Wieseria bicepes sp. nov. (Nematoda: Oxystominidae) from the South China Sea

Zootaxa ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 4722 (4) ◽  
pp. 389-394
Author(s):  
SUSU JIA ◽  
YONG HUANG
Keyword(s):  
South China Sea ◽  
South China ◽  
The South China Sea ◽  
Present Species ◽  
Marine Nematodes ◽  
Congeneric Species ◽  
The South ◽  
Free Living ◽  
China Sea ◽  
Tail Tip

One unrecorded species of free-living marine nematodes from the South China Sea is described as Wieseria bicepes sp. nov. The present species is characterized by three circles of anterior sensilla nearly equal in length; four cephalic setae just behind the outer labial setae; oblong amphideal fovea with double contours and a handle-like protrusion at the base; tail tip bifurcate; spicules slightly curved with proximally cephalated and distally tapered; gubernaculum absent. The species is easily distinguished from the congeneric species by tail with a bifurcate tip and cephalic setae closely adjacent to labial setae. 

Three new free-living marine nematode species of Dorylaimopsis (Nematoda: Araeolaimida: Comesomatidae) from the South China Sea and the Chukchi Sea

Zootaxa ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 4608 (3) ◽  
pp. 433 ◽  
Author(s):  
SUJING FU ◽  
DANIEL LEDUC ◽  
YIYONG RAO ◽  
LIZHE CAI
Keyword(s):  
South China Sea ◽  
South China ◽  
Chukchi Sea ◽  
The South China Sea ◽  
Valid Species ◽  
Marine Nematode ◽  
The South ◽  
Free Living ◽  
Pharyngeal Bulb ◽  
China Sea

Three new species of the free-living marine nematode genus Dorylaimopsis are described from the South China Sea and the Chukchi Sea. Dorylaimopsis longispicula sp. n. is characterized by cuticle with lateral differentiation consisting of four longitudinal rows of larger dots in pharyngeal and tail regions, two rows of larger dots elsewhere, long curved spicules, and 12–16 tubular precloacal supplements. Dorylaimopsis boucheri sp. n. is characterized by lateral differentiation consisting of 3–4 longitudinal rows of larger dots in males and 4–6 rows in females, beginning about 30 μm posterior to amphids and terminating at the conical portion of the tail, 13–16 tubular precloacal supplements, and distal part of tail cylindrical without terminal setae. Dorylaimopsis jinyuei sp. n. is characterized by cuticle with lateral differentiation in the form of longitudinal rows of larger dots in two separate regions, not along entire body. One region is from posterior edge of amphid to anterior of intestine or anterior border of pharyngeal bulb in some females (4–7 longitudinal rows), the other is the tail region (5–7 longitudinal rows). In this paper, Dorylaimopsis metatypica Chitwood, 1936 is transferred to Hopperia because it is characterized by lateral differentiation consisting of larger, irregularly-distributed coarse dots (as in Hopperia), and Hopperia communis Gagarin & Nguyen, 2006 is transferred to Dorylaimopsis based on the presence of longitudinal rows of coarse dots and a cylindrical buccal cavity in most specimens of this species. A dichotomous key to valid species of Dorylaimopsis Ditlevsen, 1918 is provided. 

Ototyphlonemertes longissima sp. nov. (Hoplonemertea: Monostilifera: Ototyphlonemertidae), a new interstitial nemertean from the South China Sea

Zootaxa ◽  
2018 ◽  
Vol 4527 (4) ◽  
pp. 581
Author(s):  
HAI-LONG LIU
Keyword(s):  
South China Sea ◽  
South China ◽  
Genetic Divergence ◽  
Species Group ◽  
The South China Sea ◽  
The Other ◽  
Present Species ◽  
The South ◽  
China Sea

Ototyphlonemertes longissima sp. nov is described from the South China Sea. The present species, up to 158 mm long, is about three times longer than the longest previously reported individual known in the genus. It possesses a narrow stylet basis, a bulbous proboscis diaphragm, a long middle proboscis chamber, sculptured stylets, polygranular statocysts and excretory tubules, and thus belongs to the O. macintoshi species group. The genetic divergence (average uncorrected p-distance) between O. longissima (representing a unique network in TCS analysis) and the other species (TCS networks) of genus Ototyphlonemertes is 0.135–0.185. 

scholarly journals Characterization of particle-associated and free-living bacterial and archaeal communities along the water columns of the South China Sea

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jiangtao Li ◽  
Lingyuan Gu ◽  
Shijie Bai ◽  
Jie Wang ◽  
Lei Su ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
South China Sea ◽  
Microbial Communities ◽  
South China ◽  
Deep Ocean ◽  
Archaeal Community ◽  
The South China Sea ◽  
The South ◽  
Free Living ◽  
China Sea ◽  
Archaeal Communities

Abstract. There is a growing recognition of the role of particle-attached (PA) and free-living (FL) microorganisms in marine carbon cycle. However, current understanding of PA and FL microbial communities is largely on those in the upper photic zone, and relatively fewer studies have focused on microbial communities of the deep ocean. Moreover, archaeal populations receive even less attention. In this study, we determined bacterial and archaeal community structures of both the PA and FL assemblages at different depths, from the surface to the bathypelagic zone along two water column profiles in the South China Sea. Our results suggest that environmental parameters including depth, seawater age, salinity, POC, DOC, DO and silicate play a role in structuring these microbial communities. Generally, the PA microbial communities have relatively low abundance and diversity compared with the FL microbial communities at most depths. Further microbial community analysis revealed that PA and FL fractions generally accommodate significantly divergent microbial compositions at each depth. The PA bacterial communities mainly comprise members of Actinobacteria and γ-Proteobacteria, together with some from Bacteroidetes, Planctomycetes and δ-Proteobacteria, while the FL bacterial lineages are mostly distributed within α-, γ-Proteobacteria, Actinobacteria and Bacteroidetes, along with certain members from β-, δ-Proteobacteria, Planctomycetes and Firmicutes. Moreover, there is an obvious shifting in the dominant PA and FL bacterial compositions along the depth profiles from the surface to the bathypelagic deep. By contrast, both PA and FL archaeal communities dominantly consist of Marine Group II (MGII) and Marine Group I (MGI), together with variable minor Marine Group III (MGIII), Methanosarcinales, Marine Benthic Group A (MBG-A) and Woesearchaeota. However, the pronounced distinction of archaeal community compositions between PA and FL fractions are observed at finer taxonomic level. A high proportion overlap of microbial compositions between PA and FL fractions implies that most microorganisms are potentially generalists with PA and FL dual lifestyle for versatile metabolic flexibility. In addition, microbial distribution along the depth profile indicates a potential vertical connectivity between the surface-specific microbial lineages and those in the deep ocean, likely through microbial attachment to sinking particles.

Elzalia heterospiculata sp. nov. (Nematoda: Monhysterida: Xyalidae) from the South China Sea

Zootaxa ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 4603 (3) ◽  
pp. 568 ◽  
Author(s):  
SUSU JIA ◽  
YONG HUANG
Keyword(s):  
South China Sea ◽  
South China ◽  
Nematode Species ◽  
The South China Sea ◽  
The South ◽  
Free Living ◽  
Seabed Sediment ◽  
China Sea ◽  
The Family ◽  
Left Spicule

A new free-living marine nematode species of the genus Elzalia belonging to the family Xyalidae is described from the seabed sediment of the northeast region of the South China Sea. Elzalia heterospiculata sp. nov. is characterized by elongated spicules unequal in length, left spicule prominently longer than right spicule, ratio of body length to spicule length is 4.7–6.2; complex gubernaculum consisting of four sections, apophyses clavate, 12–14 µm long; and amphideal fovea positioned near the top of the head. It is similar to E. federici Castillo-Fernandez and Lambshead, 1990 and E. floresi Gerlach, 1957. However, the new species differs from the similar two species in having markedly unequal spicules, complex gubernaculum consisting of four sections, amphideal fovea close to the top of the head. Updated key to all species of Elzalia is provided.

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