A Screening Test for Adrenal or Unilateral Renal Forms of Hypertension Based Upon Postural Change in Blood Pressure

Angiology ◽  
1960 ◽  
Vol 11 (4) ◽  
pp. 336-342 ◽  
Author(s):  
D. Kinsey ◽  
G.P. Whitelaw ◽  
R.H. Smithwick
Keyword(s):  
Blood Pressure ◽  
Screening Test ◽  
Postural Change

Second trimester ambulatory blood pressure in nulliparous pregnancy: A useful screening test for preeclampsia?

1994 ◽  
Vol 46 (1) ◽  
pp. 84-84
Author(s):  
P.M. Kyle ◽  
S.J. Clark ◽  
D. Buckley ◽  
J. Kissane ◽  
A.J.S. Coats ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Blood Pressure ◽  
Ambulatory Blood Pressure ◽  
Screening Test ◽  
Second Trimester

scholarly journals Cerebral Autoregulation during Postural Change in Patients with Cervical Spinal Cord Injury—A Carotid Duplex Ultrasonography Study

Diagnostics ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (8) ◽  
pp. 1321
Author(s):  
Joo-Hyun Kee ◽  
Jun-Hyeong Han ◽  
Chang-Won Moon ◽  
Kang Hee Cho
Keyword(s):  
Blood Pressure ◽  
Spinal Cord ◽  
Spinal Cord Injury ◽  
Blood Flow ◽  
Cerebral Autoregulation ◽  
Duplex Ultrasonography ◽  
Postural Change ◽  
Carotid Duplex ◽  
Cord Injury ◽  
Carotid Duplex Ultrasonography

Patients with a spinal cord injury (SCI) frequently experience sudden falls in blood pressure during postural change. Few studies have investigated whether the measurement of blood flow velocity within vessels can reflect brain perfusion during postural change. By performing carotid duplex ultrasonography (CDU), we investigated changes in cerebral blood flow (CBF) during postural changes in patients with a cervical SCI, determined the correlation of CBF change with presyncopal symptoms, and investigated factors affecting cerebral autoregulation. We reviewed the medical records of 100 patients with a cervical SCI who underwent CDU. The differences between the systolic blood pressure, diastolic blood pressure, and CBF volume in the supine posture and after 5 min at 50° tilt were evaluated. Presyncopal symptoms occurred when the blood flow volume of the internal carotid artery decreased by ≥21% after tilt. In the group that had orthostatic hypotension and severe CBF decrease during tilt, the body mass index and physical and functional scores were lower than in other groups, and the proportion of patients with a severe SCI was high. The higher the SCI severity and the lower the functional score, the higher the possibility of cerebral autoregulation failure. CBF should be assessed by conducting CDU in patients with a high-level SCI.

scholarly journals Autonomic modulation at rest and in response to postural change in adolescents with Duchenne muscular dystrophy: a cross-sectional study

2021 ◽  
Vol 79 (9) ◽  
pp. 766-773
Author(s):  
Mariana Viana Rodrigues ◽  
Mileide Cristina Stoco-Oliveira ◽  
Talita Dias da Silva ◽  
Celso Ferreira ◽  
Heloisa Balotari Valente ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Blood Pressure ◽  
Heart Rate ◽  
Duchenne Muscular Dystrophy ◽  
Muscular Dystrophy ◽  
Oxygen Saturation ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Autonomic Modulation ◽  
Postural Change ◽  
Cross Sectional

ABSTRACT Background: Analysis of autonomic modulation after postural change may inform the prognosis and guide treatment in different populations. However, this has been insufficiently explored among adolescents with Duchenne muscular dystrophy (DMD). Objective: To investigate autonomic modulation at rest and in response to an active sitting test (AST) among adolescents with DMD. Methods: Fifty-nine adolescents were included in the study and divided into two groups: 1) DMD group: adolescents diagnosed with DMD; 2) control group (CG): healthy adolescents. Participants’ weight and height were assessed. Lower limb function, motor limitations and functional abilities of the participants in the DMD group were classified using the Vignos scale, Egen classification and motor function measurement, respectively. The following variables were assessed before, during and after AST: systolic blood pressure (SBP), diastolic blood pressure (DBP), respiratory rate (f), oxygen saturation and heart rate (HR). To analyze the autonomic modulation, the HR was recorded beat-by-beat. Heart rate variability (HRV) indices were calculated in the time and frequency domains. Results: Differences in relation to groups were observed for all HRV indices, except LF/HF, oxygen saturation, HR and f (p < 0.05). Differences in relation to time and the interaction effect between group and time were observed for RMSSD, SD1, SD2, SD1/SD2, LFms2 and LFnu, HFun, SBP and DBP (p < 0.05). Differences in relation to time were also observed for the indice SDNN, FC and f (p < 0.05). Conclusions: Performing the AST promoted reduced autonomic modulation and increased SBP, DBP and HR in adolescents with DMD.

A study on estimating blood pressure during body postural change based on pulse transit time

2014 ◽  
Author(s):  
Hieyong Jeong ◽  
Mari Hayashi ◽  
Masaki Sekine ◽  
Toshiyo Tamura ◽  
Michiko Kido ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Blood Pressure ◽  
Transit Time ◽  
Pulse Transit Time ◽  
Postural Change

Modeling baroreflex regulation of heart rate during orthostatic stress

2006 ◽  
Vol 291 (5) ◽  
pp. R1355-R1368 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mette S. Olufsen ◽  
Hien T. Tran ◽  
Johnny T. Ottesen ◽  
Lewis A. Lipsitz ◽  
Vera Novak
Keyword(s):  
Blood Pressure ◽  
Mathematical Model ◽  
Heart Rate ◽  
Hysteresis Loop ◽  
Elderly People ◽  
Elderly Subjects ◽  
Orthostatic Stress ◽  
Postural Change ◽  
Heart Rate Regulation ◽  
Heart Rate Dynamics

During orthostatic stress, arterial and cardiopulmonary baroreflexes play a key role in maintaining arterial pressure by regulating heart rate. This study presents a mathematical model that can predict the dynamics of heart rate regulation in response to postural change from sitting to standing. The model uses blood pressure measured in the finger as an input to model heart rate dynamics in response to changes in baroreceptor nerve firing rate, sympathetic and parasympathetic responses, vestibulo-sympathetic reflex, and concentrations of norepinephrine and acetylcholine. We formulate an inverse least squares problem for parameter estimation and successfully demonstrate that our mathematical model can accurately predict heart rate dynamics observed in data obtained from healthy young, healthy elderly, and hypertensive elderly subjects. One of our key findings indicates that, to successfully validate our model against clinical data, it is necessary to include the vestibulo-sympathetic reflex. Furthermore, our model reveals that the transfer between the nerve firing and blood pressure is nonlinear and follows a hysteresis curve. In healthy young people, the hysteresis loop is wide, whereas, in healthy and hypertensive elderly people, the hysteresis loop shifts to higher blood pressure values, and its area is diminished. Finally, for hypertensive elderly people, the hysteresis loop is generally not closed, indicating that, during postural change from sitting to standing, baroreflex modulation does not return to steady state during the first minute of standing.

Antihypertensive Effect of Spironolactone in Essential, Renal and Mineralocorticoid Hypertension

1973 ◽  
Vol 45 (s1) ◽  
pp. 219s-224s
Author(s):  
F. Mantero ◽  
D. Armanini ◽  
S. Urbani
Keyword(s):  
Blood Pressure ◽  
Essential Hypertension ◽  
Primary Aldosteronism ◽  
Antihypertensive Effect ◽  
Hypotensive Effect ◽  
Arterial Disease ◽  
Renin Activity ◽  
Postural Change ◽  
Adrenal Surgery ◽  
Hypotensive Response

1. The hypotensive effect of spironolactone has been studied in twenty-four patients with various forms of hypertension. 2. In essential hypertension a greater fall of blood pressure was achieved in patients with renin activity hyporesponsive to postural change than in those in whom renin responded normally to posture. 3. A poor hypotensive response was observed in patients with renal or renal arterial disease and secondary aldosteronism. 4. The variable hypotensive response seen in patients with primary aldosteronism predicted the response to adrenal surgery. 5. Blood pressure was not lowered by spironolactone in one case of 17-hydroxylation deficiency or in one case of malignant ovarian arrhenoblastoma producing aldosterone.

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