Treatment Results of Vocal Process Granuloma: Intubation Versus Contact Granuloma

Background and Objectives Vocal process granulomas (VPGs) are benign lesions of the larynx, typically contact granulomas (CG) and intubation granulomas (IG). The two diseases are known to have different clinical manifestations despite having the same pathological features. The purpose of this study was to analyze the treatment results for CG and IG and to obtain clinical information.Materials and Method We retrospectively reviewed the medical records of patients diagnosed with VPG between January 2015 and December 2018. The patient’s age, sex, medical history, lesion size, lesion type, reflux finding score, response to treatment, duration of treatment, and follow-up period were compared.Results In total, 32 patients were included in the study, of which 18 were CG and 14 were IG. In the CG group, males were dominant (n=15, 83.3%), whereas in the IG group, females were dominant (n=11, 78.6%) (p=0.0009). The response to medical treatment using proton pump inhibitor and steroid inhaler was better in the IG group (11/14, 78.6%) than in the CG group (7/18, 38.9%) (p=0.036). Of the 14 patients who did not respond to medical treatment, 5 received botulium toxin injections, and all 5 had complete remission. The duration of medical treatment was significantly longer in the IG group (p=0.0029).Conclusion IG was more common in female, and CG was more dominant in male. IG had better response to medical treatment using proton pump inhibitor and steroid inhaler than CG.

Predictive Factors for the Efficacy of Voice Therapy for Pediatric Vocal Fold Nodule

Background and Objectives Voice therapy (VT) is considered to be the gold standard of treatment of vocal fold nodule in children. This study was designed to analyze the success rate of pediatric VT and investigate the predictive factors for good response of periatic VT for vocal fold nodule.Materials and Method This was a retrospective cohort study of 23 patients under 18 years old who were diagnosed with vocal fold nodule and received pediatric VT. We divided the patients into responding and non-responding groups. We analyzed clinical and voice parameters related to the voice results.Results Twelve patients showed improved findings after VT. By univariate analysis, female patients (85.7%) and adolescence children (100%) showed a good response to VT. In multivariate analysis, female sex (p<0.05) and adolescence children (p<0.05) were significantly related to a successful voice response. Proton pump inhibitor or antihistamine, mucolytics treatment and pre-VT voice parameters did not significantly influence voice outcomes.Conclusion Pediatric VT is more effective in female and adolescence children.

Formulation and evaluation of dexlansoprazole extended-release tablet

Dexlansoprazole (DSP) is a proton pump inhibitor, it used to treat GERD and ulcer colitis. DSP works by decreasing the volume of acid in the stomach. DSP is an acid-labile medication that may be destroyed in the stomach's acidic pH. A coating technique was used to postpone drug release in the stomach, which can extend pharmacological activity. Shellac can be used to develop the sustain release tablet of dexlansoprazole as retardation of the drug (dexlansoprazole) was observed in the acidic pH of the stomach, and hence a sustain coated dexlansoprazole tablet was prepared and evaluated. The coating's primary function is to allow for the delayed, immediate, and prolonged delayed release of DSP. DSP coating with different polymers inhibits faster degradation in the acidic pH of the stomach, therefore increasing pharmacological action. DSP coating with different polymers inhibits fast degradation in the stomach's acidic pH, enhancing pharmacological action. The major function of the coating is to enable for the delayed, immediate, and prolonged delayed release of DSP. DSP coating with different polymers inhibits fast breakdown in the stomach's acidic pH, enhancing pharmacological action.