Biotechnology and Disease Management

1993 ◽  
Vol 22 (3) ◽  
pp. 157-160
Author(s):  
Mary F. Tatner
Keyword(s):  
Disease Management ◽  
Disease Diagnosis ◽  
Genetic Influences ◽  
Vaccine Research ◽  
Arable Crops ◽  
Livestock Species

The application of biotechnology to disease management has led to considerable improvements in production of most livestock species and arable crops. Its use in aquaculture is less well developed, but there are several areas in which biotechnological approaches have led to advances in vaccine research, disease diagnosis, epidemiology and understanding of genetic influences on resistance or susceptibility.

scholarly journals A reappraisal of Gaucher disease-diagnosis and disease management algorithms

2010 ◽  
Vol 86 (1) ◽  
pp. 110-115 ◽  
Author(s):  
Pramod K. Mistry ◽  
Maria Domenica Cappellini ◽  
Elena Lukina ◽  
Hayri Özsan ◽  
Sara Mach Pascual ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Disease Management ◽  
Gaucher Disease ◽  
Disease Diagnosis ◽  
Management Algorithms

scholarly journals Combining experiential and social learning approaches for crop disease management in a smallholder context: a complex socio-ecological problem

2020 ◽  
Vol 2 (3) ◽  
pp. 265-282
Author(s):  
Shiferaw Tafesse ◽  
B. van Mierlo ◽  
C. Leeuwis ◽  
R. Lie ◽  
B. Lemaga ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Social Learning ◽  
Disease Management ◽  
Crop Production ◽  
Smallholder Farmers ◽  
Disease Incidence ◽  
Disease Diagnosis ◽  
Ecological Problem ◽  
Learning Approaches ◽  
Crop Diseases ◽  
Crop Disease

Abstract Effective management of crop diseases is a key precondition for sustainable crop production and to improve food security globally. However, learning approaches that improve smallholder farmers’ knowledge, perceptions, and practices to deal with crop diseases by fostering social and technical innovations are seldom studied. A study was conducted to examine: (1) how a combination of experiential and social learning approaches influences potato farmers’ knowledge, perceptions, and practices in bacterial wilt and its management in Ethiopia and (2) the implications of combining the two approaches for complex crop disease management in smallholder context. Data were derived from face-to-face in-depth interviews, reflective workshops, and participant observations. The findings showed that farmers’ knowledge and perceptions about disease incidence, the pathogen that causes the disease, its spreading mechanisms, host plants, and disease diagnosis were changed. Farmers’ practices in management of the disease were also improved. Learning about the cause of the disease stimulated the identification of locally relevant spreading mechanisms and the feasibility of a range of recommended disease management methods. Moreover, farmers recognized their interdependency, role, and responsibility to cooperate to reduce the disease pressure in their community. We conclude that learning interventions aiming to improve smallholder farmers’ knowledge, perceptions, and practices to deal with complex crop diseases need to combine experiential and social learning approaches and consider farmers’ local knowledge.

Ultrastructure of Cryptorchidism and Seminoma

1981 ◽  
Vol 39 ◽  
pp. 540-541
Author(s):  
Shirley Siew ◽  
Susan C. James
Keyword(s):  
Malignant Tumors ◽  
Frozen Section ◽  
Malignant Potential ◽  
Genetic Influences ◽  
Endocrine Gland ◽  
Medial Aspect ◽  
Left Testis ◽  
Bilateral Orchiectomy

Testicular maldescent is the most common endocrine gland abnormality, as 2.7% of mature neonates are cryptorchid. The significant complications are that there is a disturbance of normal maturation which results in diminished fertility and there is an increase in the malignant potential which is 35 times greater in the undescended than the descended testis. It is considered that genetic influences may be of etiological importance and recurrence has been described in some families. It is of interest, that the case reported here has 2 siblings who have also presented with cryptorchidism and malignant tumors.The propositus is 14 years old. He is well developed (described by some as obese) and shows normal secondary male characteristics except for an immature scrotum. Laparotomy showed both testes to be intraabdominal. A hard nodule (0.5cm) was palpated on the medial aspect of the left testis. Frozen section showed the presence of seminoma and bilateral orchiectomy was performed.

Use of TEM in Plant Disease Diagnosis: A Xylem-Limited Bacterium Associated with Diseased ‘Toronto’ Creeping Bentgrass

1981 ◽  
Vol 39 ◽  
pp. 414-415
Author(s):  
Karen K. Baker ◽  
David L. Roberts
Keyword(s):  
Osmium Tetroxide ◽  
Plant Disease ◽  
Leaf Tissue ◽  
Infectious Agent ◽  
Creeping Bentgrass ◽  
Disease Diagnosis ◽  
Unknown Etiology ◽  
Agrostis Palustris ◽  
Putting Greens ◽  
Plant Disease Diagnosis

Plant disease diagnosis is most often accomplished by examination of symptoms and observation or isolation of causal organisms. Occasionally, diseases of unknown etiology occur and are difficult or impossible to accurately diagnose by the usual means. In 1980, such a disease was observed on Agrostis palustris Huds. c.v. Toronto (creeping bentgrass) putting greens at the Butler National Golf Course in Oak Brook, IL.The wilting symptoms of the disease and the irregular nature of its spread through affected areas suggested that an infectious agent was involved. However, normal isolation procedures did not yield any organism known to infect turf grass. TEM was employed in order to aid in the possible diagnosis of the disease.Crown, root and leaf tissue of both infected and symptomless plants were fixed in cold 5% glutaraldehyde in 0.1 M phosphate buffer, post-fixed in buffered 1% osmium tetroxide, dehydrated in ethanol and embedded in a 1:1 mixture of Spurrs and epon-araldite epoxy resins.

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