Onthophagus (Palaeonthophagus) medius (Kugelann, 1792)—a good western palaearctic species in the Onthophagus vacca complex (Coleoptera: Scarabaeidae: Scarabaeinae: Onthophagini)

Based on a morphological taxonomic revision of available species, and supported by a separate molecular phylogenetic study, we identified Onthophagus (Palaeonthophagus) medius (Kugelann, 1792) as a good western palaearctic species and a sibling species of O. vacca (Linnaeus, 1767). In this paper we diagnose and illustrate the key morphological features and distribution of both species. A neotype is designated for Copris medius Kugelann, 1792.

Download Full-text

Nomenclatural novelties in Astraea (Euphorbiaceae)

Phytotaxa ◽

10.11646/phytotaxa.159.2.7 ◽

2014 ◽

Vol 159 (2) ◽

pp. 127 ◽

Cited By ~ 5

Author(s):

Maria Beatriz Rossi Caruzo ◽

Otávio Luis Marques Da Silva ◽

Paul E. Berry ◽

Inês Cordeiro

Keyword(s):

South America ◽

Taxonomic Revision ◽

Morphological Characters ◽

Neotropical Region ◽

Phylogenetic Study ◽

Valid Genus ◽

Molecular Phylogenetic Study ◽

Molecular Phylogenetic ◽

Morphological Differences

Astraea Klotzsch (1841: 194) was considered a synonym of Croton Linnaeus (1753: 1004) by many authors (Baillon 1858, Müller 1866, Pax & Hoffmann 1931, Webster 1994, Radcliffe-Smith 2001), but based on a molecular phylogenetic study of Croton and related groups, Berry et al. (2005a) justified recognizing Astraea again as a valid genus. De-Paula et al. (2011) showed morphological differences in the flowers of these two genera, corroborating the findings of Berry et al. (2005a). Riina et al. (2014) discussed additional morphological characters separating Astraea from both Croton and its sister genus Brasiliocroton Berry & Cordeiro in Berry et al. (2005b: 357). Some species that were originally described under Croton have already been transferred to Astraea (Berry et al. 2005a, Caruzo & Cordeiro 2007, Zuloaga et al. 2007, Van Ee 2011), and Van Ee (2011) accounted for numerous names of Astraea invalidly published by Klotzsch (1841). However, there are still several species of Croton that should be transferred to Astraea. As part of an ongoing taxonomic revision of the genus Astraea, we herein propose the necessary remaining transfers. Astraea has an estimated 13 species, most of them distributed in South America, especially in Brazil. Astraea lobata (Linnaeus 1753: 1005) Klotzsch (1841: 194) is the only species occurring throughout the Neotropical region and is also found, introduced, in Africa and Yemen.

Download Full-text

Evolution in the deep sea: a combined analysis of the earliest diverging living chitons (Mollusca : Polyplacophora : Lepidopleurida)

Invertebrate Systematics ◽

10.1071/is10028 ◽

2010 ◽

Vol 24 (6) ◽

pp. 560 ◽

Cited By ~ 15

Author(s):

Julia D. Sigwart ◽

Enrico Schwabe ◽

Hiroshi Saito ◽

Sarah Samadi ◽

Gonzalo Giribet

Keyword(s):

Deep Sea ◽

Taxonomic Revision ◽

Morphological Characters ◽

Sensu Stricto ◽

Phylogenetic Study ◽

Current View ◽

Cold Seeps ◽

Molecular Phylogenetic Study ◽

Molecular Phylogenetic ◽

Living Species

Lepidopleurida is the earliest diverged group of living polyplacophoran molluscs. They are found predominantly in the deep sea, including sunken wood, cold seeps, other abyssal habitats, and a few species are found in shallow water. The group is morphologically identified by anatomical features of their gills, sensory aesthetes, and gametes. Their shell features closely resemble the oldest fossils that can be identified as modern polyplacophorans. We present the first molecular phylogenetic study of this group, and also the first combined phylogenetic analysis for any chiton, including three gene regions and 69 morphological characters. The results show that Lepidopleurida is unambiguously monophyletic, and the nine genera fall into five distinct clades, which partly support the current view of polyplacophoran taxonomy. The genus Hanleyella Sirenko, 1973 is included in the family Protochitonidae, and Ferreiraellidae constitutes another distinct clade. The large cosmopolitan genus Leptochiton Gray, 1847 is not monophyletic; Leptochiton and Leptochitonidae sensu stricto are restricted to North Atlantic and Mediterranean taxa. Leptochitonidae s. str. is sister to Protochitonidae. The results also suggest two separate clades independently inhabiting sunken wood substrates in the south-west Pacific. Antarctic and other chemosynthetic-dwelling species may be derived from wood-living species. Substantial taxonomic revision remains to be done to resolve lepidopleuran classification, but the phylogeny presented here is a dramatic step forward in clarifying the relationships within this interesting group.

Download Full-text

Contribution to the knowledge of pupae of the Western Palaearctic erebids (Lepidoptera: Erebidae: Herminiinae) and noctuids (Lepidoptera: Noctuidae: Acronictinae and Bryophilinae)

Biologia ◽

10.2478/s11756-009-0019-5 ◽

2009 ◽

Vol 64 (1) ◽

Cited By ~ 1

Author(s):

Jan Patočka ◽

Marek Turčáni

Keyword(s):

Morphological Features ◽

Point Of View ◽

Palaearctic Species ◽

Line Drawings ◽

Systematic Status ◽

Western Palaearctic ◽

Lepidoptera Noctuidae ◽

Current Systems

AbstractThe descriptions of pupae of three Western Palaearctic species of Erebidae (subfamily Herminiinae), namely Idia calvaria (Denis et Schiffermüller, 1775), Pechipogo flavicrinalis (Andreas, 1910), and Nodaria nodosalis (Herrich-Schäffer, 1851), and three species of Noctuidae (subfamilies Acronictinae and Bryophilinae), namely Oxicesta geographica (F., 1787), Simyra dentinosa (Freyer, 1839), and Cryphia ochsi Boursin, 1940 are given. The main morphological features are described, compared with those of the related taxa and also illustrated in 57 line drawings. The systematic status and position of the described species present in the current systems are also discussed from the point of view of morphology of their pupae.

Download Full-text

Description of Ditylenchus acantholimonis n. sp. (Rhabditida: Anguinidae) from Iran, a morphological and molecular phylogenetic study

Nematology ◽

10.1163/15685411-bja10115 ◽

2021 ◽

pp. 1-10

Author(s):

Samira Aliverdi ◽

Ebrahim Pourjam ◽

Majid Pedram

Keyword(s):

New Species ◽

Rhizosphere Soil ◽

Phylogenetic Analyses ◽

Phylogenetic Study ◽

Pharyngeal Bulb ◽

Lateral Field ◽

Molecular Phylogenetic Study ◽

Molecular Phylogenetic ◽

Golestan Province ◽

Tail Tip

Summary Ditylenchus acantholimonis n. sp. is described based on morphological, morphometric and molecular characters. It was isolated from the rhizosphere soil of Acantholimon sp. in Golestan province, Iran, and is mainly characterised by having four lines in the lateral field, a pyriform to bottle-shaped offset pharyngeal bulb, post-vulval uterine sac 36.6-56.1% of the vulva to anus distance long, and a subcylindrical to conical tail with widely rounded tip. It is further characterised by short to medium-sized females, 480-617 μm long, with a fine stylet having small rounded knobs, V = 80.8-83.6, c = 11.0-13.8, c′ = 3.3-4.6, and males with 16.0-17.0 μm long spicules. The new species was morphologically compared with six species having four lines in their lateral field, rounded tail tip and comparable morphometric data namely: D. dipsacoideus, D. emus, D. exilis, D. paraparvus, D. sturhani, and D. solani. It was also compared with two species, D. ferepolitor and D. angustus, forming a maximally supported clade in the 18S tree. The phylogenetic analyses using the maximal number of Anguinidae and several Sphaerularioidea genera based upon partial 18S and 28S rDNA D2-D3 sequences revealed that Ditylenchus is polyphyletic. In the 18S tree, the new species formed a clade with D. ferepolitor (KJ636374) and D. angustus (AJ966483); in the 28S tree it formed a poorly supported clade with D. phyllobios (KT192618) and Ditylenchus sp. (MG865719).

Download Full-text

A molecular phylogenetic study of the caecal fluke of poultry, Postharmostomum commutatum (= P. gallinum) (Trematoda: Brachylaimidae)

Parasitology Research ◽

10.1007/s00436-018-6102-5 ◽

2018 ◽

Vol 117 (12) ◽

pp. 3927-3934 ◽

Cited By ~ 3

Author(s):

Marisa C. Valadão ◽

Beatriz C. M. Silva ◽

Danimar López-Hernández ◽

Jackson V. Araújo ◽

Sean A. Locke ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Phylogenetic Study ◽

Molecular Phylogenetic Study ◽

Molecular Phylogenetic

Download Full-text

The first molecular phylogenetic study of Xiphinema robbinsi Pedram, Niknam & Decraemer, 2008 (Nematoda: Longidoridae) based on specimens from the type locality

Nematology ◽

10.1163/15685411-00003219 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 21 (3) ◽

pp. 333-335 ◽

Cited By ~ 3

Author(s):

Farahnaz Jahanshahi Afshar

Keyword(s):

Type Locality ◽

Phylogenetic Study ◽

Molecular Phylogenetic Study ◽

Molecular Phylogenetic

Download Full-text

Molecular phylogeny of Pemphiginae (Hemiptera: Aphididae) inferred from nuclear gene EF-1α sequences

Bulletin of Entomological Research ◽

10.1017/s0007485308005828 ◽

2008 ◽

Vol 98 (5) ◽

pp. 499-507 ◽

Cited By ~ 13

Author(s):

H.C. Zhang ◽

G.X. Qiao

Keyword(s):

Phylogenetic Analysis ◽

Molecular Phylogeny ◽

Host Specificity ◽

Nuclear Gene ◽

Molecular Data ◽

Molecular Phylogenetic Analysis ◽

Phylogenetic Study ◽

Primary Host ◽

Molecular Phylogenetic Study ◽

Molecular Phylogenetic

AbstractThree traditional tribes of Fordini, Pemphigini and Eriosomatini comprise Pemphiginae, and there are two subtribes in Fordini and Pemphigini, respectively. Most of the species in this subfamily live heteroecious holocyclic lives with distinct primary host specificity. The three tribes of Pemphigini (except Prociphilina), Eriosomatini and Fordini use three families of plants, Salicaceae (Populus), Ulmaceae (Ulums) and Anacardiaceae (Pistacia and Rhus), as primary hosts, respectively, and form galls on them. Therefore, the Pemphigids are well known as gall makers, and their galls can be divided into true galls and pseudo-galls in type. We performed the first molecular phylogenetic study of Pemphiginae based on molecular data (EF-1α sequences). Results show that Pemphiginae is probably not a monophylum, but the monophyly of Fordini is supported robustly. The monophyly of Pemphigini is not supported, and two subtribes in it, Pemphigina and Prociphilina, are suggested to be raised to tribal level, equal with Fordini and Eriosomatini. The molecular phylogenetic analysis does not show definite relationships among the four tribes of Pemphiginae, as in the previous phylogenetic study based on morphology. It seems that the four tribes radiated at nearly the same time and then evolved independently. Based on this, we can speculate that galls originated independently four times in the four tribes, and there is no evidence to support that true galls are preceded by pseudo-galls, as in the case of thrips and willow sawflies.

Download Full-text

Splitting the Pisonia birdcatcher trees: re-establishment of Ceodes and Rockia (Nyctaginaceae, Pisonieae)

PhytoKeys ◽

10.3897/phytokeys.152.50611 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 152 ◽

pp. 121-136

Author(s):

Elson Felipe Sandoli Rossetto ◽

Marcos A. Caraballo-Ortiz

Keyword(s):

Original Description ◽

General Distribution ◽

Phylogenetic Study ◽

Natural Classification ◽

Line Drawings ◽

Dichotomous Key ◽

Representative Species ◽

Molecular Phylogenetic Study ◽

Molecular Phylogenetic ◽

Reproductive Characters

Several genera of Nyctaginaceae, currently merged under Pisonia, have been described for the Indo-Pacific region. Results from a recent molecular phylogenetic study of tribe Pisonieae showed that Pisonia is non-monophyletic and comprises three well-supported lineages: one including typical Pisonia and allies (Pisonia s.str.), a clade of species which corresponds to the original description of Ceodes and a third lineage whose single representative was formerly treated under the monotypic genus Rockia. Thus, as part of an effort to achieve a natural classification for tribe Pisonieae, this work proposes to re-establish Ceodes and Rockia to accommodate taxa with inconspicuous glands on anthocarps, recognising 21 species (20 for the former and one for the latter), of which 16 are new combinations: Ceodes amplifoliacomb. nov., Ceodes artensiscomb. nov., Ceodes austro-orientaliscomb. nov., Ceodes browniicomb. nov., Ceodes caulifloracomb. nov., Ceodes coronatacomb. nov., Ceodes diandracomb. nov., Ceodes gigantocarpacomb. nov., Ceodes gracilescenscomb. nov., Ceodes lanceolatacomb. nov., Ceodes merytifoliacomb. nov., Ceodes muellerianacomb. nov., Ceodes rapaensiscomb. nov., Ceodes sechellarumcomb. nov., Ceodes taitensiscomb. nov. and Ceodes wagnerianacomb. nov. A general distribution of each species recognised in this work is also included, along with line drawings and colour pictures of representative species of Ceodes, Pisonia and Rockia and an updated dichotomous key based on reproductive characters for the nine genera (Ceodes, Cephalotomandra, Grajalesia, Guapira, Neea, Neeopsis, Pisonia, Pisoniella and Rockia) comprising the tribe Pisonieae. Résumé Plusieurs genres de Nyctaginaceae actuellement fusionnés sous Pisonia ont été décrits pour la région Indo-Pacifique. Les résultats d’une récente étude phylogénétique moléculaire de la tribu Pisonieae ont montré que Pisonia est non monophylétique et comprend trois lignées bien supportées: une comprenant Pisonia typique et ses alliés (Pisonia s.str.), un clade d’espèces qui correspond à la description originale de Ceodes et une troisième lignée dont l’unique représentant était auparavant traité sous le genre monotypique Rockia. Ainsi, dans le cadre d’un effort pour parvenir à une classification naturelle de la tribu Pisonieae, ce travail proposons de rétablir les Ceodes et Rockia pour accueillir des taxons avec des glandes discrètes sur les anthocarpes, reconnaissant 21 espèces (20 pour les premières et une pour les dernières), dont 16 sont de nouvelles combinaisons: Ceodes amplifoliacomb. nov., Ceodes artensiscomb. nov., Ceodes austro-orientaliscomb. nov., Ceodes browniicomb. nov., Ceodes caulifloracomb. nov., Ceodes coronatacomb. nov., Ceodes diandracomb. nov., Ceodes gigantocarpacomb. nov., Ceodes gracilescenscomb. nov., Ceodes lanceolatacomb. nov., Ceodes merytifoliacomb. nov., Ceodes muellerianacomb. nov., Ceodes rapaensiscomb. nov., Ceodes sechellarumcomb. nov., Ceodes taitensiscomb. nov. et Ceodes wagnerianacomb. nov. Une distribution générale de chaque espèce reconnue dans ce travail est également incluse, ainsi que des dessins au trait et des images en couleur des espèces représentatives de Ceodes, Pisonia et Rockia, et préparé une clé dichotomique mise à jour basée sur les caractères reproductifs des neuf genres (Ceodes, Cephalotomandra, Grajalesia, Guapira, Neea, Neeopsis, Pisonia, Pisoniella et Rockia) comprenant la tribu Pisonieae.

Download Full-text