Myeloid Sarcomas of the Head and Neck in Pediatric Patients with Myeloid Leukemia

Myeloid sarcoma is a rare extramedullary tumor composed of malignant myeloid cells that occur in the presence of myeloid leukemia. We report a case series of pediatric head and neck myeloid sarcomas representative of the epidemiology, symptomatology, laboratorial correlations, prognoses, and treatment of extramedullary leukemia. Presented are 3 cases involving patients ranging from 17 months to 11 years of age. Two patients were successfully treated with chemotherapy, and in the third patient, a large lytic lesion was treated palliatively with proton beam therapy. Knowledge and recognition of myeloid sarcomas is important as they can be locally invasive, and they may also be used as a diagnostic tool or a prognostic indicator for leukemia.

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Spine Myeloid Sarcoma: A Case Series with Review of Literature

South Asian Journal of Cancer ◽

10.1055/s-0041-1742079 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 10 (04) ◽

pp. 251-254

Author(s):

Kajal Shah ◽

Harsha Panchal ◽

Apurva Patel

Keyword(s):

Myeloid Leukemia ◽

De Novo ◽

Correct Diagnosis ◽

Relevant Literature ◽

Bone Marrow Involvement ◽

Case Series ◽

Diagnostic Algorithm ◽

Myeloid Sarcoma ◽

Diagnostic Challenge ◽

Extramedullary Tumor

AbstractMyeloid sarcoma (MS) is a malignant extramedullary tumor consisting of immature cells of myeloid origin. It may precede, present concurrently or follow acute myeloid leukemia (AML) in de novo case or may also be present and might be the only manifestation of recurrent AML, myelodysplastic syndrome, or chronic myeloid leukemia. It frequently involves skin, orbit, bone, periosteum, lymph nodes, and gastrointestinal tract, soft tissue, central nervous system, and testis. Because of its different localization and symptoms, and the lack of diagnostic algorithm, MS is a real diagnostic challenge particularly in patients without initial bone marrow involvement. The correct diagnosis of MS is important for optimum therapy, which is often delayed because of a high misdiagnosis rate. We reported three cases of MS derived from spine presented with back pain, paraplegia, paraparesis, respectively, and reviewed the relevant literature.

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Oral Propranolol Therapy for Benign Capillary Hemangiomas in a Series of Adult and Pediatric Patients

Philippine Journal of Otolaryngology Head and Neck Surgery ◽

10.32412/pjohns.v32i2.75 ◽

2018 ◽

Vol 32 (2) ◽

pp. 34-37

Author(s):

Gerardo Aniano C. Dimaguila ◽

Emmanuel S. Samson

Keyword(s):

Head And Neck ◽

Pediatric Patients ◽

Case Series ◽

Lesion Size ◽

Capillary Hemangioma ◽

Clinical Resolution ◽

Prospective Case Series ◽

The Right ◽

Propranolol Therapy ◽

Oral Propranolol

Objective: To describe outcomes of oral propranolol therapy in a series of adult and pediatric patients diagnosed with benign capillary hemangioma of the head and neck. Methods: Design: Prospective Case Series Setting: Tertiary Government Hospital Participants: Ten (10) patients representing all patients clinically diagnosed with benign capillary hemangioma of the head and neck, enrolled in the study from 2012 to 2015. Results: Two (2) adults and eight (8) children were enrolled in the study. Although a decrease in lesion size was observed in half of the participants starting at three months, only one (1) attained complete resolution of the lesion-- a 12-year-old girl with hemangioma of the right parotid gland that attained clinical resolution of symptoms after four months of treatment. The remaining nine out of ten (9/10) participants did not attain complete clinical resolution; but there was a decrease in lesion size in four (4) of these participants. For the remaining five (5) participants, there was neither a decrease nor an increase in lesion size. Altogether, of the two adult participants, only one responded to therapy, while only 4 out of 8 pediatric participants responded to therapy. There were no noticeable differences between adult and pediatric patients in terms of resolution and plateau. Aside from mild bradycardia expected with propranolol, no adverse reactions were observed during the course of treatment. Conclusion: Although half of our participants responded to oral propranolol therapy, whether these observations may be attributable to oral propranolol alone cannot be concluded. Keywords: hemangioma, capillary; hemangioma; propranolol administration, oral; propranolol

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Autologous, Noncultured Epidermal Cell Suspension Grafting in the Management of Mechanically and Chemically Induced Leukodermic Scars

Journal of Cutaneous Medicine and Surgery ◽

10.1177/1203475415581311 ◽

2015 ◽

Vol 19 (5) ◽

pp. 488-493 ◽

Cited By ~ 5

Author(s):

Nikki S. Vyas ◽

Kelsey L. Lawrence ◽

James L. Griffith ◽

Iltefat H. Hamzavi

Keyword(s):

Cell Suspension ◽

Epidermal Cell ◽

Case Series ◽

Prognostic Indicator ◽

The Third ◽

Small Case Series ◽

Chemically Induced ◽

Transplant Procedure ◽

Skin Phototype

Background: Melanocyte-keratinocyte transplant procedure (MKTP) successfully repigments postburn leukodermic scars. Objective: To further investigate the efficacy and limitations of MKTP for treatment of mechanically and chemically induced leukodermic scars. Methods: Ten patients with mechanically or chemically induced, depigmented or hypopigmented scars were preoperatively evaluated with Wood’s light examination, treated with MKTP, and followed for at least 6 months, with monitoring of repigmentation and colour matching. Results: Nine patients attended at least 6 months of follow-up. Six patients showed no fluorescence of scars under Wood’s lamp. All patients whose lesions didn’t fluoresce displayed less than 50% repigmentation, with 5 of 6 attaining 0% to 24%. Of the 3 patients displaying bright or some fluorescence, more than 95% repigmentation was achieved in 2 patients (skin phototypes V and VI), while less than 24% was attained for the third (skin phototype II). Conclusions: In this small case series, lack of fluorescence in leukodermic scars may be a useful negative prognostic indicator for MKTP, but additional trials are needed to verify that this is not due to melanocompetency.

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Aneurysmal bone cysts of the head and neck in pediatric patients: A case series

International Journal of Pediatric Otorhinolaryngology ◽

10.1016/j.ijporl.2008.02.021 ◽

2008 ◽

Vol 72 (7) ◽

pp. 977-983 ◽

Cited By ~ 17

Author(s):

Lorne Segall ◽

Raanan Cohen-Kerem ◽

Bo-Yee Ngan ◽

Vito Forte

Keyword(s):

Head And Neck ◽

Pediatric Patients ◽

Case Series ◽

Bone Cysts ◽

Aneurysmal Bone Cysts

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Aneurysmal bone cyst in the head and neck region of the pediatric patients: a review

International Journal of Contemporary Pediatrics ◽

10.18203/2349-3291.ijcp20214171 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 8 (11) ◽

pp. 1914

Author(s):

Santosh Kumar Swain

Keyword(s):

Head And Neck ◽

Pediatric Patients ◽

Case Reports ◽

Case Series ◽

Neck Region ◽

Surrounding Tissue ◽

Original Research ◽

Head And Neck Region ◽

Complete Surgical Excision ◽

Neck Area

Aneurysmal bone cysts (ABCs) are benign, vascular and cystic bony tumors which can be rapidly expanding and locally cause destruction of the surrounding tissue. ABCs in the head and neck area are usually found in patients with younger age group. ABC in the head and neck region of children may vary in presentations and severity. ABCs are commonly found in mandible, sinonasal tract and cranium in head and neck region. Imaging and histopathological examinations confirm the diagnosis. Complete surgical excision is the treatment of choice. ABC which is secondary to underlying bone pathology like osteoblastoma may refractory to treatment. ABC in the head and neck region are uncommon and should be considered as differential diagnosis of bony and vascular lesions in the locations like mandible, sinonasal area, cranium, mastoid bone and spine. The review article includes case series, case reports and original research on ABCs manifesting in the head and neck area published in the English language. All literatures identified via Scopus, Google scholar, Medline and PubMed were analyzed individually. Articles of ABCs included according to specified eligibility criteria. The total number of articles were 78 (41 case reports; 37 cases series; 8 original articles). ABCs rapidly grow with expansile manner and result in destruction of bone and surrounding tissue in the head and neck region, so clinicians must think about this clinical entity to diagnose correctly and treat appropriately. The aim of the article is providing a comprehensive review of the ABC in the head and neck region of the pediatric patients.

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