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ZooKeys ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 1076 ◽  
pp. 125-133
Author(s):  
Takahiro Yoshida ◽  
Kiyoshi Ando

The genus Platycotylus Olliff, 1883 (Coleoptera: Tenebrionidae) is recorded from Japan (Nakanoshima Island, Tokara Islands) for the first time, through the discovery of a new and remarkable species, Platycotylus merklisp. nov., which is described herein. The male of this new species can be distinguished from all known males of other congeneric species by its long and asymmetrical epistomal horn. Although this new species is most similar to Platycotylus parvicollis (Pic, 1923), for which a male has not been examined, it can be distinguished from this species by its simple sparse pronotal punctation, smaller eyes, and acutely produced temples.


PeerJ ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 9 ◽  
pp. e12417
Author(s):  
Mateusz Wala ◽  
Jeremi Kołodziejek ◽  
Janusz Mazur ◽  
Alicja Cienkowska

Centaurea scabiosa L. and C. stoebe Tausch are known to co-exist naturally in two extremely different types of open dry habitats in the temperate zone, alkaline xerothermic grasslands and acidic dry grasslands. However, knowledge about their preferences to edaphic conditions, including soil acidity (pH), and iron (Fe) availability is scarce. Therefore, experimental comparison of soil requirements (acidic Podzol vs alkaline Rendzina) of these species was carried out. The study was designed as a pot experiment and conducted under field conditions. Fe availability was increased by application of Fe-HBED. Reactions of plants to edaphic conditions were determined using growth measurements, leaf morphometric measurements, chlorosis scoring, chlorophyll content and chlorophyll a fluorescence (OJIP) quantification as well as determination of element content (Ca, Mg, Fe, Mn, Zn and Cu). Growth and leaf morphometrical traits of the studied congeneric species were affected similarly by the soil type and differently by the chelate treatment. Increased availability of Fe in Rendzina contrasted the species, as treatment with 25 µmol Fe-HBED kg−1 soil promoted growth only in C. stoebe. Both species turned out to be resistant to Fe-dependent chlorosis which was also reflected in only minor changes in chlorophyll a fluorescence parameters. Both species showed relatively low nutritional demands. Surprisingly, Fe-HBED did not stimulate Fe acquisition in the studied species, nor its translocation along the root:shoot axis. Furthermore, contrary to expectations, C. scabiosa took up less Fe from the acidic than alkaline soil. C. scabiosa not only absorbed more Ca and Zn but also translocated greater amounts of these elements to shoots than C. stoebe. Both species acquired more Mg on Podzol than on Rendzina which suggests adaptation allowing avoidance of aluminum (Al) toxicity on acidic soils. Overall, it seems that C. scabiosa prefers alkaline soils, whilst C. stoebe prefers acidic ones.


2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Anastasios Limnios ◽  
Chloe Adamopoulou ◽  
Miguel A. Carretero ◽  
Panayiotis Pafilis
Keyword(s):  

2021 ◽  
Vol 886 (1) ◽  
pp. 012043
Author(s):  
M A Palgunadi ◽  
N P Oka ◽  
A Achmad

Abstract Two species of Palaquium (P. maliliensis and P. obovatum) were found coexist in same habitat in the educational forest of Hasanuddin University (Unhas). Two or more species are living in a habitat could be formed from similar parent through genetic isolation process without geographic isolation and was classified as sympatric congeneric species. So far, sympatric congeneric species is still controversial among researchers. Based on this case, the purpose of this study was to determine the microhabitat and morphological differences between the two species. The methods of the study were conducted by purposively selecting 21 samples of P. maliliensis and 20 samples of P. obovatum at the tree level. In each samples found, the microhabitat characteristics (topographic position and slope) and morphological characteristics (leaf, buttress root, and morphological in general) were observed. Morphological measurement data were analyzed with correlation test for intra-species variable and real difference test for inter-species variable. This study concluded that the slope was one of the major microhabitat factors that has driven the process of sympatric speciation between P. maliliensis and P. obovatum. In morphological characteristics, differences between P. maliliensis and P. obovatum appeared in the form of leaves.


2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Elena Marco-Herrero ◽  
Jose A. Cuesta ◽  
J. Ignacio González-Gordillo

AbstractMegalopas of 15 brachyuran crab species collected in the open sea plankton, and unknown until now, were identified using DNA barcodes (COI and 16S rRNA). Specimens belonging to the families Portunidae, Pseudorhombilidae and Xanthidae (Crustacea, Decapoda, Brachyura), and corresponding to the species Achelous floridanus, Arenaeus mexicanus, Callinectes amnicola, C. arcuatus, C. ornatus, C. toxones, Charybdis (Charybdis) hellerii, Portunus hastatus, Thalamita admete, Scopolius nuttingi, Etisus odhneri, Liomera cinctimanus, Neoliomera cerasinus, Pseudoliomera variolosa, and Williamstimpsonia stimpsoni, are described and illustrated, and compared with other congeneric species previously described. We also provide a new geographical record for N. cerasinus and the most remarkable features for each species.


2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Anastasios Limnios ◽  
Chloe Adamopoulou ◽  
Miguel A. Carretero ◽  
Panayiotis Pafilis
Keyword(s):  

Author(s):  
Arthertone Jere ◽  
Wilson Jere ◽  
Austin Mtethiwa ◽  
Daud Kassam

Investigating the determinants of reproductive biology of fishes is an essential component of biological research. Breeding pattern was investigated to determine the impact of exotic Oreochromis niloticus on the native congeneric Oreochromis macrochir in the upper Kabompo River. Gonado-somatic index and sex ratio was used to investigate the breeding pattern in both invaded (where O. niloticus is present) and uninvaded (where O. niloticus is absent) sections of the river. Oreochromis macrochir was the only native congeneric species found in both sections. Results showed that the overall gonado-somatic index means for both sexes of O. macrochir in both sections were similar. For O. niloticus in invaded section indicated all year reproduction though reduced spawning in cold season (May-June), but with increased spawning activity in wet season (February-March). In O. macrochir, males and females were found breeding in both dry and wet seasons only, as for cold season no reproduction was recorded. Sex ratio (females: males) was 1:1.3 and 1:1.7 for O. niloticus and O. macrochir respectively, and both significantly deviated from the sex ratio of 1:1 (ꭓ2=8.42 and 9.37; p<0.05). Oreochromis niloticus formed the most abundant fish caught 221(63.5%) than O. macrochir 127(36.5%). Our study has revealed that O. niloticus was able to spawn in all seasons with 23% higher breeding population than O. macrochir, which explains the suppression in the abundance. We expect O. niloticus to invade further downstream of the Kabompo River due to natural dispersion.


PhytoKeys ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 182 ◽  
pp. 57-66
Author(s):  
Jing Zhou ◽  
Jun-Mei Niu ◽  
Xin-Yue Wang ◽  
Pei Wang ◽  
Ming-Jia Guo ◽  
...  

A new species, Cyclorhiza puana J. Zhou &amp; Z.W. Liu (Apiaceae) from Sichuan Province of China, is described and illustrated here. Morphological comparisons with congeneric species revealed that it is distinguished by its slender habit, sparse annular scars, 4-pinnatisect leaf blade with ultimate segments linear (2–4×0.5–1 mm), subequal rays, oblong fruits with slightly thickened ribs, obconic stylopodium and slightly concave seed face. A molecular analysis based on nuclear ribosomal DNA internal transcribed spacer (ITS) sequences indicated that C. puana is genetically distinct from the other two species of the genus. A distribution map, as well as an updated key, are provided for the species of Cyclorhiza.


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