regions based on neuropsychological tests and functional magnetic resonance imaging. This study is considered to be significant as it highlights a new method of rTMS treatment for severe aphasia.

scholarly journals Predictive Role of Executive Function in the Efficacy of Intermittent Theta Burst Transcranial Magnetic Stimulation Modalities for Treating Methamphetamine Use Disorder—A Randomized Clinical Trial

2021 ◽  
Vol 12 ◽  
Author(s):  
Li-Jin Wang ◽  
Lin-Lin Mu ◽  
Zi-Xuan Ren ◽  
Hua-Jun Tang ◽  
Ya-Dong Wei ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Clinical Trial ◽  
Working Memory ◽  
Executive Function ◽  
Transcranial Magnetic Stimulation ◽  
Magnetic Stimulation ◽  
Repetitive Transcranial Magnetic Stimulation ◽  
Therapeutic Effects ◽  
Sham Stimulation ◽  
Theta Burst ◽  
Stimulation Group

Background: Repetitive transcranial magnetic stimulation (rTMS) has therapeutic effects on craving in methamphetamine (METH) use disorder (MUD). The chronic abuse of METH causes impairments in executive function, and improving executive function reduces relapse and improves treatment outcomes for drug use disorder. The purpose of this study was to determine whether executive function helped predict patients' responses to rTMS treatment.Methods: This study employed intermittent theta burst stimulation (iTBS) rTMS modalities and observed their therapeutic effects on executive function and craving in MUD patients. MUD patients from an isolated Drug Rehabilitation Institute in China were chosen and randomly allocated to the iTBS group and sham-stimulation group. All participants underwent the Behavior Rating Inventory of Executive Function - Adult Version Scale (BRIEF-A) and Visual Analog Scales (VAS) measurements. Sixty-five healthy adults matched to the general condition of MUD patients were also recruited as healthy controls.Findings: Patients with MUD had significantly worse executive function. iTBS groups had better treatment effects on the MUD group than the sham-stimulation group. Further Spearman rank correlation and stepwise multivariate regression analysis revealed that reduction rates of the total score of the BRIEF-A and subscale scores of the inhibition factor and working memory factor in the iTBS group positively correlated with improvements in craving. ROC curve analysis showed that working memory (AUC = 87.4%; 95% CI = 0.220, 0.631) and GEC (AUC = 0.761%; 95% CI = 0.209, 0.659) had predictive power to iTBS therapeutic efficacy. The cutoff values are 13.393 and 59.804, respectively.Conclusions: The iTBS rTMS had a better therapeutic effect on the executive function of patients with MUD, and the improved executive function had the potential to become a predictor for the efficacy of iTBS modality for MUD treatment.Clinical Trial Registration:ClinicalTrials.gov, identifier: ChiCTR2100046954.

State-Dependent Effects of Prefrontal Repetitive Transcranial Magnetic Stimulation on Emotional Working Memory

2013 ◽  
Vol 6 (6) ◽  
pp. 905-912 ◽  
Author(s):  
Anne Weigand ◽  
Aline Richtermeier ◽  
Melanie Feeser ◽  
Jia Shen Guo ◽  
Benny B. Briesemeister ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Working Memory ◽  
Transcranial Magnetic Stimulation ◽  
Magnetic Stimulation ◽  
Repetitive Transcranial Magnetic Stimulation ◽  
State Dependent

Excitatory Deep Transcranial Magnetic Stimulation With H-Coil Over the Right Homologous Broca’s Region Improves Naming in Chronic Post-stroke Aphasia

2013 ◽  
Vol 28 (3) ◽  
pp. 291-298 ◽  
Author(s):  
Raffaella Chieffo ◽  
Federico Ferrari ◽  
Petronilla Battista ◽  
Elise Houdayer ◽  
Arturo Nuara ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Transcranial Magnetic Stimulation ◽  
Magnetic Stimulation ◽  
Right Hemisphere ◽  
Repetitive Transcranial Magnetic Stimulation ◽  
Random Sequence ◽  
Inferior Frontal Gyrus ◽  
Naming Task ◽  
Broca’S Region ◽  
The Right

Background. The role of the right hemisphere in poststroke aphasia recovery is still controversial and the effects of repetitive transcranial magnetic stimulation (rTMS) over the right homologous Broca’s region have been seldom investigated. Objective. This study aimed to compare the effect of excitatory, inhibitory, and sham rTMS delivered with H-coil over the right inferior frontal gyrus in chronic aphasic patients. Methods. Five right-handed poststroke aphasic patients underwent a picture naming task before and immediately after each of 3 sessions of rTMS: excitatory (10 Hz), inhibitory (1 Hz), and sham rTMS, in random sequence and separated by at least 1 week. Results. Only the excitatory 10-Hz stimulation was associated with a significant improvement in naming performance ( P = .043) and was significantly more effective than 1-Hz rTMS ( P = .043). Conclusions. A single session of excitatory deep brain rTMS over the right inferior frontal gyrus with H-coil significantly improves naming in right-handed chronic poststroke aphasic patients. This result is in line with the hypothesis of a positive, rather than detrimental, role of the right hemisphere in chronic aphasia due to a left-hemispheric stroke.

Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document