scholarly journals The Contribution of Integrated Marine Policies to Marine Environmental Protection: The Case of Norway

2021 ◽  
pp. 1-31
Author(s):  
Lena Schøning
Keyword(s):  
Environmental Protection ◽  
Best Practice ◽  
Sustainable Use ◽  
Problem Analysis ◽  
Marine Management ◽  
Management Regime ◽  
Environmental Objectives ◽  
Marine Environmental Protection ◽  
Marine Areas ◽  
Marine Environmental

Abstract This article investigates the contribution of the Norwegian integrated marine management (IMM) plans to marine environmental protection and conservation. These plans have been described as international best practice, and the government’s goal is ‘for Norway to be a pioneer in developing an integrated ecosystem-based management regime for marine areas’. The plans pursue other objectives, including sustainable use and value creation, but this article focuses on their contribution to environmental objectives. By means of a problem analysis, the article outlines three approaches to ‘marine environmental protection and conservation’ that contribute thereto in profoundly different ways. The contribution of the IMM plans to each of these approaches is examined, leading to the conclusion that two are embedded in the plans, which therefore primarily contribute to some reduced harm, as opposed to contributing to long-term marine environmental protection. This suggests that integrated marine plans and policies are relevant for more restricted environmental objectives.

scholarly journals Can we Make the Oceans Greener? The Successes and Failures of UNCLOS as an Environmental Treaty

2018 ◽  
Vol 49 (4) ◽  
pp. 573 ◽  
Author(s):  
Joanna Mossop
Keyword(s):  
Environmental Protection ◽  
Sustainable Use ◽  
Law Of The Sea ◽  
Incremental Development ◽  
Structural Problems ◽  
Marine Environmental Protection ◽  
Recent Developments ◽  
National Jurisdiction ◽  
The Law ◽  
Marine Environmental

At the conclusion of the United Nations Convention on the Law of the Sea (UNCLOS) in 1982, there was considerable optimism that the Convention would usher in a new age of marine environmental protection. This article argues that, while UNCLOS did contain important innovations for marine environmental protections, key structural problems prevented the Convention from fulfilling more optimistic predictions of success. Concepts such as freedom of the high seas and exclusive flag state jurisdiction as well as the lack of an effective institution with competence over the law of the sea generally have impeded progress. Instead, states have relied on incremental development to seek improvements in the law. The article evaluates whether two recent developments will progress the goal of marine environmental protection. First, a number of recent international judicial decisions interpreting treaty and customary principles of international law have clarified and extended state environmental obligations. Second, negotiations for a new treaty on the protection and sustainable use of biodiversity in areas beyond national jurisdiction offer hope that gaps in UNCLOS might be filled.

Part VII Inter-linkages with Other Regimes, Ch.49 Energy

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Redgwell Catherine
Keyword(s):  
Environmental Protection ◽  
Environmental Law ◽  
Energy And Environment ◽  
Law And Policy ◽  
Environmental Objectives ◽  
Marine Environmental Protection ◽  
Dominant Narratives ◽  
Energy Law ◽  
Marine Environmental

This chapter assesses the dominant narratives that emerge in discussion of energy and environment. One narrative is of energy activities as a pollution threat to be prevented, reduced, controlled, and eliminated. In another, more recent narrative, energy and environmental objectives are viewed more synergistically, and this is in the context of the role of energy—especially renewable energy and energy efficiency—in environmental protection and sustainable development. It is in the sustainable energy context that one sees some alignment, even convergence, of energy and environment. This convergence arises because environmental issues are increasingly drivers of energy law and policy, both nationally and internationally. In turn, response to the adverse impacts of energy activities is a key stimulus for the development of international environmental law, both substantively in fields such as nuclear energy and marine environmental protection, and procedurally, such as the duty to consult and to notify.

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