Forrestopius Gauld & Sithole, 2002 (Hymenoptera: Ichneumonidae: Metopiinae) in South America

Zootaxa ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 5040 (2) ◽  
pp. 265-282
Author(s):  
MABEL ALVARADO ◽  
EDGARD PALACIO
Keyword(s):  
South America ◽  
Identification Key ◽  
South American ◽  
The South ◽  
South American Species

The South American species of Forrestopius Gauld & Sithole, 2002 (Ichneumonidae: Metopiinae) are revised and the genus is redescribed. Eight species from Colombia, Ecuador, Perú, and Venezuela are described as new: F. auguratricis sp. nov., F. jumandi sp. nov., F. nasutus sp. nov., F. otavalo sp. nov., F. petiolatus sp. nov., F. runasimi sp. nov., F. wankawillka sp. nov., and F. yungas sp. nov. An illustrated identification key to all species of the genus is provided. As well, F. larryi Gauld & Sithole, 2002 is transferred to the genus Leurus.  

The South American species of Chalcis Fabricius (Hymenoptera: Chalcididae)

Zootaxa ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 4885 (3) ◽  
pp. 353-383
Author(s):  
PÂMELLA MACHADO SAGUIAH ◽  
ANA DAL MOLIN ◽  
MARCELO TEIXEIRA TAVARES
Keyword(s):  
New Species ◽  
South America ◽  
Northern Hemisphere ◽  
Identification Key ◽  
South American ◽  
The South ◽  
South American Species

Chalcis Fabricius (Hymenoptera: Chalcididae) currently includes over 50 described species, most of them from temperate regions of the Northern Hemisphere. Prior to the present study, only Chalcis pilicauda (Cameron) had been recorded from South America. The examination of specimens collected in Argentina, southern Bolivia, Brazil, Ecuador, Paraguay, and Uruguay allowed the description of six new species: C. boi Saguiah & Tavares sp. nov., C. danunciae Saguiah & Tavares sp. nov., C. intervalensis Saguiah & Tavares sp. nov., C. periotoi Saguiah & Tavares sp. nov., C. quechua Saguiah & Tavares sp. nov., and C. winstonae Saguiah & Tavares sp. nov. Chalcis pilicauda is redescribed, and C. ornatifrons (Cameron) stat. rev. is removed from synonym under C. pilicauda and re-established. An identification key for South American species is presented. 

Comparative anatomy of the gut of the South American species of Amitermes, with description of two new species and an identification key based on soldiers and workers

Zootaxa ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 4751 (1) ◽  
pp. 75-104
Author(s):  
MAURICIO M. ROCHA ◽  
ELIANA M. CANCELLO
Keyword(s):  
New Species ◽  
South America ◽  
Geographic Distribution ◽  
Comparative Anatomy ◽  
Distribution Patterns ◽  
South American ◽  
The South ◽  
South American Species ◽  
Two New Species ◽  
First Time

In this contribution we present updates on the taxonomy and morphology of the South American species of Amitermes. Two new species are described: Amitermes bandeirai, sp. n., from Brazil, and Amitermes lilloi, sp. n., from Argentina. Amitermes nordestinus is a junior synonym of Amitermes aporema. The imago of A. aporema is described for the first time. Detailed comparative gut anatomy of the eight species is presented for the first time. The geographic distribution of Amitermes in South America is expanded and the distribution patterns of some species are discussed. 

scholarly journals Identification key to the Anopheles mosquitoes of South America (Diptera: Culicidae). III. Male genitalia

2020 ◽  
Vol 13 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Maria Anice Mureb Sallum ◽  
Ranulfo González Obando ◽  
Nancy Carrejo ◽  
Richard C. Wilkerson
Keyword(s):  
South America ◽  
Species Identification ◽  
Male Genitalia ◽  
Morphological Characters ◽  
Identification Key ◽  
Careful Examination ◽  
South American ◽  
Type Specimens ◽  
South American Species ◽  
Accurate Identification

Abstract Background Accurate identification of the species of Anopheles Meigen, 1818 requires careful examination of all life stages. However, morphological characters, especially those of the females and fourth-instar larvae, show some degree of polymorphism and overlap among members of species complexes, and sometimes even within progenies. Characters of the male genitalia are structural and allow accurate identification of the majority of species, excluding only those in the Albitarsis Complex. In this key, based on the morphology of the male genitalia, traditionally used important characters are exploited together with additional characters that allow robust identification of male Anopheles mosquitoes in South America. Methods Morphological characters of the male genitalia of South American species of the genus Anopheles were examined and employed to construct a comprehensive, illustrated identification key. For those species for which specimens were not available, illustrations were based on published illustrations. Photographs of key characters of the genitalia were obtained using a digital Canon Eos T3i attached to a light Diaplan Leitz microscope. The program Helicon Focus was used to build single in-focus images by stacking multiple images of the same structure. Results An illustrated key to South American species of Anopheles based on the morphology of the male genitalia is presented, together with a glossary of morphological terms. The male genitalia of type-specimens of previously poorly documented species were also examined and included in the key, e.g. Anopheles (Anopheles) tibiamaculatus (Neiva, 1906) which has a unique quadrangular-shaped aedeagus with an apical opening. Conclusions Male genitalia of South American species of Anopheles possess robust characters that can be exploited for accurate species identification. Distortion that can occur during the dissection and mounting process can obstruct accurate identification; this is most evident with inadvertent damage or destruction of unique features and interferes with correctly assigning shapes of the features of the ventral claspette. In some species, the shape, and anatomical details of the aedeagus also need to be examined for species identification. For members of the Myzorhynchella Series, both ventral and dorsal claspettes possess multiple characteristics that are herein used as reliable characters for species identification.

scholarly journals Primer registro de Agave sisalana (Agavaceae, Asparagales) para Colombia

2020 ◽  
Vol 8 (2) ◽  
pp. 490-498
Author(s):  
Diego Giraldo-Cañas
Keyword(s):  
South America ◽  
Native Species ◽  
Yucatan Peninsula ◽  
South American ◽  
The South ◽  
South American Species ◽  
Reproductive Characteristics ◽  
Agave Fourcroydes ◽  
First Time ◽  
Agave Sisalana

Agave sisalana Perrine, a native species from Yucatán Peninsula (Mexico), is recorded for the first time for Colombia. It is morphologically related to Agave fourcroydes Lem. and Agave pax Giraldo-Cañas, but clearly differs from it in various vegetative and reproductive characteristics, which are given. Thus, a total of ten species of Agave are currently known in South America, seven are native and three are naturalized. A key for the South American species is included.

Revision of the South American species of Austrothaumalea Tonnoir (Diptera: Thaumaleidae)

Zootaxa ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 4853 (4) ◽  
pp. 509-526
Author(s):  
ROBERT J. PIVAR ◽  
BRADLEY J. SINCLAIR ◽  
JOHN K. MOULTON
Keyword(s):  
South America ◽  
Junior Synonym ◽  
South American ◽  
The South ◽  
South American Species ◽  
Distribution Maps ◽  
Phylogenetic Affinities

The Austrothaumalea fauna of South America is revised and includes five species: A. apicalis Edwards, A. chilensis Edwards, A. fredericki Pivar sp. nov., A. setipennis Edwards stat. rev. and A. spatulata Schmid. The genus Oterere McLellan syn. nov. is considered a new junior synonym of Austrothaumalea Tonnoir on the basis of several shared apomorphic characters. All previously described South American species are redescribed, including females where possible. Illustrations and micrographs of all species are provided, as well as distribution maps, keys to genera and species, and discussions regarding phylogenetic affinities. 

A taxonomic revision of the South American species of Pseudocanthon Bates, 1887 (Coleoptera: Scarabaeidae: Scarabaeinae: Deltochilini)

Zootaxa ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 5027 (1) ◽  
pp. 61-86
Author(s):  
EVERTON E. NAZARÉ-SILVA ◽  
FERNANDO A.B. SILVA
Keyword(s):  
New Species ◽  
Literature Review ◽  
South America ◽  
Taxonomic Revision ◽  
Morphological Characters ◽  
Valid Species ◽  
South American ◽  
The South ◽  
South American Species ◽  
Three New Species

The South American species of Pseudocanthon Bates, 1887 (Coleoptera: Scarabaeidae: Scarabaeinae: Deltochilini) are reviewed. In this work, 10 valid species and two subspecies are recognized for the genus. Among these species, five are recorded in South America, including three new species: P. perplexus (LeConte, 1847), P. xanthurus (Blanchard, 1847), P. vazdemelloi new species, P. pantanensis new species, and P. chaquensis new species. A lectotype is designated for P. xanthurus (Blanchard, 1847). In this revision, each species is analyzed as follows: a detailed literature review, an identification key for the South American species, a diagnosis, descriptions, illustrations of key morphological characters, list of examined material, and geographic distribution.  

New records and description of fifty-four new species of aquatic beetles in the genus Hydraena Kugelann from South America (Coleoptera: Hydraenidae)

Zootaxa ◽  
2011 ◽  
Vol 3074 (1) ◽  
pp. 1 ◽  
Author(s):  
PHILIP D. PERKINS
Keyword(s):  
New Species ◽  
South America ◽  
National Park ◽  
South American ◽  
The South ◽  
South American Species ◽  
San Luis ◽  
Water Beetle ◽  
Species Complexes ◽  
Cerro De La Neblina

The South American species of the water beetle genus Hydraena Kugelann, 1794, are revised, based on the study and databasing of 2,418 specimens. New collection records are provided for 14 previously described species, and 54 new species are described. The South American fauna now comprises 82 species, only three of which are also known to be present outside of South America. Two new species groups are described, and several new species complexes are diagnosed. A neotype is designated for Hydraena paraguayensis Janssens. High resolution digital images of the holotypes of new species are presented, asare images of the primary types of 18 previously described species (online versions in color). Geographic distributions of all South American Hydraena are mapped. Male genitalia, representative female terminal abdominal segments and representative spermathecae are illustrated. New species of Hydraena are: H. altiphila (Venezuela, Rio Milla at Merida Zoo); H. amazonica (Peru, Iquitos); H. ampla (Ecuador, Quevedo, 66 km E); H. atroscintilla (Ecuador, Nono, 15.1 km NW); H. beniensis (Bolivia, 40 km E San Borja, Estacion Biologica Beni, Palm Camp at Rio Curiraba); H. boliviana (Bolivia, 40 km E San Borja, Estacion Biologica Beni, Palm Camp at Rio Curiraba); H. buscintilla (Suriname, Sipaliwini District, Camp 3, Wehepai); H. challeti (Colombia, 8.2 km NE Guarne on Hwy to Bogota); H. cherylbarrae (Venezuela, Puerto Ayacucho (40 km S), El Tobogan, Cano Coromoto); H. clinodorsa (Bolivia, Yungas Val.); H. clystera (Bolivia, Chulumani); H. cochabamba (Bolivia, Cochabamba, 105 km E Yungas, nr. Rio Carmen Mayu (Cochabamba Villa Tunari Rd.); H. concepcionica (Paraguay, Est. San Luis); H. cordispina (Peru, Parque Manu, Pakitza, Trocha Dos, c.53); H. curvosa (Brazil, Para, Rio Xingu Camp, Altamira (ca 60 km S), 1st jungle stream on trail 4); H. d-concava (Peru, Quita Calzone Rd., at km 164); H. dariensis (Colombia, Rio Atrato, Sautata); H. diffusa (Paraguay, Est. San Luis); H. duohamata (Venezuela, Cerro de la Neblina, 1.5 km S Basecamp); H. ecuadormica (Ecuador, Quevedo); H. fasciola (Ecuador, oil production platform "Villano B"); H. flagella (Paraguay, Mbocayaty, Arroyo Gervasio); H. hintoni (Brazil, Porto Velho); H. kellymilleri (Venezuela, just S. of Communidad Porvenir); H. lilianae (Argentina, Punta Lara); H. loripes (Venezuela, Stream along Rio Sipapo, S. Communidad Cano Gato); H. manabica (Ecuador, 38 km E. of Portoviejo); H. mauriciogarciai (Venezuela, Perija National Park, Tukuko, Rio Manantial); H. mintrita (Venezuela, stream nr. San Antonio); H. multiloba (Bolivia, 40 km E. San Borja, Estacion Biologica Beni, Palm Camp at Rio Curiraba); H. multispina (Peru, Quita Calzone, at km 164); H. nanoscintilla (Brazil, Cuiabá, 66 km E Serra, MT); H. neblina (Venezuela, Cerro de la Neblina); H. novacula (Peru, Buenos Aires, at km 132); H. pantanalensis (Brazil, Rio Bento Gomes (Pantanal); H. Quelle, Quellbach, Campo Allegre, II); H. peckorum (Argentina, 17 km N La Caldera, Alto de la Sierra); H. pedroaguilerai (Ecuador, Puyo, Santa Clara, Rio Llaudio Chico); H. propria (Ecuador, Paquisha, 20 km SE); H. punctilata (Brazil, Est. [Estirao] Do Ecuador); H. reverberata (Venezuela, Puerto Ayacucho (40 km S.), at Tobogan); H. scintillamima (Peru, Celendin area); H. scintillapicta (Suriname, Sipaliwini District, Camp 3, Wehepai; 2010 CI-RAP Survey); H. scintillarca (Peru, Celendin area); H. shorti (Venezuela, Perija National Park, Tukuko, Rio Manantial); H. spatula (Venezuela, NW Humocaro Bajo); H. steineri (Bolivia, 40 km E. San Borja, Estacion Biologica Beni, Palm Camp at Rio Curiraba); H. stellula (Ecuador, Santo Domingo, 79.6 km E); H. takutu (Guyana, Takutu Mountains); H. tobogan (Venezuela, Puerto Ayacucho (40 km S), at Tobogan); H. tridigita (Peru, Celendin area); H. umbolenta (Paraguay, Rio Tebicuarymi); H. unita (Brazil, Rio Bento Gomes, Pantanal); H. venezuela (Venezuela, Los Pijiguaos); H. xingu (Brazil, Rio Xingu Camp, Altamira, ca 60 km S).

The tribe Lepturini in South America (Coleoptera: Cerambycidae: Lepturinae)

Zootaxa ◽  
2008 ◽  
Vol 1858 (1) ◽  
pp. 37
Author(s):  
MARCELA L. MONNÉ ◽  
MIGUEL A. MONNÉ
Keyword(s):  
New Species ◽  
South America ◽  
New Combination ◽  
South American ◽  
Santa Cruz ◽  
The South ◽  
South American Species

A key to the genera of South American Lepturini and keys to the South American species of Cyphonotida, Euryptera, Lycochoriolaus, Megachoriolaus and Strangalia are provided. Megachoriolaus clarkei Monné & Monné new species is described from Brazil (Rondônia) and Bolivia (Santa Cruz). The following new synonymies are proposed: Euryptera latipennis var. virgata Gounelle, 1911 and Euryptera brasiliensis Fuchs, 1956 = Euryptera latipennis Lepeletier & Audinet-Serville, 1828; Euryptera rotundipennis Fuchs, 1956 = Lycochoriolaus angustatus (Melzer, 1935). The following species are transferred from Euryptera: Lycochoriolaus ater (Gounelle, 1911) new combination, Megachoriolaus atripennis (Bates, 1870) new combination, M. bicolor (Gounelle, 1911) new combination and M. venustus (Breme, 1844) new combination. Lectotype designations are proposed for the following species: Euryptera leonina Gounelle, 1911, Euryptera latipennis var. virgata Gounelle, 1911 and Euryptera bicolor Gounelle, 1911.

Synopsis of the genus Sangaris Dalman in South America (Coleoptera, Cerambycidae), with description of two new species and new combinations

Zootaxa ◽  
2009 ◽  
Vol 2230 (1) ◽  
pp. 29-41 ◽  
Author(s):  
MIGUEL A. MONNÉ ◽  
MARCELA L. MONNÉ
Keyword(s):  
New Species ◽  
South America ◽  
South American ◽  
New Combinations ◽  
The South ◽  
South American Species ◽  
Two New Species

A synopsis of the South American species of Sangaris Dalman, 1823 is presented. Sangaris luteonotata Monné & Monné sp. nov. and S. ordinale Monné & Monné sp. nov. are described from Ecuador. Sangaris luctuosa (Pascoe, 1859) comb. nov. and Sangaris obtusicarinata (Zajciw, 1962) comb. nov. are transferred from Colobothea Lepeletier & Audinet-Serville, 1825. New distributional data are given for S. trifasciata Melzer, 1928, S. zikani Melzer, 1931, and S. luctuosa (Pascoe, 1859). A key to the South American species is provided.

A new species of Trichoscelia Westwood (Neuroptera: Mantispidae) from northern South America

Zootaxa ◽  
2018 ◽  
Vol 4425 (1) ◽  
pp. 185
Author(s):  
RENATO JOSE PIRES MACHADO
Keyword(s):  
New Species ◽  
South America ◽  
Color Pattern ◽  
South American ◽  
Body Color ◽  
The South ◽  
South American Species ◽  
Group A ◽  
Northern South America ◽  
A New Species

A new species of Trichoscelia Westwood (Mantispidae: Symphrasinae) is described herein, T. geraldoi n. sp. This is the 16th species classified within the genus and presents a quite unusual body color pattern for the group. A key for the South American species of Trichoscelia and a checklist of the Symphrasinae species are presented. 

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