Legal Guarantees for the Safety of China’s Offshore Oil and Gas Facilities: Status, Defects and Countermeasures

2021 ◽  
pp. 1-26
Author(s):  
Shihui Cheng
Keyword(s):  
International Law ◽  
Oil And Gas ◽  
Chinese Government ◽  
Safety Zone ◽  
Fossil Energy ◽  
Law System ◽  
Domestic Legislation ◽  
Protection Systems ◽  
Offshore Oil And Gas ◽  
Offshore Oil

Abstract The safety of offshore oil and gas facilities is a deep concern in relation to the security of China’s fossil energy supply. At present, there are a series of international law protection systems with the offshore facility safety zone system as the core. Most of world’s major maritime countries have established offshore oil and gas facilities protection systems in the form of domestic legislation in accordance with relevant international law, and some of them have adopted measures expanding the scope of their safety zones to strengthen protection. However, there remain some defects in the existing international law system. Therefore, the Chinese government needs to promptly clarify its position on issues related to the offshore facilities safety zone system, and propose the formulation of a specialised convention.

scholarly journals Rachael Lorna Johnstone, Offshore Oil and Gas Development in the Arctic under International Law: Risk and Responsibility (Leiden: Brill, 2015)

2016 ◽  
Vol 11 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Bjarni Már Magnússon
Keyword(s):  
International Law ◽  
Oil And Gas ◽  
The Arctic ◽  
Oil And Gas Development ◽  
Offshore Oil And Gas ◽  
Offshore Oil

Book review of: Rachael Lorna Johnstone, Offshore Oil and Gas Development in the Arctic under International Law: Risk and Responsibility (Leiden, Brill), 2015, ISBN 978-90-042693-30, hardbound.

Use of Composite Materials in Protecting and Maintaining Subsea Equipment

2004 ◽  
Author(s):  
Wen-Tsuen Wang ◽  
Lou Watkins
Keyword(s):  
Composite Materials ◽  
Oil And Gas ◽  
Thermal Protection ◽  
Production Equipment ◽  
Premature Failure ◽  
Protection Systems ◽  
Subject Areas ◽  
The Subject ◽  
Offshore Oil And Gas ◽  
Offshore Oil

This paper summarizes many years of experience in designing and testing composite materials for use on offshore oil and gas pipelines and production equipment. It is the authors’ position that properly designed coatings and coverings can materially extend the life and safety of subsea equipment, whereas improper design can often contribute to premature failure and endanger both equipment and personnel. The principal applications of the authors’ research fall into four areas: (1) Buoyancy – providing buoyant lift to offset excessive weight of equipment in water; (2) Controlled Strength – providing precision compressibility to mitigate possible downhole annular pressure damage (3) Insulation – providing thermal protection against heat loss; and (4) Corrosion Protection – ensuring that all coatings work with (rather than against) cathodic protection systems. The potential for catastrophic damage in any or all of these areas is increasing daily as production moves into deeper water and hotter, higher-pressure wells. The paper presents case studies, cites test evidence, and suggests guidelines for designing composite materials that enhance safety in each of the subject areas. The resulting information will be useful to engineers, supervisors, and managers whose responsibility includes offshore design, maintenance, and safety.

Joint Development of Common Offshore oil and Gas Deposits: “Mere” State Practice or Customary International Law?

1999 ◽  
Vol 93 (4) ◽  
pp. 771-804 ◽  
Author(s):  
David M. Ong
Keyword(s):  
International Law ◽  
Oil And Gas ◽  
Migratory Fish ◽  
Migratory Species ◽  
Fish Stocks ◽  
Customary International Law ◽  
State Practice ◽  
United Nations Convention ◽  
Offshore Oil And Gas ◽  
Offshore Oil

The entry into force of the 1982 United Nations Convention on the Law of the Sea1 and its widespread ratification2 have renewed interest in the remaining gaps and ambiguities in its provisions on the control of shared marine resources. The discussion has recently focused on die regulation of common or transboundary fishing stocks3 and migratory species,4 a problem that was considered serious enough to merit the adoption of another multilateral convention. The 1995 Agreement on the Conservation and Management of Straddling Fish Stocks and Highly Migratory Fish Stocks5 was designed to resolve the increasing number of disputes on this issue.6

scholarly journals International Legal Security of Offshore Oil and Gas Installations within the Exclusive Economic Zone and the Continental Shelf

2020 ◽  
Vol 1 (12) ◽  
pp. 134-144
Author(s):  
N. S. Abramov
Keyword(s):  
Continental Shelf ◽  
International Law ◽  
Oil And Gas ◽  
Optimal Solution ◽  
Exclusive Economic Zone ◽  
The Arctic ◽  
Economic Zone ◽  
Legal Security ◽  
Offshore Oil And Gas ◽  
Offshore Oil

The purpose of the paper is to assess the effectiveness of international legal means of preventing modern threats aimed at offshore oil and gas installations, and to find the optimal solution to eliminate the identified shortcomings. The stated goal determines two key tasks — an analysis of the applicable norms of international law and an analysis of the practice of their implementation. The first part of the paper discusses the development of the concept of security zones as the main international legal means ensuring the protection of installations within the exclusive economic zone and the continental shelf. The second part examines the practice of states in enforcing laws and regulations aimed at organizing the safety of facilities in the context of the conclusions reached by international judicial authorities in the case of the Arctic Sunrise vessel. Based on the results of the study, the author concludes that there is some insufficiency and inefficiency of security zones to prevent modern threats. As a solution to this problem, the author proposes to establish “warning zones”, i.e. an additional international legal means to ensure the safety of offshore oil and gas installations.

The New Offshore Oil and Gas Installation Abandonment Wave and the International Rules on Removal and Dumping

2014 ◽  
Vol 29 (3) ◽  
pp. 480-520
Author(s):  
Youna Lyons
Keyword(s):  
International Law ◽  
Oil And Gas ◽  
Environmental Law ◽  
Shallow Waters ◽  
Offshore Platforms ◽  
International Environmental Law ◽  
Western Africa ◽  
Offshore Oil And Gas ◽  
The Many ◽  
Offshore Oil

With more than 7000 offshore platforms installed globally for hydrocarbon exploitation, the fate of the many platforms nearing the end of their 20–30-year commercial life becomes critical. New decommissioning regions include Southeast Asia and Western Africa, where most offshore oil- and gas-producing countries have not become parties to the 1972 London Convention against dumping nor to its 1996 Protocol. This article discusses the application of these international rules against dumping at sea to the disposal at sea of offshore platforms in these countries. It also explores the way in which relevant instruments of international law could combine to apply to the decommissioning of offshore platforms, including platforms that are light and located in shallow waters, and/or those covered by and/or supporting endangered species. Overall this article challenges the paradigm that full removal should be the primary solution to offshore decommissioning and proposes a case-by-case approach under the guiding principles of the law of the sea and international environmental law.

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