A molecular target of vascular calcification in chronic kidney disease

Chronic kidney disease is associated with a high mortality rate, especially cardiovascular disease associated with mineral and bone disorders. Sclerostin is an inhibitor of Wnt signaling which has the effect of increasing the occurrence of vascular calcification in patients with chronic kidney disease. There are several studies that show different results. Carotid intima media thickness ultrasound examination is a tool to identify atherosclerosis which is part of vascular calcification. The aim of this study is to look at the correlation of sclerostin with carotid intima media thickness (CIMT) in patients with chronic kidney disease undergoing hemodialysis. In this cross section, the concentration of sclerostin was measured by examination of enzymed linked immunosorbent assay. CIMT measurement by ultrasound mode B examination. There were 40 patients in this study. The mean sclerostin level was 256.68 ± 127.76 pg / ml. Sclerostin levels are declared high if above 162 pg / ml there are 30 people. CIMT thickening was present in 11 patients. There was no significant correlation of serum sclerostin with CIMT in patients with chronic kidney disease undergoing hemodialysis (r-0.32 p0,847). In multivariate linear regression, hemodialysis duration is an independent factor that is significantly significant with CIMT. There was no significant correlation of serum sclerostin with CIMT in patients with chronic kidney disease undergoing hemodialysis.

Does Vitamin K Intake Influence High Phosphate Induced Vascular Pseudo-ossification: An Underappreciated Therapeutic Prospect in General Population?

Current Drug Targets ◽

10.2174/1389450119666181031124430 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 20 (4) ◽

pp. 421-430

Author(s):

Zar Chi Thent ◽

Gabriele R.A. Froemming ◽

Suhaila Abd Muid

Keyword(s):

Chronic Kidney Disease ◽

Kidney Disease ◽

Vascular Calcification ◽

Vitamin K ◽

Prolonged Exposure ◽

Vascular Complication ◽

Key Factors ◽

The Matrix ◽

Underlying Mechanisms ◽

High Phosphate

Increasing interest in vascular pseudo-ossification has alarmed the modern atherosclerotic society. High phosphate is one of the key factors in vascular pseudo ossification, also known as vascular calcification. The active process of deposition of the phosphate crystals in vascular tissues results in arterial stiffness. High phosphate condition is mainly observed in chronic kidney disease patients. However, prolonged exposure with high phosphate enriched foods such as canned drinks, dietary foods, etc. can be considered as modifiable risk factors for vascular complication in a population regardless of chronic kidney disease. High intake of vitamin K regulates the vascular calcification by exerting its anti-calcification effect. The changes in serum phosphate and vitamin K levels in a normal individual with high phosphate intake are not well investigated. This review summarised the underlying mechanisms of high phosphate induced vascular pseudo ossification such as vascular transdifferentiation, vascular apoptosis and phosphate uptake by sodium-dependent co-transporters. Pubmed, Science Direct, Scopus, ISI Web of Knowledge and Google Scholar were searched using the terms ‘vitamin K’, ‘vascular calcification, ‘phosphate’, ‘transdifferentiation’ and ‘vascular pseudoossification’. Vitamin K certainly activates the matrix GIA protein and inhibits vascular transition and apoptosis in vascular pseudo-ossification. The present view highlighted the possible therapeutic linkage between vitamin K and the disease. Understanding the role of vitamin K will be considered as potent prophylaxis agent against the vascular disease in near future.

Role of crosstalk between endothelial cells and smooth muscle cells in vascular calcification in chronic kidney disease

Cell Proliferation ◽

10.1111/cpr.12980 ◽

2021 ◽

Author(s):

Yu‐Xia Zhang ◽

Ri‐Ning Tang ◽

Li‐Ting Wang ◽

Bi‐Cheng Liu

Keyword(s):

Chronic Kidney Disease ◽

Endothelial Cells ◽

Smooth Muscle ◽

Kidney Disease ◽

Smooth Muscle Cells ◽

Vascular Calcification ◽

Muscle Cells

POS-272 DIFFERENTIAL EFFECTS OF ENDOTHELIN ETA RECEPTOR BLOCKADE ON VASCULAR CALCIFICATION AND RENAL INJURY IN RATS WITH CHRONIC KIDNEY DISEASE

Kidney International Reports ◽

10.1016/j.ekir.2021.03.287 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 6 (4) ◽

pp. S115

Author(s):

R. Lariviere ◽

R.V. Ung ◽

S. Picard ◽

D. Richard ◽

M. Agharazii ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Chronic Kidney Disease ◽

Kidney Disease ◽

Vascular Calcification ◽

Renal Injury ◽

Receptor Blockade ◽

Differential Effects ◽

Eta Receptor

Low plasma magnesium concentration and future abdominal aortic calcifications in moderate chronic kidney disease

BMC Nephrology ◽

10.1186/s12882-021-02267-4 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 22 (1) ◽

Author(s):

Anique D. ter Braake ◽

◽

Larissa P. Govers ◽

Mieke J. Peeters ◽

Arjan D. van Zuilen ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Chronic Kidney Disease ◽

Kidney Disease ◽

Vascular Calcification ◽

Disease Risk ◽

Statistical Significance ◽

Cardiovascular Disease Risk ◽

Magnesium Concentration ◽

X Ray ◽

Abdominal Aortic ◽

Plasma Magnesium

Abstract Background Higher plasma magnesium concentrations are associated with reduced cardiovascular disease risk in chronic kidney disease (CKD) patients. The importance of plasma magnesium concentration for vascular calcification in earlier stages of CKD remains underexplored. This study investigated whether plasma magnesium is a determinant for the presence and severity of vascular calcification in moderate CKD. Methods Retrospective analysis was performed using abdominal aortic calcification (AAC) scores in 280 patients with stage 3 and 4 CKD enrolled in the MASTERPLAN trial. Lateral abdominal X-ray was used to evaluate AAC. Plasma magnesium concentration were measured over time. A zero-inflated Poisson model determined the association between plasma magnesium concentration and AAC. Results 79 out of 280 patients did not have AAC, and in patients with AAC the median calcification score was 3.5 (interquartile range: 0.0–8.6). The mean plasma magnesium concentration was 0.76 ± 0.10 mmol/L at baseline. A 0.1 mmol/L higher plasma magnesium concentration was associated with lower AAC of 0.07 point (95% CI -0.28 – 0.14). A 0.1 mmol/L higher plasma magnesium lowered the odds of detecting any AAC by 30% (OR = 0.63; 95% CI 0.29–1.37). After 1 year and 4 years (at time of X-ray) of follow-up this association was attenuated (OR = 0.93; 95% CI 0.61–1.43 and 0.93; 95% CI 0.60–1.45, respectively). None of these associations reached statistical significance. Conclusions Plasma magnesium concentration at baseline is not associated with the risk for future AAC. Interventions increasing magnesium to avoid vascular calcification may have greatest potential in early CKD stages prior to onset of vascular calcification.

Connections between vascular calcification and progression of chronic kidney disease: Therapeutic alternatives

Kidney International ◽

10.1111/j.1523-1755.2005.09926.x ◽

2005 ◽

Vol 68 ◽

pp. S142-S151 ◽

Cited By ~ 14

Author(s):

Keith A. Hruska ◽

Suresh Mathew ◽

Matthew M. Davies ◽

Richard R. Lund

Keyword(s):

Chronic Kidney Disease ◽

Kidney Disease ◽

Vascular Calcification ◽

Therapeutic Alternatives

Vascular Calcification in Chronic Kidney Disease: Pathogenesis and Clinical Implications

Journal of Renal Nutrition ◽

10.1053/j.jrn.2008.10.015 ◽

2009 ◽

Vol 19 (1) ◽

pp. 78-81 ◽

Cited By ~ 10

Author(s):

Atsushi Shioi ◽

Yoshiki Nishizawa

Keyword(s):

Chronic Kidney Disease ◽

Kidney Disease ◽

Vascular Calcification ◽

Clinical Implications ◽

Disease Pathogenesis