Marketing in the Iron Curtain Countries

1966 ◽  
Vol 30 (4) ◽  
pp. 3-9 ◽  
Author(s):  
Reed Moyer
Keyword(s):  
Iron Curtain ◽  
The Future

What are the implications of a shift in the Iron Curtain countries toward marketing? How will they affect marketing functions and institutions? The author shows the weaknesses in the existing planned systems, and he charts the future of what may develop.

scholarly journals Memories from the future: constative and performed identities in ideologized spaces

2021 ◽  
Vol 4 (1) ◽  
pp. 173-186
Author(s):  
Felix Nicolau
Keyword(s):  
Identity Matrix ◽  
Iron Curtain ◽  
Southeastern Europe ◽  
Social Categories ◽  
The Future ◽  
Performed Identities

Although communism was a Western creation its last consequences were implemented in southeastern Europe. In addition to the imposed aspects, there were local enthusiasms and excesses of zeal (euphemistically speaking), which attest to the existence of an identity matrix and a common mentality. Countries with an authoritarian tradition have absorbed this ideology of simultaneous denationalization and supra-nationalization to the deepest. And after the fall of the Iron Curtain in 1989, the Southeast European space preserved mass nostalgia: Stalin, Tito and Ceausescu are still guardianship figures for many of various social categories. Imperialist stability and/or glory are two of the most important reasons for forgetting communist terror. The research tries to identify and analyze the sources of historical instability that has an impact on the post-communist present - the communist heritage still looming large-, as well as to demystify certain stigmas unconditionally applied to Southeast European civilizations: corruption, laziness, negative Balkanization, frivolity and lack of consistency. This is a selective overview which aims to decant common mentalities of synchrony in relation to diachrony.

Bridging the Iron Curtain. Futurology as Dissidence and Control

2018 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jenny Andersson
Keyword(s):  
Computer Science ◽  
Ford Foundation ◽  
Transnational Networks ◽  
Future Research ◽  
Iron Curtain ◽  
Planning Systems ◽  
East European ◽  
Futures Research ◽  
The Future ◽  
And Control

East European futurists were part of the transnational networks of futures research. The Ford Foundation sent Daniel Bell on a study trip in 1960 during which he made contact with some of the key milieus of revisionist Marxist thought: the Polska 2000 group led by Andrej Sicinski as well as the group of sociologists under the leadership of Radovan Richta in Prague. After 1968, futurologists helped introduce forms of management and computer science into the planning systems of the socialist economies under the banner of prognostika. The chapter examines the way that East European futurists used the future as a way of constructing an argument about the need to revise Marxism, and how future research became a space of protest and dissidence.

A Visionary Behind the Iron Curtain: Cezary Berezowski on European Integration

2011 ◽  
Vol 13 (1-2) ◽  
pp. 43-57
Author(s):  
Adam Łazowski
Keyword(s):  
European Union ◽  
European Integration ◽  
Iron Curtain ◽  
European Union Law ◽  
The Future

AbstractThis contribution presents the visionary work of Ceary Berezowksi. It focuses on an article published by Berezowski in 1958 entitled “Współpraca współistnienia i współpraca integracji” [Co-operation of co-existence and co-operation of integration], and examines how and to what degree his conclusions on the future of international and European Union law were or were not re-affirmed by later events and jurisprudence.

International determination of the total motion of the pole

1961 ◽  
Vol 13 ◽  
pp. 29-41
Author(s):  
Wm. Markowitz
Keyword(s):  
Secular Motion ◽  
The Future

A symposium on the future of the International Latitude Service (I. L. S.) is to be held in Helsinki in July 1960. My report for the symposium consists of two parts. Part I, denoded (Mk I) was published [1] earlier in 1960 under the title “Latitude and Longitude, and the Secular Motion of the Pole”. Part II is the present paper, denoded (Mk II).

Status of the Lick Proper Motion Program

1978 ◽  
Vol 48 ◽  
pp. 387-388
Author(s):  
A. R. Klemola
Keyword(s):  
Proper Motion ◽  
The Future

Second-epoch photographs have now been obtained for nearly 850 of the 1246 fields of the proper motion program with centers at declination -20° and northwards. For the sky at 0° and northward only 130 fields remain to be taken in the next year or two. The 270 southern fields with centers at -5° to -20° remain for the future.

Some Structural Features of Metaphase Chromosomes of Mice and Men

1967 ◽  
Vol 25 ◽  
pp. 190-191
Author(s):  
Godfrey C. Hoskins ◽  
Betty B. Hoskins
Keyword(s):  
Electron Microscopy ◽  
Electron Micrographs ◽  
Structural Features ◽  
Metaphase Chromosomes ◽  
The Future ◽  
Of Mice And Men ◽  
Mouse Cells ◽  
Human And Mouse

Metaphase chromosomes from human and mouse cells in vitro are isolated by micrurgy, fixed, and placed on grids for electron microscopy. Interpretations of electron micrographs by current methods indicate the following structural features.Chromosomal spindle fibrils about 200Å thick form fascicles about 600Å thick, wrapped by dense spiraling fibrils (DSF) less than 100Å thick as they near the kinomere. Such a fascicle joins the future daughter kinomere of each metaphase chromatid with those of adjacent non-homologous chromatids to either side. Thus, four fascicles (SF, 1-4) attach to each metaphase kinomere (K). It is thought that fascicles extend from the kinomere poleward, fray out to let chromosomal fibrils act as traction fibrils against polar fibrils, then regroup to join the adjacent kinomere.

Freeze-fracture cytochemistry: A goal set by Russell Steere in 1957

1993 ◽  
Vol 51 ◽  
pp. 60-61
Author(s):  
Nicholas J Severs
Keyword(s):  
Chemical Nature ◽  
Biological Systems ◽  
Freeze Fracture ◽  
Structural Components ◽  
Major Goal ◽  
Membrane Biology ◽  
Routine Application ◽  
The Future ◽  
Freeze Etching

In his pioneering demonstration of the potential of freeze-etching in biological systems, Russell Steere assessed the future promise and limitations of the technique with remarkable foresight. Item 2 in his list of inherent difficulties as they then stood stated “The chemical nature of the objects seen in the replica cannot be determined”. This defined a major goal for practitioners of freeze-fracture which, for more than a decade, seemed unattainable. It was not until the introduction of the label-fracture-etch technique in the early 1970s that the mould was broken, and not until the following decade that the full scope of modern freeze-fracture cytochemistry took shape. The culmination of these developments in the 1990s now equips the researcher with a set of effective techniques for routine application in cell and membrane biology.Freeze-fracture cytochemical techniques are all designed to provide information on the chemical nature of structural components revealed by freeze-fracture, but differ in how this is achieved, in precisely what type of information is obtained, and in which types of specimen can be studied.

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