protein production
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Author(s):  
Benno Verbelen ◽  
Tiziana Girardi ◽  
Sergey O. Sulima ◽  
Stijn Vereecke ◽  
Paulien Verstraete ◽  
...  

2022 ◽  
Author(s):  
Carlos Martinez ◽  
Eugenio Cinquemani ◽  
Hidde de Jong ◽  
Jean-Luc Gouze

The bacterium E. coli is widely used to produce recombinant proteins such as growth hormone and insulin. One inconvenience with E. coli cultures is the secretion of acetate through overflow metabolism. Acetate inhibits cell growth and represents a carbon diversion, which results in several negative effects on protein production. One way to overcome this problem is the use of a synthetic consortium of two different E. coli strains, one producing recombinant proteins and one reducing the acetate concentration. In this paper, we study a chemostat model of such a synthetic community where both strains are allowed to produce recombinant proteins. We give necessary and sufficient conditions for the existence of a coexistence equilibrium and show that it is unique. Based on this equilibrium, we define a multi-objective optimization problem for the maximization of two important bioprocess performance metrics, process yield and productivity. Solving numerically this problem, we find the best available trade-offs between the metrics. Under optimal operation of the mixed community, both strains must produce the protein of interest, and not only one (distribution instead of division of labor). Moreover, in this regime acetate secretion by one strain is necessary for the survival of the other (syntrophy). The results thus illustrate how complex multi-level dynamics shape the optimal production of recombinant proteins by synthetic microbial consortia.


2022 ◽  
Author(s):  
Lauren Gambill ◽  
August Staubus ◽  
Andrea Ameruoso ◽  
James Chappell

Individual RNA remains a challenging signal to synthetically transduce into different types of cellular information. Here, we describe Ribozyme-ENabled Detection of RNA (RENDR), a plug-and-play strategy that uses cellular transcripts to template the assembly of split ribozymes, triggering splicing reactions that generate orthogonal protein outputs. To identify split ribozymes that require templating for splicing, we used laboratory evolution to evaluate the activities of different split variants of the Tetrahymena thermophila ribozyme. The best design delivered a 93-fold dynamic range of splicing with RENDR controlling fluorescent protein production in response to an RNA input. We resolved a thermodynamic model to guide RENDR design, showed how input signals can be transduced into diverse visual, chemical, and regulatory outputs, and used RENDR to detect an antibiotic resistance phenotype in bacteria. This work shows how transcriptional signals can be monitored in situ using RNA synthetic biology and converted into different types of biochemical information.


2022 ◽  
Author(s):  
Shardul Bhusari ◽  
Shrikrishnan Sankaran ◽  
Aranzazu del Campo

Engineered living materials (ELMs) are a new class of materials in which living organisms incorporated into diffusive matrices uptake a fundamental role in material composition and function. Understanding how the spatial confinement in 3D affects the behavior of the embedded cells is crucial to design and predict ELM functions, regulate and minimize their environmental impact and facilitate their translation into applied materials. This study investigates the growth and metabolic activity of bacteria within an associative hydrogel network (Pluronic-based) with mechanical properties that can be tuned by introducing a variable degree of acrylate crosslinks. Individual bacteria distributed in the hydrogel matrix at low density form functional colonies whose size is controlled by the extent of permanent crosslinks. With increasing stiffness and decreasing plasticity of the matrix, a decrease in colony volumes and an increase in their sphericity is observed. Protein production surprisingly follows a different pattern with higher production yields occurring in networks with intermediate permanent crosslinking degrees. These results demonstrate that, bacterial mechanosensitivity can be used to control and regulate the composition and function of ELMs by thoughtful design of the encapsulating matrix, and by following design criteria with interesting similarities to those developed for 3D culture of mammalian cells.


Author(s):  
Ashley Rose Rackow ◽  
Jennifer L Judge ◽  
Collynn F Woller ◽  
Patricia J. Sime ◽  
Robert Matthew Kottmann

Idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis (IPF) is a chronic interstitial lung disease. The pathogenesis of IPF is not completely understood. However, numerous genes are associated with the development and progression of pulmonary fibrosis, indicating there is a significant genetic component to the pathogenesis of IPF. Epigenetic influences on the development of human disease, including pulmonary fibrosis, remain to be fully elucidated. In this paper we identify miR-338-3p as a microRNA severely downregulated in the lungs of patients with pulmonary fibrosis and in experimental models of pulmonary fibrosis. Treatment of primary human lung fibroblasts with miR-338-3p inhibits myofibroblast differentiation and matrix protein production. Published and proposed targets of miR-338-3p such as TGFβ receptor 1, MEK/ERK 1/2, Cdk4 and Cyclin D are also not responsible for the regulation of pulmonary fibroblast behavior by miR-338-3p. miR-338-3p inhibits myofibroblast differentiation by preventing TGFβ-mediated downregulation of phosphatase and tensin homolog (PTEN), a known anti-fibrotic mediator.


2022 ◽  
Vol 8 ◽  
Author(s):  
Abhilash Padavannil ◽  
Maria G. Ayala-Hernandez ◽  
Eimy A. Castellanos-Silva ◽  
James A. Letts

Complex I (CI) is the largest protein complex in the mitochondrial oxidative phosphorylation electron transport chain of the inner mitochondrial membrane and plays a key role in the transport of electrons from reduced substrates to molecular oxygen. CI is composed of 14 core subunits that are conserved across species and an increasing number of accessory subunits from bacteria to mammals. The fact that adding accessory subunits incurs costs of protein production and import suggests that these subunits play important physiological roles. Accordingly, knockout studies have demonstrated that accessory subunits are essential for CI assembly and function. Furthermore, clinical studies have shown that amino acid substitutions in accessory subunits lead to several debilitating and fatal CI deficiencies. Nevertheless, the specific roles of CI’s accessory subunits have remained mysterious. In this review, we explore the possible roles of each of mammalian CI’s 31 accessory subunits by integrating recent high-resolution CI structures with knockout, assembly, and clinical studies. Thus, we develop a framework of experimentally testable hypotheses for the function of the accessory subunits. We believe that this framework will provide inroads towards the complete understanding of mitochondrial CI physiology and help to develop strategies for the treatment of CI deficiencies.


2022 ◽  
Vol 61 ◽  
pp. 102603
Author(s):  
Fabian Abiusi ◽  
Pedro Moñino Fernández ◽  
Stefano Canziani ◽  
Marcel Janssen ◽  
René H. Wijffels ◽  
...  

2022 ◽  
Vol 189 ◽  
pp. 105991
Author(s):  
Sreejith Raran-Kurussi ◽  
Sarawata B. Sharwanlal ◽  
Deepa Balasubramanian ◽  
Kaustubh R. Mote

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