Abstract
Rapid technological advances are in line with the increasing use of plastics. The problem faced is that plastic waste is not easily degraded by microorganisms in the soil. Bioplastics are made from renewable natural materials so that they have properties that can be broken down by microorganisms. In this study, bioplastics were made from agricultural waste containing starch, namely from jackfruit seed starch plus corncob starch. Optimization using the response surface methodology (RSM) was carried out to see the optimum conditions of the variables and also the response to the physical properties of the resulting bioplastic. The research variables used were ZnO consisting of 3, 6, and 9 percent (%) and the glycerol variable consisted of 2, 5, and 8 mL. From the test results using RSM obtained the optimum conditions of ZnO 7.42% and glycerol 4.96 mL with a residual value of 81.3612%; water resistance 86.1333%; and heat resistance of 96.888°C with a desirability value of 0.725. The combination of the basic ingredients of agricultural waste in the form of jackfruit seeds and corn cobs is able to produce bioplastics with good physical properties.
Optimization of physical characteristics of bioplastics from agricultural waste using response surface methodology (RSM)