Esophyllas, a new genus of erigonine spiders from southern California (Araneae: Linyphiidae: Erigoninae)

Zootaxa ◽  
2012 ◽  
Vol 3265 (1) ◽  
pp. 1
Author(s):  
THOMAS R. PRENTICE ◽  
RICHARD A. REDAK
Keyword(s):  
Type Species ◽  
Southern California ◽  
New Genus ◽  
Sister Group ◽  
Data Matrix ◽  
Distribution Map ◽  
Sem Images ◽  
Vast Number ◽  
Phylogenetic Placement ◽  
Character Divergence

We erect a new genus, Esophyllas n. gen., to place two litter dwelling species of erigonine spiders from southern Califor-nia the type species, E. vetteri n. sp. and E. synankylis n. sp. A detailed genus diagnosis is presented as well as compre-hensive morphological descriptions, artist illustrations, and SEM images for each species. We also provide data on habitataffinities, phenology, and distribution, including a distribution map figure. For tentative phylogenetic placement both spe-cies were scored for the characters in the data matrix of Miller & Hormiga (2004) and subsequently entered into the ex-panded matrix of Frick et al. (2010). The analysis places Esophyllas n. gen. within the “distal erigonines” as sister toScirites Bishop and Crosby in a polytomy with Tapinocyba Simon 1884 and Abacoproeces (L. Koch). Data from morpho-logical comparisons with taxa not included in the expanded matrix do not strongly support these relationships but insteadsuggest that Esophyllas n. gen. is more closely related to Phlattothrata parva (Kulczyn’ski 1926). However, in light ofthe extent of character divergence from the above genera we contend that the true sister group to Esophyllas n. gen. either has not yet been described or is among the vast number of phylogenetically untested taxa.

On Putaoa, a new genus of the spider family Pimoidae (Araneae) from China, with a cladistic test of its monophyly and phylogenetic placement

Zootaxa ◽  
2008 ◽  
Vol 1792 (1) ◽  
pp. 1 ◽  
Author(s):  
GUSTAVO HORMIGA ◽  
LIHONG TU
Keyword(s):  
New Species ◽  
Type Species ◽  
New Genus ◽  
Sister Group ◽  
Morphological Characters ◽  
New Combination ◽  
Sister Group Relationship ◽  
Parsimony Analysis ◽  
Phylogenetic Placement

The spider genus Putaoa new genus (Araneae, Pimoidae) is described to place two species of pimoids from China, Putaoa huaping new species (the type species) and P. megacantha (Xu & Li, 2007) new combination. Parsimony analysis of morphological characters provides support for the monophyly of Putaoa and for its sister group relationship to the genus Weintrauboa Hormiga, 2003 and corroborates the monophyly of Pimoidae.

Rediagnosis of the squat lobster genus Gastroptychus Caullery, 1896, with a new genus Sternostylus and a new family Sternostylidae (Crustacea: Decapoda: Anomura: Chirostyloidea)

Zootaxa ◽  
2018 ◽  
Vol 4524 (1) ◽  
pp. 77 ◽  
Author(s):  
KEIJI BABA ◽  
SHANE T. AHYONG ◽  
KAREEN E. SCHNABEL
Keyword(s):  
Type Species ◽  
Anterior Margin ◽  
New Genus ◽  
Sister Group ◽  
Sensu Stricto ◽  
The Other ◽  
Squat Lobster ◽  
Terminal Spine ◽  
New Family ◽  
Left And Right

The chirostyloidean squat lobster genus Gastroptychus Caullery, 1896 is revised and is split into two genera: Gastroptychus sensu stricto (type species, Ptychogaster spinifer A. Milne-Edwards, 1880) and Sternostylus new genus (type species, Ptychogaster formosus Filhol, 1884). Gastroptychus sensu stricto, is restricted to nine species with a sternal plastron, at sternite 3, abruptly demarcated from the preceding sternites (excavated sternum) by a distinct step forming a well-defined transverse or concave anterior margin at the articulation with maxillipeds 3, the maxillipeds 3 widely separated, with the distal parts accommodated in the excavated sternum between the left and right maxillipeds 3 when folded, and the P2–4 dactyli with the terminal spine demarcated by a suture. Sternostylus new genus, represented by 12 species, has the sternite 3 anteriorly bluntly produced medially and steeply sloping anterodorsally to the anterior sternite, with a pair of spines directly behind the anterior margin, the left and right maxillipeds 3 adjacent, and the P2–4 dactyli ending in an indistinctly demarcated corneous spine. The above-mentioned characters of Gastroptychus are consistent with Chirostylidae sensu stricto. Published molecular phylogenies indicate, however, that Sternostylus is the sister group to all the other Chirostylidae, and is designated the type genus of a new family, Sternostylidae. 

Revision of the genus Rhytidaspis Redtenbacher, 1891 including the description of a new genus Haudrhytidaspis gen. nov. (Orthoptera: Tettigoniidae: Conocephalinae)

Zootaxa ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 4661 (2) ◽  
pp. 343-370
Author(s):  
SIGFRID INGRISCH
Keyword(s):  
Type Species ◽  
New Genus ◽  
Complex Structure ◽  
New Guinea ◽  
Distribution Map ◽  
Key To Species ◽  
Papua Barat

The genus Rhytidaspis Redtenbacher, 1891 is revised. The species R. fusca (Karny, 1911) is removed from the genus and combined with Haudrhytidaspis gen. nov. as type species, leaving only the type species R. picta Redtenbacher, 1891 in Rhytidaspis. The shapes of the male cerci and the complex structure of the male titillators in Rhytidaspis allows to differentiate between seven species and two subspecies of which six species and two subspecies are new to science: R. arfak sp. n., R. camela sp. n., R. genyem sp. n., R. nigropunctata sp. n., R. ornata sp. n., R. variata sp. n., R. variata brevis ssp. n., R. variata meja ssp. n.. A dichotomic key to species and a distribution map are provided. All records of Rhytidaspis known so far are from western New Guinea: Papua and Papua Barat (Indonesia) including Waigeo Island. Haudrhytidaspis fusca (Karny, 1911) had been described from New Guinea without precision.

Parapsectrocladius: a new genus of orthocladiine Chironomidae (Diptera) from Patagonia, the southern Andes

2000 ◽  
Vol 31 (1) ◽  
pp. 103-120 ◽  
Author(s):  
Peter S. Cranston
Keyword(s):  
Type Species ◽  
New Genus ◽  
Sister Group ◽  
Lowland River ◽  
Immature Stages ◽  
Southern Chile ◽  
Life History Stages ◽  
Female Pupa ◽  
Andean South America ◽  
First Time

AbstractParapsectrocladius is described in all life history stages as a new genus with type-species Cardiocladius acuminatus Edwards, for four species from Andean South America. The female, pupa and larva of P. acuminatus are described for the first time, from Chile; all stages of P. escondido Cranston & Añón Suárez, sp. n., are described from lentic patagonian Argentina, all stages of Parapsectrocladius reissi sp. n. from a pond in Valdivia, Chile, and P. longistylus sp. n. from males from several locations in south Chile and Argentina and the putatively associated female and pupa from southern Chile. The clade is Patagonian, with larvae occurring in Andean pools, ponds and lakes, including glacial-fed ones, and also in one lowland river in Chiloe. Previous suggested relationships to Cardiocladius Kieffer or Paratrissocladius Zavrel are rejected following phylogenetic analysis, with these placements suggested as due to adult male -based convergent character states. The immature stages, which show resemblance to Psectrocladius Kieffer and Rheocricotopus Thienemann & Harnisch, and the female contribute evidence that Parapsectrocladius forms the sister group to Psectrocladius, which appears monophyletic despite its subgeneric heterogeneity. Immediate next relations to Psectrocladius + Parapsectrocladius are postulated as (Rheocricotopus (both subgenera) + Paracricotopus) then (Nanocladius + Doncricotopus) at next remove.

On the new monotypic wolf spider genus Ovia gen. nov. (Araneae: Lycosidae, Lycosinae)

Zootaxa ◽  
2017 ◽  
Vol 4221 (3) ◽  
pp. 366 ◽  
Author(s):  
PRADEEP M. SANKARAN ◽  
JOBI J. MALAMEL ◽  
POTHALIL A. SEBASTIAN
Keyword(s):  
Sexual Dimorphism ◽  
Current Distribution ◽  
Type Species ◽  
New Genus ◽  
Wolf Spider ◽  
Distribution Map ◽  
Apical Process ◽  
Mating Plug ◽  
Relationship Of ◽  
A Current

A new monotypic wolf spider genus, Ovia gen. nov. is proposed to accommodate a misplaced species: Pardosa procurva Yu & Song, 1988. Ovia procurva comb. nov. is redescribed, illustrated and designated as the type species for the genus. The subfamily placement of the new genus is discussed and it is considered as a member of Lycosinae Sundevall, 1833 and possibly closely related to Alopecosa Simon, 1885. The presence of an apical process (spur) on the median apophysis is proposed as the putative synapomorphy of Ovia gen. nov. The possible sister-taxon relationship of Ovia gen. nov. with Alopecosa is discussed and evidence on the occurrence of sexual dimorphism and mating plug within the genus are presented. Ovia gen. nov. is assumed to be of Holarctic origin, from which it has migrated to the Indomalayan region. Additionally, a current distribution map for the genus is provided. 

scholarly journals The new spider genus Palindroma, featuring a novel synapomorphy for the Zodariidae (Araneae)

2015 ◽  
Author(s):  
Rudy Jocqué ◽  
Arnaud Henrard
Keyword(s):  
Type Species ◽  
New Genus ◽  
Central Africa ◽  
Sister Group ◽  
Coastal Forest ◽  
Miombo Woodland ◽  
The Family ◽  
Fitting In

The new genus Palindroma gen. nov. is described in the Cryptothelinae, Zodariidae. Apart from the type species, P. morogorom gen. et sp. nov. (♂♀), the genus contains P. aleykyela gen. et sp. nov. (♂), P. avonova gen. et sp. nov. (♂♀), P. sinis gen. et sp. nov. (♂) and the somewhat aberrant species P. obmoimiombo gen. et sp. nov. (♂). The four typical representatives of the genus are characterized by the profile of the carapace with a slight dip, the absence of precoxal sclerites and the characters of the male palp with enlarged tibia, large subtegulum and tegular retrolateral knob. The genus occurs in miombo-woodland and coastal forest in East and Central Africa and this peculiar distribution is discussed. A key to the males of the Palindroma species is provided. Specimens of Palindroma have a particularly well-developed tibial process fitting in a shallow metatarsal pouch on all legs in both sexes. Although less conspicuous in some derived taxa, the feature appears to be present in all representatives of the Zodariidae, but not in possible sister-group taxa and is thus an autapomorphy of the family.

scholarly journals Latidrymus, a new genus of Drymini from the Oriental Region (Hemiptera: Heteroptera: Rhyparochromidae)

2017 ◽  
Vol 57 (1) ◽  
pp. 47-59
Author(s):  
Előd Kondorosy
Keyword(s):  
New Species ◽  
Type Species ◽  
New Genus ◽  
Distribution Map ◽  
Oriental Region ◽  
Northeastern India

Abstract Latidrymus gen. nov. (Hemiptera: Heteroptera: Rhyparochromidae: Rhyparochrominae: Drymini) is described, with four new species included: L. puskasi sp. nov. (type species) from India, Thailand and Laos, L. elevatus sp. nov. and L. flavus sp. nov. from Laos, and L. zetteli sp. nov. from northeastern India. A key to the species and a distribution map are provided.

Isleria, a new genus of antwren (Aves: Passeriformes: Thamnophilidae)

Zootaxa ◽  
2012 ◽  
Vol 3195 (1) ◽  
pp. 61 ◽  
Author(s):  
GUSTAVO A. BRAVO ◽  
R. TERRY CHESSER ◽  
ROBB T. BRUMFIELD
Keyword(s):  
Phylogenetic Analysis ◽  
Type Species ◽  
New Genus ◽  
Sister Group ◽  
Molecular Phylogenetic Analysis ◽  
The Family ◽  
Molecular Phylogenetic

A comprehensive molecular phylogenetic analysis of the family Thamnophilidae indicated that the genus Myrmotherula is not monophyletic. The clade composed of M. guttata and M. hauxwelli is only distantly related to other members of the genus and should be removed from Myrmotherula. The phenotypic distinctiveness of the clade argues against merging it with its sister group Thamnomanes and no generic name is available for the guttata-hauxwelli clade. Consequently, we describe the genus Isleria for these two species, and designate Myrmothera guttata as its type species.

Asiorrhina, a new Oriental genus of Lygistorrhinidae (Diptera: Sciaroidea) and its phylogenetic position

Zootaxa ◽  
2009 ◽  
Vol 2295 (1) ◽  
pp. 31-45 ◽  
Author(s):  
VLADIMIR BLAGODEROV ◽  
HEIKKI HIPPA ◽  
JAN ŠEVČÍK
Keyword(s):  
New Species ◽  
Type Species ◽  
New Genus ◽  
Sister Group ◽  
Systematic Position ◽  
Monophyletic Group ◽  
Phylogenetic Position ◽  
Fossil Genus ◽  
A New Species

A new genus of Lygistorrhinidae, Asiorrhina gen. n., and a new species, Asiorrhina parasiatica sp. n., are described. Asiorrhina asiatica (Senior-White) comb. n. is redescribed and selected as the type species for the new genus. The systematic position of the new genus is discussed. All recent taxa of Lygistorrhinidae form a monophyletic group with the fossil genus Palaeognoriste Meunier as the sister group.

scholarly journals Phylogeography and sister group of Lupangus, a new genus for three new flightless allopatric forest litter weevils endemic to the Eastern Arc Mountains, Tanzania (Coleoptera: Curculionidae, Molytinae)

2017 ◽  
Vol 49 (1) ◽  
pp. 37 ◽  
Author(s):  
Vasily V. Grebennikov
Keyword(s):  
Type Species ◽  
New Genus ◽  
Phylogenetic Analyses ◽  
Forest Litter ◽  
Temporal Analysis ◽  
Sister Group ◽  
Eastern Arc Mountains ◽  
Climatic Fluctuations ◽  
Mitochondrial Coi ◽  
Eastern Arc

This paper reports discovery of a new genus <em>Lupangus</em> gen. n. with three new flightless weevils endemic to the forests of the Eastern Arc Mountains in Tanzania: <em>L. asterius</em> sp. n. (East Usambara; the type species), <em>L. jason</em> sp. n. (Uluguru) and<em> L. orpheus</em> sp. n. (Udzungwa). Maximum Likelihood phylogenetic analyses using parts of mitochondrial (COI), nuclear ribosomal (28S) genes, as well as the nuclear spacer region (ITS2) from 46 terminals grouped together the reciprocally monophyletic <em>Lupangus</em> (3 terminals) and <em>Typoderus</em> (3 terminals), with all three clades strongly supported. Phylogenetic analysis of 32 COI-5’ sequences recovered <em>Lupangus</em> species as reciprocally monophyletic, with <em>L</em>. <em>orpheus</em> being the sister to the rest. Internal phylogeny within both <em>L. jason</em> and <em>L.</em> <em>orpheus</em> are geographically structured, while that of <em>L. asterius</em> is not. Temporal analysis of <em>Lupangus</em> evolution using COI-5’ data assessed under slow and fast substitution rate schemes estimated separation of mitochondrial lineages leading to three <em>Lupangus</em> species at about 7–8 Ma and about 1.9–2.1 Ma, respectively. Temporal analyses consistently failed to suggest correlation between the timing of <em>Lupangus</em> evolution and the late Pleistocene climatic fluctuations, thus rejecting the hypothesis of faunal interchanges during the wettest periods of the last million years. Applicability of flightless weevils for dispersal-vicariance analysis is reviewed, and their mostly undocumented and taxonomically entangled diversity in the Tanzanian Eastern Arc Mountains is briefly highlighted.

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