scholarly journals A Behavioral Analysis of an Assembly Line Inspection Task

1969 ◽  
Vol 11 (4) ◽  
pp. 339-352 ◽  
Author(s):  
Richard V. Badalamente ◽  
M. M. Ayoub
Keyword(s):  
Differential Reinforcement ◽  
Assembly Line ◽  
Fixed Ratio ◽  
Variable Interval ◽  
Behavioral Analysis ◽  
Vigilance Decrement ◽  
Precise Control ◽  
Observing Responses ◽  
Industrial Inspection ◽  
Inspection Task

The problem of sustained efficiency in monotonous perceptual tasks is particularly pertinent to industrial inspection. The present research has extended Holland's techniques of behavioral analysis to an industrial framework by analyzing the assembly-line inspection of products. By utilizing four basic schedules of defective product (fixed ratio, variable ratio, fixed interval, and variable interval), it was demonstrated that the detection of defectives can serve as reinforcements for observing behavior. In addition, the vigilance decrement associated with the inspection task was shown to be a function of the differential reinforcement of observing responses. The fact that a rather precise control can be exerted by the environment over the operator's observing behavior has important implications for industry. Some of these implications are discussed.

The Operant Manipulation of Vocal Pitch in Normal Speakers

1971 ◽  
Vol 14 (2) ◽  
pp. 283-290 ◽  
Author(s):  
James C. Moore ◽  
Anthony Holbrook
Keyword(s):  
Fundamental Frequency ◽  
Oral Reading ◽  
Differential Reinforcement ◽  
Fixed Ratio ◽  
Variable Interval ◽  
Operant Response ◽  
Reinforcement Schedules ◽  
Therapeutic Technique ◽  
Vocal Pitch ◽  
Electronic Filters

A device consisting of variable electronic filters and voice-actuated relays was used to raise or lower the vocal pitch of four normal-speaking subjects by the differential reinforcement of selected frequencies emitted by them during oral reading. Continuous, fixed interval, fixed ratio, and variable interval reinforcement schedules were applied to each subject. The results of the study indicated that fundamental vocal frequency is a manipulable operant response. All reinforcement schedules examined produced high rates of response at the selected frequency for all subjects. The variable interval schedules produced the most consistent, high durations of response for all subjects. The method of manipulation of fundamental frequency investigated in the study appears to have promise as a therapeutic technique, especially for deaf speakers and clients with functional pitch disorders.

scholarly journals A behavioral analysis of an assembly line inspection task

1970 ◽  
Vol 1 (3) ◽  
pp. 177
Author(s):  
R.V. Badalamente ◽  
M.M. Ayoub
Keyword(s):  
Assembly Line ◽  
Behavioral Analysis ◽  
Inspection Task

Conditioning History and Maladaptive Human Operant Behavior

1965 ◽  
Vol 17 (3) ◽  
pp. 935-942 ◽  
Author(s):  
Harold Weiner
Keyword(s):  
Operant Behavior ◽  
Reinforcement Schedule ◽  
Differential Reinforcement ◽  
Fixed Ratio ◽  
Variable Interval ◽  
Human Operant ◽  
History Of ◽  
Past Experiences ◽  
Human Operant Behavior ◽  
Laboratory Situation

Two experiments are presented which examined the effects of different past experiences (histories of conditioning) upon maladaptive human behavior in an operant conditioning laboratory situation. In Exp. I, unnecessary punished responding under a fixed-interval reinforcement schedule was shown to result from a history of fixed-ratio conditioning. In Exp. II low rates of variable-interval responding which produced unnecessary reinforcement loss followed a history of conditioning under a differential reinforcement of low rate schedule.

Effect of Type of Task and Number of Inspectors on Performance of an Industrial Inspection-Type Task

1995 ◽  
Vol 37 (1) ◽  
pp. 182-192 ◽  
Author(s):  
Harold Stanislaw
Keyword(s):  
Individual Differences ◽  
Forced Choice ◽  
Sensory Memory ◽  
Long Term Memory ◽  
Rating Task ◽  
Term Memory ◽  
Industrial Inspection ◽  
Inspection Task ◽  
Practical Implications

Two hundred forty subjects working alone and in pairs performed three different versions of a task similar to industrial inspection: a rating task and spatial and temporal two-alternative forced-choice (2AFC) tasks. Performance was worse on the rating task than on the 2AFC tasks, and the spatial and temporal 2AFC tasks were performed equally well. These results could signify that performance is impaired more by demands made on long-term memory than by demands made on perception and sensory memory, or that asking subjects to compare items is fundamentally different from, and easier than, asking subjects to judge items in absolute terms. Individual differences in performance were marked, but performance was inconsistent across different versions of the inspection task. When subjects worked in pairs, performance was comparable to that obtained by requiring items to pass two inspections by individual subjects. However, a single inspection by subject pairs required less time than two inspections by individual subjects. The practical implications of these findings are discussed.

Aerial service vehicles for industrial inspection: task decomposition and plan execution

2014 ◽  
Vol 42 (1) ◽  
pp. 49-62 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jonathan Cacace ◽  
Alberto Finzi ◽  
Vincenzo Lippiello ◽  
Giuseppe Loianno ◽  
Dario Sanzone
Keyword(s):  
Task Decomposition ◽  
Plan Execution ◽  
Industrial Inspection ◽  
Service Vehicles ◽  
Inspection Task

Temporal Effects in a Security Inspection Task: Breakdown of Performance Components

2007 ◽  
Vol 51 (2) ◽  
pp. 93-97 ◽  
Author(s):  
K. M. Ghylin ◽  
C. G. Drury ◽  
R Batta ◽  
L. Lin
Keyword(s):  
False Alarm ◽  
Stopping Time ◽  
Probability Of Detection ◽  
Vigilance Decrement ◽  
X Ray ◽  
Temporal Effects ◽  
Probability Of False Alarm ◽  
Active Search ◽  
Security Inspection ◽  
Inspection Task

Data from certified screeners performing an x-ray inspection task for 4 hours, or 1000 images, were analyzed to identify the nature of the vigilance decrement. The expected vigilance decrement was found, with performance measured by probability of detection (PoD) and probability of false alarm [P(FA)] decreasing from hour 1 to hour 4. Correlations between PoD and P(FA) indicate that sensitivity between hours remained the same, however a shift in criterion (Beta) occurred. Significant decreases in both detection and stopping time were found from the first hour to the second, third, and fourth hour. Evidence of changes in the search component of the time per item was found to account for part of the vigilance decrement. As the task continued, participants spent less time actively searching the image, as opposed to other activities. Evidence is provided for truncation of active search as security inspection continues.

Socially Mediated Stimulus Control in Pigeons

1969 ◽  
Vol 25 (1) ◽  
pp. 139-148 ◽  
Author(s):  
William M. Wiest
Keyword(s):  
Social Interaction ◽  
Stimulus Control ◽  
Fixed Ratio ◽  
Discriminative Stimuli ◽  
Precise Control ◽  
Key Pecking

Conditions necessary for the development of social interaction were examined with 7 Observer pigeons, each working beside a Model pigeon. Observer was conditioned to pay attention to the Model's behavior. Model's key pecking rate on a multiple fixed-ratio, extinction schedule was controlled by stimuli projected on his key (not visible to Observer), but Observer, whose key always remained the same color, had no discriminative stimuli except those provided by Model's behavior. More precise control of Observer's behavior occurred when Model could be both seen and heard than when Model could be heard only.

Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document