scholarly journals Freezing fraction in freezing rain

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kathleen F. Jones
Keyword(s):  
Transmission Lines ◽  
Power Distribution ◽  
Power Transmission ◽  
Horizontal Cylinder ◽  
Weather Data ◽  
Power Transmission Lines ◽  
Freezing Rain ◽  
User Input ◽  
Weather Stations ◽  
Rain Events

AbstractFreezing rain can cause significant tree damage with fallen trees and branches blocking roads and taking power distribution lines out of service. Power transmission lines are designed for ice loads from freezing rain, using models to estimate equivalent radial ice thicknesses from historical weather data. The conservative simple flux model assumes that all the freezing rain that impinges on a horizontal cylinder, representing vegetation or components of the built infrastructure, freezes. Here I present a simplified heat-balance formulation to calculate the fraction of the impinging precipitation that freezes, using parameters measured at ASOS weather stations and an estimate of solar heating. Radial ice thickness estimates from this approach are compared with the simple model and those generated from the ASOS icing sensor. These estimates can all be tested by comparing to measurements on cylinders at weather stations. A link to an Excel spreadsheet that calculates freezing fraction using user-input weather data is provided. In forecast freezing rain events, this tool could be used by utility crews and emergency response teams to estimate the likely range of equivalent radial ice thicknesses over the affected region and plan their response accordingly.

scholarly journals Water table depth prediction based on Deep learning models in Electrical Power Transmission Lines area

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Shijun Wang ◽  
Chang Ping ◽  
Ning Wang ◽  
Jing Wen ◽  
Ke Zhang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Water Table ◽  
Transmission Lines ◽  
Power Transmission ◽  
Model Simulation ◽  
Electrical Power ◽  
Water Table Depth ◽  
Weather Data ◽  
Power Transmission Lines ◽  
Data Simulation ◽  
Daily Data

Background: Predicting water table depth in Electrical Power Transmission Lines area presents great importance and helps the decision makers do the safety analysis during the project. The present study predicts the water table depth with observed weather data and hydrologic data. Method: The study first compared the results of LSTM, GRU, LSTM-S2S, and FFNN models in daily data simulation. Moreover, two scenarios (S1 and S2) were set to identify the effect of the water component on water table depth simulation. In addition, in order to analyze how data time scale influences the model simulation results, the monthly scale data was simulated by LSTM, GRU, and LSTM-S2S models. Result: The result indicated that LSTM-S2S was the best model for predicting daily water table depth among the four models. By contrast, FFNN performed the worst. LSTM and GRU model performed equally well both in daily data and monthly data simulation. S1 performed better than S2 in the water table depth simulation. The average daily performance of R2 and NSE was both higher than that in the monthly results with LSTM, GRU, and LSTM-S2S models. Conclusion: As a result, the method in the present study can be used to simulate the water table depth in the future in Electrical Power Transmission Lines area.

scholarly journals Susut Tegangan pada Penghantar ACCC di Saluran Transmisi 150 kV di PT. PLN (Persero) Unit Pelayanan Transmisi Pekanbaru

SainETIn ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 5 (1) ◽  
pp. 1-7
Author(s):  
Wellington Octary ◽  
Hamzah Eteruddin ◽  
Abrar Tanjung
Keyword(s):  
Transmission Lines ◽  
Power Distribution ◽  
Power Loss ◽  
Power Plants ◽  
Power Transmission ◽  
Voltage Drop ◽  
Transmission Network ◽  
Power Transmission Lines ◽  
Power Losses ◽  
Line Diagram

Power transmission network system plays an important role in distributing power, especially in 150 kV power transmission lines. In 2013, the was a change in term of conductor type in in 150 kV transmission lines of Garuda Sakti – Balai Pungut, from ACSR to ACCC, because of the growing number of power plants in Riau and power distribution in every conductor supplying higher current, when given higher current, ACCC conductor is capable of transmitting power twice the ACSR conductor. The single line diagram of UPT Pekanbaru, data from power station (GI) Garuda Sakti – Balai Pungut, conductor data and load data are all data necessary for the study and calculation on ACCC conductor. The result shows that the amount of voltage drop power losses of ACCC conductor is 5.098 kV, while the power loss is 479,187 with the sagging value is 6.950 m, compared to the old conductor, the ACSR type, with the voltage drop of 7.517 kV, power loss of 828.863 kW, and the sagging value of 9.010 m, all measured in 150 kV power transmission lines of PT. PLN PERSERO UPT Pekanbaru.

An Analytical Method for Calculating Nodal Loads in a Power Distribution Network

2021 ◽  
pp. 31-37
Author(s):  
Nikolay V. KOROVKIN ◽  
◽  
Evgeniy A. BODRENKOV ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Transmission Lines ◽  
Power Distribution ◽  
Power Transmission ◽  
Power Lines ◽  
Power Transmission Lines ◽  
Power Distribution Network ◽  
Facts Devices ◽  
Head Section ◽  
Theoretical Significance ◽  
Bus Voltage

A method for calculating nodal loads with the known supply bus voltage the circuit head section current is developed. The electric network model is represented by the main section, in which the parameters of power transmission lines are known, and means for altering the circuit state are available. The state of the circuit can be altered by changing the supply bus voltage through adjusting the substation power transformer’s OLTC, by changing the parameters of power lines equipped with FACTS devices, or by a combination of both. The nodal voltages at the load nodes will be different in different states, with the power flows remaining unchanged. The advantage of the approach and its theoretical significance lie in the fact that all necessary relationships have been obtained analytically, and that the complex nonlinear problem has correctly been reduced to a set of linear operations. determined. The proposed approach can be used in locating unauthorized connections to the network.

METHOD OF SYNTHESIS OF CLOSED-LOOP SYSTEMS OF ACTIVE SHIELDING MAGNETIC FIELD OF POWER TRANSMISSION LINES

2016 ◽  
Vol 2016 (4) ◽  
pp. 8-10 ◽  
Author(s):  
B.I. Kuznetsov ◽  
◽  
A.N. Turenko ◽  
T.B. Nikitina ◽  
A.V. Voloshko ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Magnetic Field ◽  
Transmission Lines ◽  
Closed Loop ◽  
Power Transmission ◽  
Power Transmission Lines ◽  
Closed Loop Systems ◽  
Active Shielding

scholarly journals Time-Multiplexed Self-Powered Wireless Current Sensor for Power Transmission Lines

Energies ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 14 (6) ◽  
pp. 1561
Author(s):  
Hao Chen ◽  
Zhongnan Qian ◽  
Chengyin Liu ◽  
Jiande Wu ◽  
Wuhua Li ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Energy Harvesting ◽  
Transmission Line ◽  
Transmission Lines ◽  
Power Transmission ◽  
Current Measurement ◽  
Current Sensor ◽  
Power Transmission Line ◽  
Power Transmission Lines ◽  
Current Sensing ◽  
Self Powered

Current measurement is a key part of the monitoring system for power transmission lines. Compared with the conventional current sensor, the distributed, self-powered and contactless current sensor has great advantages of safety and reliability. By integrating the current sensing function and the energy harvesting function of current transformer (CT), a time-multiplexed self-powered wireless sensor that can measure the power transmission line current is presented in this paper. Two operating modes of CT, including current sensing mode and energy harvesting mode, are analyzed in detail. Through the design of mode-switching circuit, harvesting circuit and measurement circuit are isolated using only one CT secondary coil, which eliminates the interference between energy harvesting and current measurement. Thus, the accurate measurement in the current sensing mode and the maximum energy collection in the energy harvesting mode are both realized, all of which simplify the online power transmission line monitoring. The designed time-multiplexed working mode allows the sensor to work at a lower transmission line current, at the expense of a lower working frequency. Finally, the proposed sensor is verified by experiments.

scholarly journals Decentralized Estimation of Two-port Equivalents for Power Transmission Lines

IEEE Access ◽  
2021 ◽  
pp. 1-1
Author(s):  
Vedanta Pradhan ◽  
O. D. Naidu ◽  
Sinisa Zubic ◽  
Patrick Cost
Keyword(s):  
Transmission Lines ◽  
Power Transmission ◽  
Power Transmission Lines ◽  
Decentralized Estimation
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