scholarly journals Field and greenhouse evaluation of spirodiclofen against Panonychus ulmi and Tetranychus urticae (Acari: Tetranychidae) in Serbia*

Zoosymposia ◽  
2011 ◽  
Vol 6 (1) ◽  
pp. 93-98 ◽  
Author(s):  
DEJAN MARCIC ◽  
SLAVKA MUTAVDZIC ◽  
IRENA MEDJO ◽  
MIRJANA PRIJOVIC ◽  
PANTELIJA PERIC
Keyword(s):  
Tetranychus Urticae ◽  
Spider Mite ◽  
Strong Field ◽  
Lipid Synthesis ◽  
Good Alternative ◽  
Apple Orchard ◽  
Panonychus Ulmi ◽  
The Third ◽  
European Red Mite ◽  
Application Rates

Spirodiclofen, an acaricide with a novel mode of action (inhibition of lipid synthesis), has recently been commercialized and recommended as a compound that effectively controls mite populations resistant to other acaricides. The efficacy of the spirodiclofen against European red mite [Panonychus ulmi (Koch)] on apple, and two-spotted spider mite (Tetranychus urticae Koch) on greenhouse cucumber was tested in Serbia from 2004 to 2008. Spirodiclofen efficacy was compared to the effectiveness of several other acaricides (bifenthrin, clofentezine, fenazaquin, fenpyroximate) that had been in use for some time. The acaricides were applied at their recommended application rates. Control efficacy against P. ulmi was tested in a commercial apple orchard at Morovic (45°00.711’N; 19°15.146’ E). Applied at the BBCH 09 growth stage (green leaf tips about 5 mm above bud scales) against overwintering eggs, spirodiclofen achieved 89.1 and 86.0% efficacy in evaluations 12 and 25 DAT (days after treatment), respectively. Similar effectiveness was demonstrated for fenazaquin (91.3 and 84.4%), while clofentezine achieved a considerably lower efficacy (67.4 and 27.8%, respectively). In three trials involving the summer population of P. ulmi in three vegetation seasons, spirodiclofen achieved high and steady efficacy: 91% (15 DAT), 97.2% (30 DAT) and 98% (45 DAT) in the first season; 95.2% (14 DAT), 96.3% (29 DAT) and 95.7% (47 DAT) in the second season; and 97.4% (14 DAT), 95.6% (21 DAT) and 97% (38 DAT) in the third season. The highest clofentezine efficacy in the first season was 90.9% (30 DAT), 77.4% (29 DAT) in the second and 68.1% (21 DAT) in the third season. Bifenthrin achieved the highest efficacy in the first season, 78.2% (15 DAT), while it declined to 65.9% (14 DAT) in the second and was practically negligible in the third season. Such unsatisfactory efficacies of bifenthrin and clofentezine were probably the result of resistance development under selection pressure of these compounds at Morovic. The efficacy of fenpyroximate, tested in the second season, was high (97.4%) in evaluations 14 and 29 DAT, but it was only 50.3% in evaluation 47 DAT. Efficacy in controlling T. urticae was tested in a commercial greenhouse in Padinska Skela (44°57.012’ N; 20°25.741’ E). In evaluations 6 and 10 DAT, spirodiclofen achieved 98.4 and 96.8% efficacy, while clofentezine effectiveness was 95.4 and 93.4%, and bifenthrin efficacy 96.5 and 98.8%, respectively. The results showed that spirodiclofen is effective in controlling European red mite on apple and twospotted spider mite on cucumber, and a good alternative to older acaricides.

EFFECTS OF LOW APPLICATION RATES OF THE PYRETHROID PP321 ON THE APPLE ORCHARD MITE COMPLEX (ACARI) IN ONTARIO

1992 ◽  
Vol 124 (2) ◽  
pp. 381-390 ◽  
Author(s):  
S.Y. Li ◽  
R. Harmsen
Keyword(s):  
Spider Mite ◽  
Integrated Control ◽  
Apple Orchard ◽  
Panonychus Ulmi ◽  
Twospotted Spider Mite ◽  
Predacious Mites ◽  
Amblyseius Fallacis ◽  
Application Rates ◽  
Zetzellia Mali ◽  
Aculus Schlechtendali

AbstractThe impacts of the pyrethroid PP321 on the mite fauna in an apple orchard were studied at the Smithfield Experimental Farm of Agriculture Canada, Ontario, from 1988 to 1989. Two predacious mites, the phytoseiid Amblyseius fallacis (Garman) and the stigmaeid Zetzellia mali (Ewing), were affected by pyrethroid applications. The highest numbers of predators were found in untreated trees, and the lowest numbers were found in the trees treated with the higher rate of the pyrethroid (P < 0.05). Zetzellia mali has roughly the same susceptibility to PP321 as does A. fallacis. Two species of tetranychid phytophagous mites, the European red mite, Panonychus ulmi (Koch), and the twospotted spider mite, Tetranychus urticae Koch, were positively associated with pyrethroid applications. Significantly higher numbers of these mites were found in the pyrethroid-treated trees than in untreated ones (P < 0.05). Another phytophagous mite, the apple rust mite, Aculus schlechtendali (Nalepa) (Eriophyidae), was strongly suppressed by PP321 applications. Lower rate applications of the pyrethroid allowed more predators to survive, and resulted in lower abundances of tetranychid mites than did the higher rate. Therefore, reduced rates of pyrethroids may prove to be compatible with integrated control of spider mites in apple orchards.

scholarly journals Influence of leaf pubescence on the behavior of the two-spotted spider mite (Tetranychus urticae) and the European red mite (Panonychus ulmi)

2013 ◽  
Vol 56 (1-2) ◽  
pp. 109-115 ◽  
Author(s):  
Wojciech Warabieda ◽  
Mike Solomon
Keyword(s):  
Tetranychus Urticae ◽  
Spider Mite ◽  
Mite Species ◽  
Panonychus Ulmi ◽  
Movement Behavior ◽  
Quick Method ◽  
Leaf Pubescence ◽  
European Red Mite ◽  
Stop Time ◽  
Two Spotted Spider Mite

Movement behavior of two mite species: two-spotted spider mite (Tetranychus urticae) and European red mite (Panonychus ulmi) on leaves of some apple cultivars (´Greensleeves´, ´Spartan' and SA 455-2 selection) with different density of pubescence was analysed. Assessment of the leaf pubescence density was performed using an originally developed quick method based on digital pubescence mage analysis. For P.ulmi, both stop time and average speed did not depend on kind of leaf. In contrary. T.urticae revealed higher movement activity on slight pubescent leaves compared to leaves with high leaf hair density.

Polybutenes in Orchard Pest Control

1962 ◽  
Vol 94 (11) ◽  
pp. 1222-1227 ◽  
Author(s):  
R. S. Downing
Keyword(s):  
British Columbia ◽  
Pest Control ◽  
Spider Mite ◽  
Panonychus Ulmi ◽  
Phytophagous Mites ◽  
European Red Mite ◽  
Short Time ◽  
Methods Of Control

In British Columbia the control of phytophagous mites, especially the European red mite, Panonychus ulmi (Koch), and the McDaniel spider mite, Tetranychus mcdanieli McG., is becoming increasingly difficult, mainly because of the mites' ability to develop resistance to most acaricides in a relatively short time (3). Because of this, methods of control other than strictly chemical are examined at every opportunity.

SAMPLING SYSTEMS FOR EUROPEAN RED MITE, PANONYCHUS ULMI (ACARINA: TETRANYCHIDAE), EGGS ON APPLE IN NOVA SCOTIA

1973 ◽  
Vol 105 (12) ◽  
pp. 1519-1523 ◽  
Author(s):  
H. J. Herbert ◽  
K. P. Butler
Keyword(s):  
Nova Scotia ◽  
Apple Orchard ◽  
Panonychus Ulmi ◽  
Population Estimates ◽  
Population Densities ◽  
European Red Mite ◽  
Tree Population ◽  
Sampling Systems ◽  
Mature Apple ◽  
Whole Tree

AbstractA study was conducted in a mature apple orchard in Nova Scotia to compare the density of eggs of the European red mite, Panonychus ulmi (Koch), over the whole tree to their density on a selected area using a random selection and standard selection technique. Both methods provided nearly equivalent estimates of population densities for generations 2 and 4 but not for generation 3. The population estimates based on sampling from the selected area overestimated the whole tree population.Optimum allocation of sampling resources may be obtained by sampling a small number of clusters from each of a large number of trees.

THE INFLUENCE OF SPRAY PROGRAMS ON THE FAUNA OF APPLE ORCHARDS IN NOVA SCOTIA: XX. TRENDS AFTER ALTERING LEVELS OF PHYTOPHAGOUS MITES OR PREDATORS

1970 ◽  
Vol 102 (5) ◽  
pp. 592-601 ◽  
Author(s):  
K. H. Sanford ◽  
H. J. Herbert
Keyword(s):  
Nova Scotia ◽  
Apple Orchard ◽  
Typhlodromus Pyri ◽  
Panonychus Ulmi ◽  
Apple Orchards ◽  
Direct Effects ◽  
Phytophagous Mites ◽  
European Red Mite ◽  
Predacious Species

AbstractUtilizing the knowledge of their direct effects, the materials ryania, carbaryl, and Animert V-101 applied to a uniformly distributed population of the European red mite, Panonychus ulmi (Koch), altered the populations in plots in an apple orchard. Trends after treatment in both host mite and predator populations were assessed. Supplementary applications of the acaricides Animert V-101 or dicofol directed against certain generations of P. ulmi controlled outbreaks and altered the faunal levels during the following season. Ryania was largely innocuous to most species of predators with the exception of Atractotomus mali (Meyer) and Diaphnocoris spp., carbaryl was detrimental to most predacious species, and Animert V-101, while selectively toxic to phytophagous mites, was innocuous to all predacious insects and Typhlodromus pyri Scheuten.Phytophagous mite populations may be altered to almost prescribed levels with pesticides when the predator populations are known. This allows selective chemicals to be used to complement the predator effect and maintain red mites below the threshold of damage.

POPULATION STUDIES OF PHYTOPHAGOUS MITES AND PREDATORS ON APPLE IN SOUTHWESTERN QUEBEC

1967 ◽  
Vol 99 (7) ◽  
pp. 771-778 ◽  
Author(s):  
B. Parent
Keyword(s):  
Spider Mite ◽  
Population Studies ◽  
Venturia Inaequalis ◽  
Apple Scab ◽  
Panonychus Ulmi ◽  
Similar Relationship ◽  
Ecological Studies ◽  
Phytophagous Mites ◽  
European Red Mite ◽  
Two Spotted Spider Mite

AbstractEcological studies, undertaken to determine the fluctuations of phytophagous mites and predators in apple orchards, were conducted in 1955, 1956, and 1957 at Rougemont, Que., in two plots sprayed only with fungicides for the control of apple scab, Venturia inaequalis (Cke) Wint., and in a third one sprayed, in addition to fungicides, with all insecticides needed for the control of destructive insects. Phytophagous mites were more numerous in the plot sprayed with insecticides than in plots sprayed only with fungicides, and densities of the mites in the latter plots were inversely proportional to densities of predators. A similar relationship existed in the insecticide plot between the amount of chemicals used and numbers of predators present. The principal mite predators were Typhlodromus rhenanus (Oudms.), most effective against the two-spotted spider mite, Tetranychus urticae Koch, and Mediolata mali (Ewing), most effective against the European red mite, Panonychus ulmi (Koch).

ESTIMATING MITE POPULATIONS IN SOUTHERN OREGON PEAR ORCHARDS

1971 ◽  
Vol 103 (1) ◽  
pp. 67-71 ◽  
Author(s):  
P. H. Westigard ◽  
L. D. Calvin
Keyword(s):  
Sample Size ◽  
Coefficient Of Variation ◽  
Spider Mite ◽  
Sampling Methods ◽  
Mite Species ◽  
Panonychus Ulmi ◽  
Species Variation ◽  
European Red Mite ◽  
Mite Density ◽  
Two Spotted Spider Mite

AbstractStudies were conducted in southern Oregon pear orchards to develop sampling methods for assessment of mite abundance. Those species included in the investigation were the two-spotted spider mite, Tetranychus urticae Koch; European red mite, Panonychus ulmi (Koch); yellow spider mite, Eotetranychus carpini borealis (Ewing); and the predaceous phytoseiid Typhlodromus occidentalis Nesbitt.The results show that five leaves on one limb per tree are adequate to include representative numbers of the four mite species. Variation in mite densities between trees, even of the same variety, was quite high. The sample size (numbers of trees) required for assessing mite density can be calculated provided that an estimate of the coefficient of variation (S/X) is available.

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