The Generation and Detection of Sound Emitted by Aircraft Wake Vortices in Ground Effect

Abstract Sound recorded by the author in March 2002 at JFK International Airport shows that wake vortices in ground effect emit infrasound that is 1) more than 40 dB stronger than audible wake vortex sound; 2) substantially stronger than the infrasound component of wind noise and airport noise; and 3) comparable to, and often stronger than, the infrasound component of aircraft noise. Spectra and time plots of the magnitude of wake-vortex-generated sound are presented for aircraft landing on JFK runway 31R.

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Modeling the Radar Signature of Raindrops in Aircraft Wake Vortices

Journal of Atmospheric and Oceanic Technology ◽

10.1175/jtech-d-11-00220.1 ◽

2013 ◽

Vol 30 (3) ◽

pp. 470-484 ◽

Cited By ~ 7

Author(s):

Zhongxun Liu ◽

Nicolas Jeannin ◽

Francois Vincent ◽

Xuesong Wang

Keyword(s):

Traffic Control ◽

Vortex Flow ◽

Doppler Radar ◽

Elevation Angle ◽

Wake Vortex ◽

Wake Vortices ◽

Radar Signature ◽

Radar Echo ◽

Aircraft Wake ◽

Resolution Cell

Abstract The present work is dedicated to the modeling and simulation of the radar signature of raindrops within wake vortices. This is achieved through the computation of the equation of raindrop motion within the wake vortex flow. Based on the inhomogeneous distribution of raindrops within wake vortices, the radar echo model is computed for raindrops in a given resolution cell. Simulated Doppler radar signatures of raindrops within wake vortices are shown to be a potential criterion for identifying wake vortex hazards in air traffic control. The dependence of the radar signature on various parameters, including the radial resolution and antenna elevation angle, is also analyzed.

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Taking into account of the ground effect on aircraft wake vortices when evaluating their circulation from lidar measurements

Оптика атмосферы и океана ◽

10.15372/aoo20190708 ◽

2019 ◽

Keyword(s):

Ground Effect ◽

Wake Vortices ◽

Lidar Measurements ◽

Aircraft Wake

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Characterization of aircraft dynamic wake vortices and atmospheric turbulence by coherent doppler lidar

EPJ Web of Conferences ◽

10.1051/epjconf/201817606001 ◽

2018 ◽

Vol 176 ◽

pp. 06001 ◽

Cited By ~ 1

Author(s):

Songhua Wu ◽

Xiaochun Zhai ◽

Bingyi Liu ◽

Jintao Liu

Keyword(s):

Atmospheric Turbulence ◽

Temporal Evolution ◽

Ground Effect ◽

Doppler Lidar ◽

Wake Vortices ◽

International Airport ◽

Coherent Doppler Lidar ◽

Evolution Characteristics ◽

Key Characteristics

Field observations for the wake vortices by Coherent Doppler Lidar (CDL) have been carried out at the Beijing Capital International Airport (BCIA) and Tianjin Binhai International Airport (TBIA) to investigate the wake vortices evolution characteristics and the near-ground effect. This paper introduces the dynamic wake vortices and atmospheric turbulence monitoring technique, successfully demonstrating that the CDL can capture the key characteristics of wake vortices in real-time, including wake vortices intensity, spatial-temporal evolution and so forth.

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Simulation of Runway Operations with Application of Dynamic Wake Separations to Study Runway Limitations

Transportation Research Record Journal of the Transportation Research Board ◽

10.1177/0361198120953152 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 2674 (12) ◽

pp. 199-211

Author(s):

Julio Roa ◽

Antonio Trani ◽

Junqi Hu ◽

Navid Mirmohammadsadeghi

Keyword(s):

Phase Ii ◽

Wake Vortex ◽

International Airport ◽

Vortex Separation ◽

Aircraft Performance ◽

Aircraft Wake ◽

Operational Error ◽

Phase Ii And Iii ◽

The Impact ◽

Monte Carlo Simulation Model

This paper presents an evaluation of runway operations at Chicago O’Hare International Airport to estimate the impact of proposed wake vortex separation including Recategorization Phase II and III dynamic separations. The evaluation uses a Monte Carlo simulation model that considers arrival and departure operations. The simulation accounts for static and dynamic wake vortex separations, aircraft fleet mix, runway occupancy times, aircraft approach speeds, aircraft wake circulation capacity, environmental conditions, and operational error buffers. Airport data considered for this analysis are based on Airport Surface Detection Equipment Model X records from Chicago O’Hare International Airport from January to November 2016. Dynamic wake separations are tailored to each unique set of conditions by using environmental and aircraft performance parameters as input and allowing aircraft to be exposed to the same wake vortex strength as in Recategorization Phase II (RECAT II). The analysis shows that further reductions beyond RECAT II for aircraft pairs separated by 2 nautical miles or less is not operationally feasible. These wake separations already result in little to no wake dependency. When this is the case, the challenges in wake separation are to meet runway occupancy times and to make sure aircraft separations allow for human operational variations without resulting in aircraft turnarounds or double-aircraft-occupancy runway violations.

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