The Mandate of the Collective: Apology Representativeness Determines Perceived Sincerity and Forgiveness in Intergroup Contexts

2017 ◽  
Vol 43 (6) ◽  
pp. 758-771 ◽  
Author(s):  
Michael Wenzel ◽  
Tyler G. Okimoto ◽  
Matthew J. Hornsey ◽  
Ellie Lawrence-Wood ◽  
Anne-Marie Coughlin
Keyword(s):  
Victim Group ◽  
Intragroup Processes ◽  
Group Members

The sincerity of an apology is often critical for it to be viewed positively by victims. For collective apologies, we argue that sincerity takes on a particular meaning: It is a function of the apology’s perceived representativeness for the offender group’s will or sentiment. Consistent with this notion, when an apologetic (vs. nonapologetic) message was democratically chosen (Study 1) or explicitly endorsed by the majority of the offending outgroup (Study 2), it was considered more sincere and, through this, led to more forgiveness. Furthermore, while disagreement about an apology within the offender group reduced its perceived representativeness and sincerity, this was less so when the dissenters could be subtyped: when disagreement was correlated with an existing subgroup within the offending outgroup (Study 3) and in line with expectations for that subgroup (Study 4). This research shows that victim group members consider intragroup processes within the offending outgroup for attributions of sincerity.

Striking at the Core

2020 ◽  
pp. 380-398
Author(s):  
Frank Jake Kachanoff ◽  
Michael J. A. Wohl ◽  
Donald M. Taylor
Keyword(s):  
Well Being ◽  
Self Determination Theory ◽  
Psychological Needs ◽  
Integrated Model ◽  
Self Determination ◽  
The Core ◽  
Victim Group ◽  
Negative Effect ◽  
Group Members ◽  
Personal Level

This chapter presents an integrated model of psychological needs among victimized groups, building on self-determination theory. Extending the model of needs-based reconciliation and other work on needs among victim groups, the authors posit that collective victimization frustrates basic needs for relatedness, competence, and autonomy. They review empirical findings showing that the frustration of these needs on the collective level frustrates related needs on the personal level as well, and in turn have a negative effect on psychological well-being and willingness for reconciliation. The chapter focuses in particular on collective autonomy, which is central to many experiences of collective victimization as well as reconciliation attempts. In order to increase victim group members’ willingness to reconcile, it is important to take into consideration all three needs identified in this model and present apologies and other steps toward reconciliation in a way that satisfies these needs.

Perceived warmth of offending group moderates the effect of intergroup apologies

2021 ◽  
pp. 136843022096184
Author(s):  
Arya Awale ◽  
Christian S. Chan ◽  
Katy Y. Y. Tam ◽  
Minoru Karasawa
Keyword(s):  
Interaction Effect ◽  
Indirect Effect ◽  
Stereotype Content Model ◽  
Content Model ◽  
Stereotype Content ◽  
Victim Group ◽  
Relational Factors ◽  
Group Members

The stereotype content model provides a framework for understanding contextual and relational factors that may explain why some intergroup apologies are ineffective. Using actual and fictional scenarios, we examined whether the apology–forgiveness relationship and the apology–remorse relationship were dependent on the victim-group members’ perceived warmth of the offending group. Studies 1 ( N = 101) and 2 ( N = 109) demonstrated that the perceived warmth of the offending group moderated the influence of apology on forgiveness. The interaction effect between apology and forgiveness and that between apology and perceived remorse were qualified in three-way interactions in Studies 3 ( N = 235) and 4 ( N = 586). The warmth-by-apology interaction was detectable among those who were highly offended by the incident. In all four experiments, we found an indirect effect of perceived warmth on forgiveness through perceived remorse. The perceived lack of warmth associated with offending groups may help explain the muted effectiveness of intergroup apologies.

When do victim group members feel a moral obligation to help suffering others?

2014 ◽  
Vol 44 (3) ◽  
pp. 231-241 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ruth H. Warner ◽  
Michael J. A. Wohl ◽  
Nyla R. Branscombe
Keyword(s):  
Moral Obligation ◽  
Victim Group ◽  
Group Members

scholarly journals An Examination of Intragroup Process in Service-Learning Teams

2021 ◽  
Vol 4 (1) ◽  
pp. 65
Author(s):  
Randy Fall ◽  
Mark Dickerson ◽  
Roxanne Helm-Stevens
Keyword(s):  
High School Students ◽  
Service Learning ◽  
Group Dynamics ◽  
Career Readiness ◽  
School Students ◽  
Learning Teams ◽  
Intragroup Processes ◽  
Group Members ◽  
Service Learning Projects ◽  
The University

Small group work performed in the context of university service-learning projects has been seen as a vehicle well-suited to teaching students about group dynamics and how to work on real world problems as members of a team. Little research, however, has focused on the intragroup processes involved in service-learning. The present study was conducted in the context of a service-learning project in which twenty groups of four to five university business school students taught continuation high school students a series of lessons regarding life skills such as goal setting and career readiness. The lesson planning sessions of the university students were video recorded and the videos were then analyzed for patterns of utterances by group participants (questions; instructions; suggestions; etc.) that occurred during the sessions. An iterative process of coding and recoding was employed to capture each behavior for further study. The results suggest that the groups engaged in a surprising level of meaningful collaboration, with leadership shared among group members, and little evidence of individual dominance of groups, or conflict between students.

scholarly journals Does Identification With Rwanda Increase Reconciliation Sentiments Between Genocide Survivors and Non-Victims? The Mediating Roles of Perceived Intergroup Similarity and Self-Esteem During Commemorations

2014 ◽  
Vol 2 (1) ◽  
pp. 489-504 ◽  
Author(s):  
Clémentine Kanazayire ◽  
Laurent Licata ◽  
Patricia Mélotte ◽  
Jean Pierre Dusingizemungu ◽  
Assaad E. Azzi
Keyword(s):  
Questionnaire Survey ◽  
Group Identity ◽  
Self Esteem ◽  
Survivor Group ◽  
National Identification ◽  
Victim Group ◽  
Identity Model ◽  
Group Members ◽  
The Common

A questionnaire survey (N = 247) investigated the influence of identification with the Rwandan nation on reconciliation sentiments between members of the survivor and of the non-victim groups of the 1994 genocide in Rwanda. Results showed that, whereas the two groups did not differ in their level of identification with the nation, members of the non-victim group were more willing to reconcile than members of the survivor group. Perceived intergroup similarity mediated the effect of national identification on reconciliation sentiment for both groups, but this effect was stronger among non-victims. Finally, self-esteem during commemorations also mediated this effect, but only among non-victims. We discuss the importance of people’s motivation to reconcile with out-group members in post-genocidal contexts in light of the common in-group identity model (Gaertner & Dovidio, 2000) as well as the needs-based model of intergroup reconciliation (Nadler & Schnabel, 2008).

scholarly journals Duration and outcome of intergroup conflict influences intragroup affiliative behaviour

2008 ◽  
Vol 275 (1653) ◽  
pp. 2787-2791 ◽  
Author(s):  
Andrew N Radford
Keyword(s):  
Group Dynamics ◽  
Empirical Studies ◽  
Intergroup Conflict ◽  
Breeding Pair ◽  
Post Conflict ◽  
Conflict Duration ◽  
Intragroup Processes ◽  
Potential Link ◽  
Group Members ◽  
Intergroup Conflicts

Theoreticians have long suggested that the amount of intergroup conflict in which a group is involved could influence the level of cooperation or affiliation displayed by its members. Despite the prevalence of intergroup conflicts in many social animal species, however, few empirical studies have investigated this potential link. Here, I show that intragroup allopreening rates are highest in green woodhoopoe ( Phoeniculus purpureus ) groups that have the greatest involvement in intergroup conflict. One reason for this relationship is a post-conflict increase in allopreening, and I demonstrate for the first time that both conflict duration and outcome influence subsequent allopreening rates: group members allopreened more following long conflicts and those they lost compared with short conflicts and those they won, perhaps because the former are more stressful. The increase in affiliative behaviour was the result of more allopreening of subordinate helpers by the dominant breeding pair, which may be because the breeders are trying to encourage helpers to participate in future conflicts; relative group size influences conflict outcome and helpers contribute more to conflicts than do the breeding pair. These results emphasize that our understanding of cooperation and group dynamics can be enhanced by investigations of how intergroup interactions affect intragroup processes.

The power of norms to sway fused group members

2018 ◽  
Vol 41 ◽  
Author(s):  
Winnifred R. Louis ◽  
Craig McGarty ◽  
Emma F. Thomas ◽  
Catherine E. Amiot ◽  
Fathali M. Moghaddam
Keyword(s):  
Evolutionary Anthropology ◽  
Normative Systems ◽  
Violent Extremism ◽  
Identity Fusion ◽  
Group Members

AbstractWhitehouse adapts insights from evolutionary anthropology to interpret extreme self-sacrifice through the concept of identity fusion. The model neglects the role of normative systems in shaping behaviors, especially in relation to violent extremism. In peaceful groups, increasing fusion will actually decrease extremism. Groups collectively appraise threats and opportunities, actively debate action options, and rarely choose violence toward self or others.

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