On ejective fricatives in Omani Mehri

2017 ◽  
Vol 9 (1-2) ◽  
pp. 139-159
Author(s):  
Rachid Ridouane ◽  
Cédric Gendrot
Keyword(s):  
Initial Position ◽  
Center Of Gravity ◽  
Air Pressure ◽  
Temporal Parameters ◽  
Intraoral Air Pressure ◽  
High Degree ◽  
Frequent Presence ◽  
The Way

Ejective fricatives are extremely rare cross-linguistically. This infrequency is generally attributed to the incompatibility of two aerodynamic requirements: airflow to create noise frication and a high intraoral air pressure to implement ejectivity. Seeking to determine how this incompatibility is solved, this study presents an acoustic investigation of initial and intervocalic ejective fricatives in Mehri, a Modern South Arabian language spoken in Oman. Based on data from 5 Mehri speakers, the analysis of different temporal and non-temporal parameters shows a high degree of variability in the way ejectivity is implemented in fricatives. Much of this variability is shaped by the position of the segments within the word. In initial position, the ejectivity of fricatives translates into a frequent presence of post-frication glottal lags, higher intensity and higher center of gravity. These acoustic attributes are less frequently encountered in intervocalic position. In this position, it is argued, the systematic diphthongization of the following long vowel, induced by ejectivity combined with dorsopharyngealisation, is salient enough to allow the contrast of ejectivity to be recovered.

Correlates of Turbulent Noise Production for Speech

1967 ◽  
Vol 10 (1) ◽  
pp. 133-140 ◽  
Author(s):  
Thomas J. Hixon ◽  
Fred D. Minifie ◽  
Charles A. Tait
Keyword(s):  
Sound Pressure Level ◽  
Sound Pressure ◽  
Power Laws ◽  
Pressure Level ◽  
Air Pressure ◽  
Voice Production ◽  
Volume Rate ◽  
Intraoral Air Pressure ◽  
Noise Production ◽  
Parameters Of Interest

Intraoral air pressure, volume rate of airflow, and sound pressure level were measured during /∫/ and /s/ productions of two speakers. In addition numerical estimates of the loudness of the productions were made by each speaker and by a group of judges. The power laws governing the relations among the parameters of interest are discussed and the results are compared with available data on voice production.

PARALLEL ARCHITECTURES AND INTRINSICALLY PARALLEL ALGORITHMS: GENETIC ALGORITHMS

1994 ◽  
Vol 05 (01) ◽  
pp. 95-112 ◽  
Author(s):  
R. CAMPANINI ◽  
G. DI CARO ◽  
M. VILLANI ◽  
I. D’ANTONE ◽  
G. GIUSTI
Keyword(s):  
Genetic Algorithms ◽  
Parallel Algorithms ◽  
Parallel Architectures ◽  
Classification Algorithms ◽  
High Degree ◽  
The Way

Genetic algorithms are search or classification algorithms based on natural models. They present a high degree of internal parallelism. We developed two versions, differing in the way the population is organized and we studied and compared their characteristics and performances when applied to the optimization of multidimensional function problems. All the implementations are realized on transputer networks.

Major Issues Affecting Government Data and Information in Developing Countries

2020 ◽  
pp. 862-871
Author(s):  
Saleem Zoughbi
Keyword(s):  
New Technologies ◽  
Capture Process ◽  
Common Strategy ◽  
Recent Trends ◽  
Technical Specifications ◽  
Government Data ◽  
Smart Technologies ◽  
High Degree ◽  
The Impact ◽  
The Way

The ever-developing technology is multifaceted, not only in technical specifications, but also in mode, type and characteristics. New technologies are designed and produced, new ways of using these technologies also are being suggested, tested and adopted. Telecommunications and digital technology provide today remarkable smart technologies that enable people to capture, process, maintain, disseminate and store efficiently all kinds of information at very fast speed, with high degree of efficiency and correctness. Much of government data collected are continuously affected by the development in such technology. Recent trends of technology currently and for 2017 and beyond have shown that the impact of such trends will enhance the impact on the way governments handle data. This chapter presents an overview of such trends. However, a common strategy for government data should be developed in a concise way that will guide the process of dealing with the trends of modern technologies. Therefore government data platform will adopt new technologies, new hardware and software but essentially the way government data is kept and managed still remain the same, just new tools have been adopted.

Major Issues Affecting Government Data and Information in Developing Countries

2017 ◽  
pp. 115-126
Author(s):  
Saleem Zoughbi
Keyword(s):  
New Technologies ◽  
Capture Process ◽  
Common Strategy ◽  
Recent Trends ◽  
Technical Specifications ◽  
Government Data ◽  
Smart Technologies ◽  
High Degree ◽  
The Impact ◽  
The Way

The ever-developing technology is multifaceted, not only in technical specifications, but also in mode, type and characteristics. New technologies are designed and produced, new ways of using these technologies also are being suggested, tested and adopted. Telecommunications and digital technology provide today remarkable smart technologies that enable people to capture, process, maintain, disseminate and store efficiently all kinds of information at very fast speed, with high degree of efficiency and correctness. Much of government data collected are continuously affected by the development in such technology. Recent trends of technology currently and for 2017 and beyond have shown that the impact of such trends will enhance the impact on the way governments handle data. This chapter presents an overview of such trends. However, a common strategy for government data should be developed in a concise way that will guide the process of dealing with the trends of modern technologies. Therefore government data platform will adopt new technologies, new hardware and software but essentially the way government data is kept and managed still remain the same, just new tools have been adopted.

Levator Veli Palatini Muscle Activity in Relation to Intraoral Air Pressure Variation in Cleft Palate Subjects

1995 ◽  
Vol 32 (5) ◽  
pp. 376-381 ◽  
Author(s):  
David P. Kuehn ◽  
Jerald B. Moon
Keyword(s):  
Cleft Palate ◽  
Air Pressure ◽  
Levator Muscle ◽  
Emg Activity ◽  
High Activation ◽  
Levator Veli Palatini ◽  
Activation Level ◽  
High Activation Level ◽  
Intraoral Air Pressure ◽  
Total Activation

A comparison of the ranges of levator veli palatini EMG activity for speech versus a nonspeech task for subjects with cleft palate was the focus of this study. EMG values are also compared with subjects without cleft palate obtained in a previous study. Hooked-wire electrodes were inserted into the levator muscle of five adult subjects with cleft palate exhibiting mild hypernasality. Intraoral air pressure was measured concurrently. A blowing task was used to determine the subject's operating range for the levator muscle. Both the nonspeech and speech tasks were designed to sample the widest possible ranges of levator EMG activity. It was found that the subjects with cleft palate used a relatively high activation level for the levator muscle during speech, in relation to their total activation range, compared with the subjects without cleft palate. Implications are discussed In relation to possible anatomic and physiologic differences for cleft palate subjects compared to normal.

Connectives in Free Indirect Style: Continuity or Shift?

2004 ◽  
Vol 13 (3) ◽  
pp. 216-234 ◽  
Author(s):  
Violeta Sotirova
Keyword(s):  
Conversation Analysis ◽  
Initial Position ◽  
Critical Comment ◽  
Point Of View ◽  
Spoken Discourse ◽  
Free Indirect Style ◽  
The Way

This article re-examines the role of connectives in free indirect style. Connectives in sentence-initial position have been singled out as a marker of the style because of their frequency in spoken discourse (Fludernik, 1993). They have also been analysed as continuative devices which help the reader to sustain an already established interpretation of perspective across sentences of free indirect style (Ehrlich, 1990). My concern here is with a newly exemplified role of connectives to shift perspective and I have selected passages from D. H. Lawrence which have elicited critical comment in relation to point of view (Adamson, 1995; Baron, 1998). I turn to the contribution of conversation analysis and correlate the uses of connectives turn-initially with their use at points of perspectival shifts. My main conclusion is that connectives also relate viewpoints to each other much in the way that they relate utterances in conversation. Finally, this correlation between the interactive role of connectives and their shifting role in point of view presentation bears on the theories of free indirect style more generally. It strongly supports Bakhtin’s dialogical model.

Intraoral Air Pressure Discrimination by Normal-Speaking Subjects

1987 ◽  
Vol 39 (4) ◽  
pp. 196-203 ◽  
Author(s):  
William N. Williams ◽  
W.S. Brown, Jr. ◽  
G.E. Turner
Keyword(s):  
Air Pressure ◽  
Intraoral Air Pressure ◽  
Normal Speaking
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