scholarly journals A meta-modeling framework in public health emergency management

SIMULATION ◽  
2017 ◽  
Vol 94 (5) ◽  
pp. 401-419
Author(s):  
Bin Chen ◽  
Peng Zhang
Keyword(s):  
Public Health ◽  
Emergency Management ◽  
Code Generation ◽  
Large Scale ◽  
Public Health Emergency ◽  
Modeling Framework ◽  
Artificial Society ◽  
Novel Approach ◽  
Meta Modeling ◽  
Emergency Scenarios

Epidemic transmission is a common type of public health emergency that is difficult to forecast and often causes substantial harm. Artificial societal models provide a novel approach to the study of public health problems. However, public health emergency management (PHEM) always involves multi-disciplinary and multi-hierarchical models that complicate the work of modeling. Models are also made more complex by the consideration of new requirements and interactions. Therefore, we propose a domain-specific methodology to guide the modeling process in PHEM. By analyzing domain characteristics and modeling requirements, a meta-modeling framework can be constructed, containing the basic elements with which to construct an artificial society to study epidemic transmission. In this paper, the designs of meta-models are discussed in detail, and domain models are implemented by code generation, which enables the support of large-scale, agent-based computational experiments on the KD-ACP platform. Case studies of Ebola are outlined, emergency scenarios are reconstructed based on pre-designed meta-models, and “scenario-response” experiments are presented. This study provides a valuable framework and methodology with which to study complex social problems in PHEM. The proposed method has been verified effectively and efficiently.

Lessons Learned in Public Health Emergency Management: Personal Reflections

2000 ◽  
Vol 15 (4) ◽  
pp. 83-88 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kenneth W. Kizer
Keyword(s):  
Public Health ◽  
Emergency Management ◽  
Social Order ◽  
Common Good ◽  
Large Scale ◽  
Weak Link ◽  
Public Health Emergency ◽  
Lessons Learned ◽  
Response Chain ◽  
Animal Pathogens

AbstractMultiple environmental, ecological, and socio-political forces are converging to increase the occurrence of both natural and technological disasters. Ten forces are of most concern in this regard. These are: 1) global warming, with its consequent weather extremes and climate changes; 2) continued rapid human population growth and concomitant increased urbanization; 3) decreased bio-diversity and consequent ecological fragility; 4) deforestation and loss of natural habitat for animal species, with resultant greater overlap of human and animal habitats, human exposure to animal pathogens, and other ecological perturbations; 5) increased technological development throughout the world (especially in developing countries with their typically immature safety programs) 6) globalization and increased population mobility; 7) sub-national religious and ethnic conflicts, and their potential for conflict escalation and large scale displacement of populations; 8) the collapse of several major countries and consequent unraveling of national identity and social order; 9) the rise of terrorism; and 10) dramatic advances in the science and technology of computing, communications, biotechnology, and genomics.This paper describes 10 lessons learned relative to the public health aspects of emergency management, especially as they pertain to disasters. 1) Planning pays; 2) A bad situation can be made worse by inappropriate responses; 3) Most life saving interventions will occur before the disaster happens and immediately afterwards by local action; 4) Public health emergency management is not a democratic process; 5) Psychological impacts are usually greater than anticipated; 6) Communications and information management are vital, but often are the weak link in the response chain; 7) Collaboration and partnerships are essential; 8) Unsolicited volunteers and aid are inevitable and must be planned for and managed; 9) Never assume anything, and always expect the unexpected; and 10) Post-event evaluation is important, and must be coordinated.The paramount lesson learned from past emergencies is that the untoward impact of these events can be anticipated and significantly ameliorated by appropriate planning and preparation. On the other hand, preparation for emergency events has deteriorated because of health-care financial constraints, and resources to support planning and needed infrastructure have diminished. Given these realities, the major unresolved challenge is how to ensure that planning for the common good is supported and, in fact, gets done.

A comparative study of public‐health emergency management

2009 ◽  
Vol 109 (7) ◽  
pp. 976-992 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jiaxiang Hu ◽  
Amy Z. Zeng ◽  
Lindu Zhao
Keyword(s):  
Public Health ◽  
Comparative Study ◽  
Emergency Management ◽  
Public Health Emergency

Public health emergency management capacity building in Guinea: 2014-2019

2020 ◽  
Vol 16 (2) ◽  
pp. 179
Author(s):  
Lise D. Martel ◽  
Michael Phipps ◽  
Amadou Traore ◽  
Claire J. Standley ◽  
Mohamed L. Soumah ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Public Health ◽  
Emergency Management ◽  
Capacity Building ◽  
Public Health Emergency ◽  
Management Capacity

Dynamics of Interorganizational Public Health Emergency Management Networks: Following the 2015 MERS Response in South Korea

2018 ◽  
Vol 30 (3) ◽  
pp. 207-216 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kyungwoo Kim ◽  
Kyujin Jung
Keyword(s):  
Public Health ◽  
Middle East ◽  
South Korea ◽  
Emergency Management ◽  
Information Disclosure ◽  
Public Health Emergency ◽  
Middle East Respiratory Syndrome ◽  
Outbreak Response ◽  
Governmental Agencies ◽  
Hierarchical Communication

We investigated public health emergency management networks during the recent outbreak of Middle East respiratory syndrome coronavirus that affected more than 17 000 people in South Korea. We administered a survey to 169 organizations in order to map the pattern of communication and response networks during the Middle East respiratory syndrome outbreak. We also conducted 11 semistructured interviews with national, regional, and local government officials to comprehend inhibiting and facilitating factors in risk communication and response to the system. National ministries or agencies play central roles in coordinating and supporting the overall response, and local and regional governments or agencies interact with other governments and agencies. Governmental agencies coordinating and/or supporting the outbreak response had difficulties in communicating with other agencies because of the ambiguity of the nature of the infectious disease, slow information disclosure, differences in the organizational priorities, different information standards, and the limitations of the information system. To better respond to a virus outbreak, government agencies need to improve hierarchical communication among different levels of governments, horizontal communication and cooperation between same types or different types of agencies, and information systems.

An ACP Approach to Public Health Emergency Management: Using a Campus Outbreak of H1N1 Influenza as a Case Study

2013 ◽  
Vol 43 (5) ◽  
pp. 1028-1041 ◽  
Author(s):  
Wei Duan ◽  
Zhidong Cao ◽  
Youzhong Wang ◽  
Bin Zhu ◽  
Daniel Zeng ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Public Health ◽  
Emergency Management ◽  
H1n1 Influenza ◽  
Public Health Emergency

Developing an instrument to measure household radiological emergency preparedness using the Community Assessment for Public Health Emergency Response (CASPER) methodology: An evidence-informed approach

2021 ◽  
Vol 19 (3) ◽  
pp. 293-305
Author(s):  
Rennie W. Ferguson, DrPH, MHS ◽  
Daniel J. Barnett, MD, MPH ◽  
Ryan David Kennedy, PhD ◽  
Tara Kirk Sell, PhD, MA ◽  
Jessica S. Wieder ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Public Health ◽  
Emergency Management ◽  
Emergency Response ◽  
Emergency Preparedness ◽  
Survey Instrument ◽  
Public Health Emergency ◽  
Community Assessment ◽  
Radiological Emergency ◽  
Preparedness Planning ◽  
Public Health Emergency Response

Introduction: Community assessments to measure emergency preparedness can inform policies, planning, and communication to the public to improve readiness and response if an emergency was to occur. Public health and emergency management officials need an effective assessment tool to measure community preparedness for a radiological emergency. Methods: The authors created a survey instrument to collect data on household radiological emergency preparedness that could be implemented using the Community Assessment for Public Health Emergency Response (CASPER) methodology, developed by the US Centers for Disease Control and Prevention. To inform the development of the tool, the authors examined existing CASPER surveys, focusing on identifying best practices for creating a survey instrument, as well as analyzing the results of a survey of radiation preparedness experts and state/local health and emergency management officials. Results: The developed survey tool includes 32 questions covering four domains: communication in an emergency, preparedness planning, physical/behavioral health, and demographics. The instrument captures information related to identified barriers in communicating in a radiological emergency as well as self-reported behaviors that could potentially be influenced through awareness and education.Discussion: Using the proposed survey instrument and following the existing rapid assessment methodology provided by CASPER, public health and emergency management agencies can collect valuable information on the radiation preparedness needs of their communities, which can then be used to improve household readiness for an emergency.

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