archaeal community
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2022 ◽  
Author(s):  
Liyan Song ◽  
Yangqing Wang ◽  
Rui Zhang ◽  
Shu Yang

Abstract Landfills is a unique “terrestrial ecosystem” and serves as a significant carbon sink. Microorganism convert biodegradable substances in municipal solid waste (MSW) to CH4, CO2 and microbial biomass, consisting of the carbon cycling in landfills. Meanwhile, microbial mediated N and S cycles affect carbon cycling. How microbial community structure and function respond to C, N, and S cycling during solid waste decomposition, however are not well characterized. Here we show the response of bacterial and archaeal community structure and functions to C, N, and S cycling during solid waste decomposition in a long-term (265 days) operation laboratory-scale bioreactor through 16S rRNA based pyrosequencing and metagenomics analysis. Bacterial and archaeal community composition varied during solid waste decomposition. Aerobic respiration was the main pathway for CO2 emission, while anaerobic C fixation was the main pathway in carbon fixation. Methanogenesis and denitrification increased during solid waste decomposition, suggesting increasing CH4 and N2O emission. In contract, fermentation decreased along solid waste decomposition. Interestingly, Clostridiales were abundant and showed potential for several pathways in C, N, and S cycling. Archaea were involved in many pathways of C and N cycles. There is a shift between bacteria and archaea involvement in N2 fixation along solid waste decomposition that bacteria Clostridiales and Bacteroidales were initial dominant and then Methanosarcinales increased and became dominant in methanogenic phase. These results provide extensive microbial mediation of C, N, and S cycling profiles during solid waste decomposition.


Molecules ◽  
2022 ◽  
Vol 27 (2) ◽  
pp. 472
Author(s):  
Qianqian Ma ◽  
Yanli Li ◽  
Jianming Xue ◽  
Dengmiao Cheng ◽  
Zhaojun Li

Here, we investigated the impact of different turning frequency (TF) on dynamic changes of N fractions, NH3 emission and bacterial/archaeal community during chicken manure composting. Compared to higher TF (i.e., turning every 1 or 3 days in CMS1 or CMS3 treatments, respectively), lower TF (i.e., turning every 5 or 7 days in CMS5 or CMS7 treatments, respectively) decreased NH3 emission by 11.42–18.95%. Compared with CMS1, CMS3 and CMS7 treatments, the total nitrogen loss of CMS5 decreased by 38.03%, 17.06% and 24.76%, respectively. Ammonia oxidizing bacterial/archaeal (AOB/AOA) communities analysis revealed that the relative abundance of Nitrosospira and Nitrososphaera was higher in lower TF treatment during the thermophilic and cooling stages, which could contribute to the reduction of NH3 emission. Thus, different TF had a great influence on NH3 emission and microbial community during composting. It is practically feasible to increase the abundance of AOB/AOA through adjusting TF and reduce NH3 emission the loss of nitrogen during chicken manure composting.


Author(s):  
Sharmin Akter Chowdhury ◽  
Aya Kaneko ◽  
Md Zakaria Ibne Baki ◽  
Chikako Takasugi ◽  
Natsumi Wada ◽  
...  

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Caterina Agrimonti ◽  
Giovanna Visoli ◽  
Graziano Ferrari ◽  
Anna Maria Sanangelantoni

Abstract The bacterial and archaeal communities of two biogas producing plants (P1 and P2), associated with a 999 kW cogeneration unit, both located in North Italy, were analyzed at start up and fully operating phases, by means of various molecular approaches: i) Automated Ribosomal Intergenic Spacer Analysis; ii) cloning and sequencing of PCR amplicons of archaeal genes 16Srrna and mcrA; iii) 16S rDNA high throughput next generation sequencing. P1 and P2 use the same technology and both were fed with cattle manure and corn silage. During the study of P1 also the post digestor (fed with pig manure) was analyzed. The aim of this research was to characterize the bacterial and archaeal community in two very similar plants to profile the core microbiome. The results of this analysis highlighted that the two plants (producing comparable quantities of volatile fatty acids, biogas, and energy) differed in anerobic microbiota (Bacteria and Archaea). Notably the methanogenic community of P1 was dominated by the strict acetoclastic Methanosaeta (Methanothrix) (up to 23.05%) and the unculturable Candidatus Methanofastidiosum (up to 32.70%), while P2 was dominated by the acetoclastic, but more substrate-versatile, Methanosarcina archaeal genus (49.19%). The data demonstrated that the performances of plants with identical design, in similar operating conditions, yielding comparable amount of biogas (average of 8662 m3 /day and 7916 m3/day respectively for P1 and P2), VFA (1643 mg/L and 1634 mg/L) and energy recovery (23.90-24 MWh/d) depends on the stabilization of an effective and functionally optimized methanogenic community rather than on the species composition


2021 ◽  
Vol 9 (11) ◽  
pp. 1304
Author(s):  
Pengyuan Liu ◽  
Haikun Zhang ◽  
Zenglei Song ◽  
Yanyan Huang ◽  
Xiaoke Hu

Little is known about the seasonal dynamic of archaeal communities and their potential ecological functions in temperate seagrass ecosystems. In this study, seasonal changes in diversity, community structure, and potential metabolic functions of benthic archaea in surface sediments of two seagrass meadows along the northern Bohai Sea in China were investigated using Miseq sequencing of the 16S rRNA gene and Tax4Fun2 functional prediction. Overall, Crenarchaeota (mainly Bathy-15, Bathy-8, and Bathy-6) dominated, followed by Thermoplasmatota, Asgardarchaeota, and Halobacterota, in terms of alpha diversities and relative abundance. Significant seasonal changes in the entire archaeal community structure were observed. The major phyla Methanobacteria, Nitrosopumilales, and genus Methanolobus had higher proportions in spring, while MBG-D and Bathyarchaeota were more abundant in summer and autumn, respectively. Alpha diversities (Shannon and Simpson) were the highest in summer and the lowest in autumn (ANOVA test, p < 0.05). Salinity, total organic carbon, and total organic nitrogen were the most significant factors influencing the entire archaeal community. Higher cellulose and hemicellulose degradation potentials occurred in summer, while methane metabolism potentials were higher in winter. This study indicated that season had strong effects in modulating bsenthic archaeal diversity and functional potentials in the temperate seagrass ecosystems.


2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jeffrey M Dick ◽  
Delong Meng

Thermodynamics predicts a positive correlation between environmental redox potential and oxidation state of molecules; if found for microbial communities it would imply a new kind of deterministic eco-evolutionary process. This study examines evidence for local- and global-scale correlations between oxidation-reduction potential (ORP or Eh) in environmental samples and carbon oxidation state (ZC) of estimated bacterial and archaeal community proteomes. Seventy-nine public datasets for seven environment types (river & seawater, lake & pond, alkaline spring, hot spring, groundwater, sediment, and soil) were analyzed. Taxonomic abundances inferred from high-throughput 16S rRNA gene sequences were combined with NCBI Reference Sequence (RefSeq) proteomes to estimate the amino acid compositions and chemical formulas (CcHhNnOoSs) of community proteomes, which yield ZC. Alkaline hot springs have the lowest ZC for both bacterial and archaeal domains of any environment. Positive global correlations between redox potential and ZC are found for bacterial communities in lake & pond, groundwater, and soil environments, but not archaeal communities, suggesting a broad ecological signal of chemical shaping in Bacteria.


2021 ◽  
Vol 12 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ziyan Zhou ◽  
Yanqin Wang ◽  
Mingxia Wang ◽  
Zhifeng Zhou

Anaerobic digestion is used to treat diverse waste classes, and polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) are a class of refractory compounds that common in wastes treated using anaerobic digestion. In this study, a microbial consortium with the ability to degrade phenanthrene under methanogenesis was enriched from paddy soil to investigate the cometabolic effect of glucose on methane (CH4) production and phenanthrene (a representative PAH) degradation under methanogenic conditions. The addition of glucose enhanced the CH4 production rate (from 0.37 to 2.25mg⋅L−1⋅d−1) but had no influence on the degradation rate of phenanthrene. Moreover, glucose addition significantly decreased the microbial α-diversity (from 2.59 to 1.30) of the enriched consortium but showed no significant effect on the microbial community (R2=0.39, p=0.10), archaeal community (R2=0.48, p=0.10), or functional profile (R2=0.48, p=0.10). The relative abundance of genes involved in the degradation of aromatic compounds showed a decreasing tendency with the addition of glucose, whereas that of genes related to CH4 synthesis was not affected. Additionally, the abundance of genes related to the acetate pathway was the highest among the four types of CH4 synthesis pathways detected in the enriched consortium, which averagely accounted for 48.24% of the total CH4 synthesis pathway, indicating that the acetate pathway is dominant in this phenanthrene-degrading system during methanogenesis. Our results reveal that achieving an ideal effect is diffcult via co-metabolism in a single-stage digestion system of PAH under methanogenesis; thus, other anaerobic systems with higher PAH removal efficiency should be combined with methanogenic digestion, assembling a multistage pattern to enhance the PAH removal rate and CH4 production in anaerobic digestion.


Author(s):  
Monika Vítězová ◽  
Jan Lochman ◽  
Martina Zapletalová ◽  
Stefan Ratering ◽  
Sylvia Schnell ◽  
...  

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