Young and Older Adults May Utilize Different Cognitive Abilities When Performing a Spatial Recognition Memory Test With Varying Levels of Similarity

2019 ◽  
Vol 90 (1) ◽  
pp. 65-83 ◽  
Author(s):  
Nicole E. DeFord ◽  
Shannon Y. DeJesus ◽  
Heather M. Holden ◽  
Lisa V. Graves ◽  
Francesca V. Lopez ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Older Adults ◽  
Young Adults ◽  
Recognition Memory ◽  
Cognitive Abilities ◽  
Neuropsychological Tests ◽  
Signal Detection Theory ◽  
Memory Test ◽  
Similarity Condition ◽  
Recognition Memory Test ◽  
Spatial Recognition

We used signal detection theory to evaluate spatial recognition memory utilizing a behavioral test hypothesized to tax pattern separation. Correlations with standardized neuropsychological tests also were examined. Healthy young ( n = 40) and older ( n = 30) adults completed a spatial recognition memory test involving high- and low-similarity conditions. Using d’ as the dependent variable, we found that older adults were significantly impaired relative to young adults on the high- and low-similarity conditions ( ps < .05). Both groups performed significantly better in the low-similarity condition compared to the high-similarity condition ( p < .05), with young adults exhibiting greater improvement relative to older adults. We also found that young adults may rely on spatial attention abilities when performing our test, while older adults might rely on memory and executive function abilities. These findings indicate that young and older adults may utilize different cognitive abilities when performing certain spatial memory tests.

scholarly journals Visual Recognition Memory Test Performance was Improved in Older Adults by Extending Encoding Time and Repeating Test Trials

2014 ◽  
Vol 56 (6) ◽  
pp. 453-460 ◽  
Author(s):  
Chalermsiri Theppitak ◽  
Viet Lai ◽  
Hiroyuki Izumi ◽  
Yoshiyuki Higuchi ◽  
Ganga Kumudini ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Older Adults ◽  
Recognition Memory ◽  
Test Performance ◽  
Visual Recognition ◽  
Memory Test ◽  
Recognition Memory Test ◽  
Visual Recognition Memory

Early detection of memory impairments in older adults: standardization of a short version of the verbal and nonverbal Recognition Memory Test

2018 ◽  
Vol 40 (1) ◽  
pp. 97-103 ◽  
Author(s):  
Daniela Smirni ◽  
Pietro Smirni ◽  
Giovanni Di Martino ◽  
Maria Lorena Fontana ◽  
Lisa Cipolotti ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Older Adults ◽  
Early Detection ◽  
Recognition Memory ◽  
Memory Test ◽  
Short Version ◽  
Recognition Memory Test ◽  
Memory Impairments

scholarly journals Learning by insight as a potential strategy to improve memory encoding in older adults

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jasmin M. Kizilirmak ◽  
Larissa Fischer ◽  
Justus Krause ◽  
Joram Soch ◽  
Anni Richter ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Older Adults ◽  
Young Adults ◽  
Problem Solving ◽  
Recognition Memory ◽  
Memory Performance ◽  
Age Groups ◽  
Memory Formation ◽  
Memory Test ◽  
Equal Proportion ◽  
Similar Frequency

Several cognitive functions show a decline with advanced age, most prominently episodic memory. Problem-solving by insight represents a special associative form of problem-solving that has previously been shown to facilitate long-term memory formation. Recent neuroimaging evidence suggests that the encoding network involved in insight-based memory formation is largely hippocampus-independent. This may represent a potential advantage in older adults, as the hippocampus is one of the earliest brain structures to show age-related volume loss and functional impairment. Here, we investigated the potential beneficial effects of learning by insight in healthy older (60-79 years) compared to young adults (19-28 years). To this end, we compared later memory performance for verbal riddles encoded incidentally via insight-like induced sudden comprehension in both age groups. We employed a variant of the Compound Remote Associate Task (CRAT) for incidental encoding, during which participants were instructed to judge the solvability of items. In a 24-hour delayed surprise memory test, participants attempted to solve previously encountered items and additionally performed a recognition memory test. During this test, older adults correctly solved an equal proportion of new items compared to young adults and both age groups reported a similar frequency of Aha! experiences. While overall memory performance was better in young participants (higher proportion of correctly solved and correctly recognized old items), older participants exhibited a stronger beneficial effect of insight on later recognition memory for previously presented items. Our results thus show that learning via insight might constitute a promising approach to improve memory function in old age.

scholarly journals Learning by Insight-Like Sudden Comprehension as a Potential Strategy to Improve Memory Encoding in Older Adults

2021 ◽  
Vol 13 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jasmin M. Kizilirmak ◽  
Larissa Fischer ◽  
Justus Krause ◽  
Joram Soch ◽  
Anni Richter ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Older Adults ◽  
Young Adults ◽  
Problem Solving ◽  
Recognition Memory ◽  
Memory Performance ◽  
Age Groups ◽  
Memory Formation ◽  
Memory Test ◽  
Equal Proportion ◽  
Similar Frequency

Several cognitive functions show a decline with advanced age, most prominently episodic memory. Problem-solving by insight represents a special associative form of problem-solving that has previously been shown to facilitate long-term memory formation. Recent neuroimaging evidence suggests that the encoding network involved in insight-based memory formation is largely hippocampus-independent. This may represent a potential advantage in older adults, as the hippocampus is one of the earliest brain structures to show age-related volume loss and functional impairment. Here, we investigated the potential beneficial effects of learning by insight in healthy older (60–79 years) compared to young adults (19–28 years). To this end, we compared later memory performance for verbal riddles encoded incidentally via induced insight-like sudden comprehension in both age groups. We employed a variant of the Compound Remote Associate Task (CRAT) for incidental encoding, during which participants were instructed to judge the solvability of items. In a 24-h delayed surprise memory test, participants attempted to solve previously encountered items and additionally performed a recognition memory test. During this test, older adults correctly solved an equal proportion of new CRA items compared to young adults and both age groups reported a similar frequency of Aha! experiences. While overall memory performance was better in young participants (higher proportion of correctly solved and correctly recognized old CRA items), older participants exhibited a stronger beneficial effect of insight-like sudden comprehension on later recognition memory for CRA items. Our results suggest that learning via insight might constitute a promising approach to improve memory function in old age.

Standardization and validation of a parallel form of the verbal and non-verbal recognition memory test in an Italian population sample

2018 ◽  
Vol 39 (8) ◽  
pp. 1391-1399 ◽  
Author(s):  
Daniela Smirni ◽  
Pietro Smirni ◽  
Giovanni Di Martino ◽  
Lisa Cipolotti ◽  
Massimiliano Oliveri ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Recognition Memory ◽  
Population Sample ◽  
Memory Test ◽  
Italian Population ◽  
Recognition Memory Test ◽  
Verbal Recognition ◽  
Parallel Form

Internal Consistency of the Warrington Recognition Memory Test

1998 ◽  
Vol 86 (3_suppl) ◽  
pp. 1320-1322 ◽  
Author(s):  
Aaron C. Malina ◽  
Dana A. Bowers ◽  
Scott R. Millis ◽  
Sara Uekert
Keyword(s):  
Traumatic Brain Injury ◽  
Brain Injury ◽  
Recognition Memory ◽  
Internal Consistency ◽  
Internal Consistency Reliability ◽  
Memory Test ◽  
Recognition Memory Test ◽  
Warrington Recognition Memory Test

The Recognition Memory Test is frequently used to assess memory; however, one of the commonly cited limitations is a lack of data on reliability. The current study was undertaken to estimate the internal consistency reliability of the test with a sample of 72 persons with traumatic brain injury. Acceptable estimates of internal consistency for both subtests were obtained.

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