A critical analysis of the type of Navicula skuae with the description of a new Navicula species (Naviculaceae, Bacillariophyta) from the Antarctic Region

Phytotaxa ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 474 (1) ◽  
pp. 15-26
Author(s):  
NATALIA KOCHMAN-KĘDZIORA ◽  
MARIA OLECH ◽  
BART VAN DE VIJVER
Keyword(s):  
New Species ◽  
Acid Soils ◽  
South Shetland Islands ◽  
Morphological Description ◽  
Extensive Literature ◽  
King George Island ◽  
Antarctic Species ◽  
Shetland Islands ◽  
Extensive Literature Search ◽  
The Antarctic

During a study of the limno-terrestrial diatoms on King George Island (South Shetland Islands), an unknown Navicula taxon was observed. Detailed morphological analysis based on both light and scanning electron microscopy observations revealed a unique set of morphological features, that were not observed in any Navicula taxon known so far. Despite an extensive literature search, it was not possible to identify this taxon and therefore it is described as a new species: Navicula massalskiana sp. nov. At present, the new species has only been observed from its type locality, acid soils influenced by penguin excrements, close to the seashore in the Admiralty Bay Region (King George Island). Navicula massalskiana shows a high similarity with two other Antarctic species: Navicula skuae and Navicula shackletonii. The taxonomic situation of these two taxa is investigated. The type material of Navicula skuae was reinvestigated and compared with the published morphological description of N. shackletonii. Based on this comparison, both taxa are clearly conspecific making N. skuae a later synonym of Navicula shackletonii.

Humidophila komarekiana sp. nov. (Bacillariophyta), a new limnoterrestrial diatom species from King George Island (Maritime Antarctica)

Phytotaxa ◽  
2016 ◽  
Vol 272 (3) ◽  
pp. 184 ◽  
Author(s):  
NATALIA KOCHMAN-KĘDZIORA ◽  
TERESA NOGA ◽  
RALITSA ZIDAROVA ◽  
KATEŘINA KOPALOVÁ ◽  
BART VAN DE VIJVER
Keyword(s):  
New Species ◽  
Marine Diatom ◽  
South Shetland Islands ◽  
Diatom Species ◽  
King George Island ◽  
Maritime Antarctica ◽  
Antarctic Region ◽  
Diatom Flora ◽  
Shetland Islands ◽  
The Antarctic

During a survey of the non-marine diatom flora of King George Island (South Shetland Islands), an unknown Humidophila taxon was recorded. Detailed light and scanning electron microscopy observations indicated that the unknown taxon could not be identified based on the currently available literature. The new species is described as Humidophila komarekiana sp. nov. and is characterized in having strictly linear valves with parallel margins and broadly rounded, never protracted apices, a filiform raphe with almost indistinct, straight proximal and distal raphe endings. The striae are composed of one, irregularly shortened areola. The mantle areolae are interrupted at the apices. The new species is compared with similar taxa in the Antarctic Region and worldwide. Notes on the ecology of the new species are added.

scholarly journals New records of isopod species of the Antarctic Specially Managed Area No. 1, Admiralty Bay, South Shetland Islands

2017 ◽  
Vol 38 (3) ◽  
pp. 409-419
Author(s):  
Karol Zemko ◽  
Krzysztof Pabis ◽  
Jacek Siciński ◽  
Magdalena Błażewicz
Keyword(s):  
Southern Ocean ◽  
New Records ◽  
South Shetland Islands ◽  
Small Scale ◽  
King George Island ◽  
Admiralty Bay ◽  
Shetland Islands ◽  
The Antarctic ◽  
First Time ◽  
Marine Basins

AbstractAdmiralty Bay (King George Island) is an Antarctic Specially Managed Area and one the most thoroughly studied small-scale marine basins in the Southern Ocean. Our study provides new data on the isopod fauna in this glacially affected fjord. Twelve species of isopods were recorded in this basin for the first time. Six of them were found for the first time in the region of the South Shetland Islands. The highest number of species new for Admiralty Bay were found in the families Munnopsidae (4 species) and Munnidae (3 species).

Ten new Bacillariophyta species from James Ross Island and the South Shetland Islands (Maritime Antarctic Region)

Phytotaxa ◽  
2016 ◽  
Vol 272 (1) ◽  
pp. 37 ◽  
Author(s):  
RALITSA ZIDAROVA ◽  
KATEŘINA KOPALOVÁ ◽  
BART VAN DE VIJVER
Keyword(s):  
New Species ◽  
South Shetland Islands ◽  
Similar Species ◽  
Maritime Antarctic ◽  
The South ◽  
Antarctic Region ◽  
Shetland Islands ◽  
James Ross Island ◽  
The Antarctic

The present paper describes 10 new diatom (Bacillariophyta) species from the Maritime Antarctic Region. Five of the newly described taxa: Caloneis australis sp. nov., Mayamaea sweetloveana sp. nov., Navicula romanedwardii sp. nov., Sellaphora antarctica sp. nov. and Sellaphora gracillima sp. nov. have been previously reported from the Antarctic Region but were force-fitted into incorrect names. Five other taxa: Chamaepinnularia elliptica sp. nov., Cosmioneis regigeorgiensis sp. nov., Mayamaea tytgatiana sp. nov., Muelleria pimpireviana sp. nov. and Pinnularia pinseeliana sp. nov. are newly discovered taxa. The morphology of all new species is studied using both light and scanning electon microscope observations and compared with similar species from the Antarctic Region and worldwide. Data about the ecology and confirmed Antarctic distribution of the new species are added.

scholarly journals Two additions to the moss flora of the South Shetland Islands in the maritime Antarctic

2018 ◽  
Vol 87 (4) ◽  
Author(s):  
Mariusz Wierzgoń ◽  
Tomasz Suchan ◽  
Michał Ronikier
Keyword(s):  
South Shetland Islands ◽  
King George Island ◽  
Maritime Antarctic ◽  
The South ◽  
Shetland Islands ◽  
Bay Area ◽  
Leading Position ◽  
Glacial Cover ◽  
The Antarctic ◽  
First Time

<em>Tortella fragilis</em> (Drumm.) Limpr. (Pottiaceae) and <em>Bryum nivale</em> Müll. Hal. (Bryaceae) are recorded for the first time from the South Shetland Islands in the northern maritime Antarctic. They were discovered in the Admiralty Bay area on King George Island, the largest island of this archipelago. The two species are briefly characterized morphologically, their habitats are described, and their distribution in the Antarctic is mapped. Discovery of these species has increased the documented moss flora of King George Island to 67 species, strengthening it in the leading position among individual areas with the richest diversity of moss flora in Antarctica. Likewise, <em>T. fragilis</em> and <em>B. nivale</em> represent remarkable additions to the moss flora of the South Shetland Islands, which currently consists of 92 species and one variety, making this archipelago by far the richest bryofloristically amongst large geographic regions of the Antarctic. Comparison of recent (2018) and old (1985) photographs revealed a significant retreat of glacial cover and suggests that the collection site was likely opened for colonization only within the last several decades. The record of <em>T. fragilis</em> is biogeographically relevant, and constitutes an intermediate site between the species’ occurrences in the Antarctic Peninsula and southern South America. The present record of <em>B. nivale</em> is the fourth discovery of the species worldwide, which may be helpful for the future designation of the distribution of this extremely rare species.

scholarly journals Biology of generative reproduction of Colobanthus quitensis (Kunth) Bartl. from King George Island, South Shetland Islands

2011 ◽  
Vol 32 (2) ◽  
pp. 139-155 ◽  
Author(s):  
Irena Giełwanowska ◽  
Anna Bochenek ◽  
Ewa Gojło ◽  
Ryszard Görecki ◽  
Wioleta Kellmann ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Embryo Sac ◽  
Pollen Grains ◽  
South Shetland Islands ◽  
Egg Cell ◽  
Strong Wind ◽  
King George Island ◽  
Natural Conditions ◽  
Shetland Islands ◽  
Colobanthus Quitensis ◽  
The Antarctic

Biology of generative reproduction of Colobanthus quitensis (Kunth) Bartl. from King George Island, South Shetland Islands Our macroscopic observations and microscopic studies conducted by means of a light microscope (LM) and transmission electron microscope (TEM) concerning the re-production biology of Colobanthus quitensis (Caryophyllaceae) growing in natural conditions in the Antarctic and in a greenhouse in Olsztyn (northern Poland) showed that this plant develops two types of bisexual flowers: opening, chasmogamous flowers and closed, cleistogamous ones. Cleistogamy was caused by a low temperature, high air humidity and strong wind. A small number of microspores differentiated in the microsporangia of C. quitensis, which is typical of cleistogamous species. Microsporocytes, and later microspores, formed very thick callose walls. More than twenty spheroidal, polypantoporate pollen grains differentiated in the microsporangium. They germinated on the surface of receptive cells on the dry stigma of the gynoecium or inside the microsporangium. A monosporic embryo sac of the Polygonum type differentiated in the crassinucellar ovule. During this differentiation the nucellus tissue formed and stored reserve materials. In the development of generative cells, a male germ unit (MGU) with differentiated sperm cells was observed. The smaller cell contained mainly mitochondria, and the bigger one plastids. In the process of fertilization in C. quitensis only one nucleus of the sperm cell, without cytoplasm fragments, entered the egg cell, and the proembryo developed according to the Caryophyllad type. Almost all C. quitensis ovules developed and formed perispermic seeds with a completely differentiated embryo both under natural conditions in the Antarctic and in a green-house in Olsztyn.

scholarly journals Southern elephant seal movements and Antarctic sea ice

2000 ◽  
Vol 12 (1) ◽  
pp. 3-15 ◽  
Author(s):  
H. Bornemann ◽  
M. Kreyscher ◽  
S. Ramdohr ◽  
T. Martin ◽  
A. Carlini ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Sea Ice ◽  
Antarctic Peninsula ◽  
South Shetland Islands ◽  
Mirounga Leonina ◽  
King George Island ◽  
The South ◽  
Elephant Seals ◽  
Shetland Islands ◽  
Pack Ice ◽  
The Antarctic

Weaned pups and post-moult female elephant seals (Mirounga leonina) were fitted with satellite transmitters at King George Island (South Shetland Islands) between December 1996 and February 1997. Of the nine adult females tracked for more than two months, three stayed in a localized area between the South Shetland Islands and the South Orkney Islands. The other six females travelled south-west along the coast of the Antarctic Peninsula up to the Bellingshausen Sea. Two of them then moved north-east and hauled out on South Georgia in October. One female was last located north of the South Shetland Islands in March 1998. In total, eight females were again sighted on King George Island and six of the transmitters removed. The tracks of the weaners contrasted with those of the adults. In January, five juveniles left King George Island for the Pacific sector spending about four weeks in the open sea west of the De Gerlache Seamounts. Three of them returned to the tip of the Antarctic Peninsula in June, of which one was last located on the Patagonian Shelf in November 1997. The juveniles avoided sea ice while the adults did not. The latter displayed behavioural differences in using the pack ice habitat during winter. Some females adjusted their movement patterns to the pulsating sea ice fringe in distant foraging areas while others ranged in closed pack ice of up to 100%. The feeding grounds of adult female elephant seals are more closely associated with the pack ice zone than previously assumed. The significance of the midwater fish Pleuragramma antarcticum as a potential food resource is discussed.

scholarly journals Thambema thunderstruckae sp. n., the first record of Thambematidae (Isopoda: Asellota) from the Southern Hemisphere shelf

2012 ◽  
Vol 33 (2) ◽  
pp. 163-179 ◽  
Author(s):  
Karol Zemko ◽  
Stefanie Kaiser
Keyword(s):  
New Species ◽  
Southern Hemisphere ◽  
First Record ◽  
South Shetland Islands ◽  
King George Island ◽  
Shetland Islands ◽  
The Family

Thambema thunderstruckae sp. n., the first record of Thambematidae (Isopoda: Asellota) from the Southern Hemisphere shelf A new thambematid species, Thambema thunderstruckae sp. n., is described from King George Island, South Shetland Islands, Antarctic. Specimens of the new species were collected during two Polish Antarctic Expeditions in 1985 and 2007. It is the first record of this family from the Southern Hemisphere. The new species most closely resembles Thambema golanachum Harrison, 1987 and T. fiatum Harrison, 1987 but can be distinguished from both species by the shape of male pleopod 1, the number of claws on pereopods 2-7 and the setation of pereopod 1 and 2 carpus, respectively. A key to all known genera and species in the family Thambematidae is also provided.

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