Trends in Oral Antibiotic, Proton Pump Inhibitor, and Histamine 2 Receptor Blocker Prescription Patterns for Children Compared With Adults

2015 ◽  
Vol 55 (8) ◽  
pp. 712-716 ◽  
Author(s):  
Howard S. Faden ◽  
Chan-Xing Ma
Keyword(s):  
Clostridium Difficile ◽  
Proton Pump Inhibitor ◽  
Proton Pump ◽  
Clostridium Difficile Infection ◽  
Antibiotic Prescription ◽  
Receptor Blocker ◽  
Oral Antibiotic ◽  
Oral Antibiotics ◽  
Prescription Patterns ◽  
Prescription Rates

The use of antibiotics, proton pump inhibitor (PPI), and histamine 2 receptor blocker (H2B) was compared between children and adults in the community from 2005 through 2011. Antibiotic prescription rates remained stable for children, but increased significantly for adults, P = .03. PPI prescription rates increased for children, P = .02 and for adults, P = .009. H2B prescription rates increased for children, P = .03, but not for adults. Antibiotic prescription rates were significantly higher in children than adults in all 7 years, P < .0001. In contrast, PPI prescription rates were significantly higher in adults than children in all 7 years, P < .0001. H2B prescription rates were significantly higher in adults than children 1 to 18 years old P < .0001; however, H2B prescription rates were highest in children <1 year old, P = .0001. The high use of oral antibiotics, PPI, and H2B among outpatients may be a contributing factor to the rise of Clostridium difficile infection in the community.

scholarly journals 975. Clostridium difficile Infection and Antibiotic Prescription Rates in the Community: Explaining the Gender Gap

2018 ◽  
Vol 5 (suppl_1) ◽  
pp. S39-S39 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mariam Younas ◽  
Julie Royer ◽  
Hana Rac ◽  
Julie Ann Justo ◽  
P Brandon Bookstaver ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
South Carolina ◽  
Clostridium Difficile ◽  
Clostridium Difficile Infection ◽  
Antibiotic Prescription ◽  
Age Groups ◽  
Incidence Rates ◽  
Age Group ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Prescription Rates ◽  
Carolina Population

Abstract Background Previous studies have reported higher incidence rates of community-associated Clostridium difficile infection (CA-CDI) in women than in men. This cross-sectional population-based study examines whether this difference in CA-CDI rates across genders is driven by or independent of antibiotic use. Methods Medicaid and State Employee Health Plan pharmacy claims for outpatient oral antibiotics and associated medical claims were utilized for estimation of community antibiotic prescription rates in South Carolina population 18 to 64 years of age from January 1, 2015 to December 31, 2015. CA-CDI cases were identified from National Healthcare Safety Network (NHSN) and South Carolina Infectious Disease and Outbreak Network (SCION) through complete enumeration of South Carolina population of the same age and study period as above. Incidence rates of CA-CDI were reported in both men and women 18–39 and 40–64 years of age before and after adjustments for antibiotic prescription rates in the same gender and age group. The 95% confidence intervals (CI) were calculated to examine statistical difference in incidence rates across genders within the same age group. Results During the calendar year 2015, a total of 1,564 CA-CDI cases were identified in South Carolina residents 18–64 years of age. The incidence rate of CA-CDI per 100,000 person-years was higher in women than in men in age groups 18–39 years (37.3 [95% CI: 32.8–41.8] vs. 21.0 [95% CI: 17.6–24.4]) and 40–64 years (86.4 [95% CI: 80.1–92.8] vs. 56.6 [95% CI: 51.2–61.9]. Similarly, antibiotic prescription rates per 100 person-years were higher in women than men in the 2 respective age groups (118.8 [95% CI: 118.3–119.3] vs. 54.3 [95% CI: 53.9–54.8] and 130.4 [95% CI: 129.8–130.9] vs. 83.8 [95% CI: 83.3–84.4]. After adjustments for antibiotic prescriptions, there was no significant difference in the incidence rates of CA-CDI per 100,000 prescriptions between women and men 18–39 years of age (31.4 [95% CI: 27.6–35.2] vs. 38.6 [95% CI: 32.4–44.8] and 40–64 years old (66.3 [95% CI 61.5–71.2] vs. 67.5 [95% CI: 61.1–73.8]). Conclusion Higher crude incidence rates of CA-CDI in women are likely due to higher outpatient antibiotic prescription rates in women when compared with men. Disclosures P. B. Bookstaver, CutisPharma: Scientific Advisor, &lt;$1,000. Melinta Therapeutics: Speaker’s Bureau, &lt;$1,000.

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