Civil–Military Patents and Technological Knowledge Flows Into the Leading Defense Firms

Drawing upon 106,181 patent applications by the world’s largest defense firms and 241,571 patent citations (2002–2011), this article has two main objectives. The first is to explore the factors affecting the production of mixed patents (those with potential dual applications in both military and civilian spheres). The second is to identify the causes of the use of military knowledge for civilian inventions ( spin-off) and the use of civilian knowledge in military patented technologies ( spin-in). Our calculations show highly significant coefficients for the variables capturing the “military technological capability” and the size of the company in explaining the production of mixed technologies. The spin-off process is affected by the military technological capability, the size of the firm, and the location. The spin-in mechanism is explained by the military technological capability and the location of the firm, while the size of the company is not relevant.

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The role of personal value preferences in predicting army stress

European Psychiatry ◽

10.1016/j.eurpsy.2017.02.355 ◽

2017 ◽

Vol 41 (S1) ◽

pp. S360-S360

Author(s):

E. Tartakovsky ◽

N. Rofe

Keyword(s):

Significant Proportion ◽

Factors Affecting ◽

Stressful Environment ◽

Personal Value ◽

Security Values ◽

The Face ◽

Competing Interest ◽

Army Service ◽

The Military ◽

Value Preferences

BackgroundThe military is a stressful environment, and many service persons experience army stress. Therefore, it is important to understand the factors affecting army stress and stress resiliency.ObjectiveThe present study examines the connections between personal value preferences and army stress, applying the value congruency paradigm.MethodMale soldiers serving in three combat units in the Israeli Defense Forces participated in the study (n = 257).ResultsThe results obtained demonstrated that personal value preferences explained a significant proportion of the variance in army stress beyond the socio-demographic variables. A lower stress level was associated with a higher preference for the values of societal security, conformity, achievement, and universalism, and with a lower preference for the face and personal security values.ConclusionsThe research promotes our understanding of the relationships between general motivational goals expressed in personal value preferences and stress in the military context. In addition, the results obtained indicate the possible relevance of using values for selecting and preparing recruits who will most likely adjust well to the army framework. Finally, some value-oriented interventions that may be used for promoting the soldiers’ psychological adjustment during their army service are suggested.Disclosure of interestThe authors have not supplied their declaration of competing interest.

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Lens or Prism? A Comparative Assessment of Patent Citations as a Measure of Knowledge Flows from Public Research

SSRN Electronic Journal ◽

10.2139/ssrn.1911965 ◽

2011 ◽

Author(s):

Michael Roach ◽

Wesley M. Cohen

Keyword(s):

Comparative Assessment ◽

Knowledge Flows ◽

Public Research ◽

Patent Citations

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Analysis of technological knowledge flows in the Basque Country

International Journal of Production Management and Engineering ◽

10.4995/ijpme.2019.10572 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 7 ◽

pp. 73

Author(s):

J. Gavilanes-Trapote ◽

I. Etxeberria-Agiriano ◽

E. Cilleruelo ◽

G. Garechana

Keyword(s):

Basque Country ◽

Relevant Information ◽

Technological Knowledge ◽

Patent Citation ◽

Knowledge Flows ◽

Knowledge Flow ◽

Illustrative Case ◽

Patent Data ◽

Continuous Growth ◽

Key Indicator

<p>Knowledge flow of technology is important for continuous growth and extension of science. Patent data analysis has facilitated this knowledge acquisition. The available patent information crosses borders, corresponds and interacts with new inventions to give new strength and dimension to the technology. Therefore, the patent citation information functions as a key indicator of the knowledge flow providing relevant information. It can be identified to which extent a region is a relevant technological knowledge generator to other regions. As an illustrative case, we present a study to determine the role played by the Basque Country region as a generator of technological innovation during the period 1991-2011.</p>

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Lens or Prism? Patent Citations as a Measure of Knowledge Flows from Public Research

10.3386/w18292 ◽

2012 ◽

Cited By ~ 3

Author(s):

Michael Roach ◽

Wesley Cohen

Keyword(s):

Knowledge Flows ◽

Public Research ◽

Patent Citations

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1225 Sexsomnia: A Case of Sleep Masturbation And Sleeping In An Open Work Environment

SLEEP ◽

10.1093/sleep/zsaa056.1219 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 43 (Supplement_1) ◽

pp. A468-A468

Author(s):

David S Kim ◽

Brian E Foster ◽

Meagan M Rizzo ◽

Jacob F Collen ◽

Rodolfo Soca

Keyword(s):

Code Of Conduct ◽

Significant Past Medical History ◽

Factors Affecting ◽

Obstructive Sleep ◽

History Of ◽

Sleep Environment ◽

Sleep Sex ◽

The Military ◽

Made In

Abstract Introduction Sleep sex or sexsomnia is classified in the International Classification of Sleep Disorders as a non-rapid eye movement (NREM) parasomnia. The overall prevalence is unknown but several conditions such as obstructive sleep apnea (OSA), shift work, and/or insufficient sleep have been reported as factors affecting the frequency of NREM parasomnias. Parasomnias, with sexsomnias in particular, can cause significant emotional distress to patients and their families. We present a case of co-morbid sexsomnia and OSA in a patient serving in the military that had the complicating factor of sleeping in open quarters. Report of Case A 40-year-old male in active duty military without significant past medical history or medication use presented to clinic with a two year history of disruptive sleep masturbation reported by wife. Patient’s wife reported no instances of attempted sexual intercourse. The patient had no recollection of the episodes. The frequency and nature of the episodes were causing personal and marital distress. Patient was also concerned about work responsibilities, since he was periodically required to sleep in open environments. After initial clinic evaluation, patient underwent a video polysomnography (vPSG) with an extended EEG montage. No parasomnia activity was captured on vPSG but patient was diagnosed with moderate OSA. He was started on continuous positive airway pressure (CPAP) therapy, resulting in decreased number of episodes with relapses corresponding to nights without CPAP usage. Conclusion Sexsomnia cases require careful history taking and evaluation. The nature of the episodes and the sleep environment of the patient must be examined for any medico-legal ramification as there are court precedents of sexual assault charges made in sexsomnia-related cases. The military environment is unique with group-sleeping conditions, often in austere environments. If sexsomnia were to be misinterpreted as indecent exposure, under the military code of conduct, this could have significant career implications.

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