The Social Consequences of Frequent Versus Infrequent Apologizing

2021 ◽  
pp. 014616722110652
Author(s):  
Karina Schumann ◽  
Emily G. Ritchie ◽  
Amanda Forest
Keyword(s):  
Conflict Resolution ◽  
Romantic Partners ◽  
Social Consequences ◽  
The Social ◽  
Resolution Processes

The effectiveness of interpersonal apologies is well established, but most existing research has examined the benefits of isolated apologies. How do apologies function when considered in the context of a transgressor’s apology baseline—the frequency with which they tend to apologize for their behavior? We examined whether people consider others’ apology baselines when evaluating both their character and specific apologies from them. In Study 1, participants judged a character with a high (vs. low) apology baseline as higher in communion and lower in agency. In Study 2, participants judged romantic partners with high (vs. low) apology baselines as higher in communion, but only lower in agency when they perceived these frequent apologies as low-quality. In both studies, having a high apology baseline was also indirectly associated with more favorable reactions to a specific apology via higher communion judgments, revealing the role of apology baselines in shaping conflict resolution processes.

The Social Consequences of Frequent versus Infrequent Apologizing PREPRINT

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Karina Schumann ◽  
Emily Grace Ritchie ◽  
Amanda Lynn Forest
Keyword(s):  
Conflict Resolution ◽  
Experimental Methods ◽  
Social Consequences ◽  
The Social ◽  
Resolution Processes

The effectiveness of interpersonal apologies is well established, but most existing research has examined the benefits of isolated apologies. How do apologies function when considered in the context of a transgressor’s apology baseline—the frequency with which they tend to apologize for their behavior? In three studies using correlational and experimental methods, we examined whether people consider others’ apology baselines when evaluating both their character and specific apologies from them. In Study 1, participants with high (vs. low) apology baselines believed that others judge them as higher in communion and lower in agency, which was consistent with how people actually judged high (vs. low) baseline apologizers (Studies 2 and 3). Having a high apology baseline was also indirectly associated with more favorable reactions to a specific apology via communion judgments. These studies are the first to examine apology baselines, revealing their importance for shaping interpersonal evaluations and conflict resolution processes.

A Qualitative Study on Friends and the Social Context of Sexual Victimization: Implications for Campus-Based Interventions

2020 ◽  
pp. 107780122095427
Author(s):  
Jessica A. Blayney ◽  
Tiffany Jenzer ◽  
Jennifer P. Read ◽  
Jennifer Livingston ◽  
Maria Testa ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Social Context ◽  
Qualitative Study ◽  
Sexual Victimization ◽  
Social Contexts ◽  
Social Consequences ◽  
Potential Danger ◽  
The Social ◽  
Barriers To Implementation ◽  
College Drinkers

Sexual victimization (SV) risk can begin in social contexts, ones where friends are present, though it is unclear how friends might be integrated into SV prevention. Using focus groups, female college drinkers described (a) the role of friends in preventing SV, (b) the strategies friends use to reduce vulnerability, and (c) the barriers to implementation. Friends-based strategies (keeping tabs on one another, using signals to convey potential danger, interrupting escalating situations, taking responsibility for friends, relying on male friends) and barriers (intoxication, preoccupation, situation ambiguity, social consequences) were discussed. Interventions can draw on these strategies, but must address the critical barriers.

Genealogy and Ambivalence of a Therapeutic Heterodoxy. Islam and Tibetan Medicine in North-western India

2014 ◽  
Vol 49 (6) ◽  
pp. 1772-1807
Author(s):  
LAURENT PORDIÉ
Keyword(s):  
Medical Practice ◽  
Social Consequences ◽  
Tibetan Medicine ◽  
Western India ◽  
The Social ◽  
Asian Medicine ◽  
Composite Nature ◽  
Role Of Religion ◽  
North Western

AbstractThis paper examines the case of a Shiite practitioner of Tibetan medicine in Ladakh, North-western India. It recounts the story of a Buddhist family converted to Islam, for which the abandonment of religion has not led to the discontinuation of a lineal medical practice known to have Buddhist overtones. This situation provides an invitation to explore the social consequences of maintaining the practice in a region characterized by religious conflict, as well as the criteria of sameness and difference, technique and genealogy that make a marked ‘other’ a practitioner of Tibetan medicine. These religious overlaps are, however, not only apparent at the social level; they are also present in the preparation of medicines, in etiological narratives or in the physical regimes of bodily care. The composite nature of medical practice helps us to observe from a new angle the role of religion in the practice of Tibetan medicine. The way medicine is enacted and performed in this context provides empirical materials to study the paradigms that both structure and confer motion to Tibetan learned medicine. The ethnography of a remote region in the Himalayas opens up research paths for the anthropology of Asian medicine amongst new categories of healers and renewed contexts of practice.

The Sting of Social: How Emphasizing Social Consequences in Warning Messages Influences Perceptions of Risk

2017 ◽  
Vol 81 (2) ◽  
pp. 83-98 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mitchel R. Murdock ◽  
Priyali Rajagopal
Keyword(s):  
Risk Perceptions ◽  
Light Exposure ◽  
Social Consequences ◽  
Perceptions Of Risk ◽  
Customer Perceptions ◽  
Warning Messages ◽  
The Social ◽  
Health Domains ◽  
Negative Health Outcomes

This research examines the effects of warning messages that emphasize the social consequences of negative health outcomes. The authors demonstrate that highlighting social (vs. health) consequences leads to greater perceived temporal proximity of and increased perceived vulnerability to the outcome, thereby affecting risk perceptions, behavioral intentions, and customer perceptions of actual experience. They document this effect across five studies in different health domains including flossing (Study 1), soda consumption (Study 2), smoking (Study 3), and unprotected ultraviolet light exposure (Studies 4 and 5). These findings point to the important role of the consequence type highlighted in warning messages, which can have a significant impact on risk perceptions and consumer experiences.

The social consequences of language ideologies in courtroom cross-examination

2012 ◽  
Vol 41 (4) ◽  
pp. 471-497 ◽  
Author(s):  
Diana Eades
Keyword(s):  
Language Ideologies ◽  
Aboriginal People ◽  
Social Consequences ◽  
Discourse Structure ◽  
Judicial Decision ◽  
Closing Arguments ◽  
Australian Aboriginal ◽  
Investigative Interview ◽  
The Social

AbstractInvestigations of inequality within the courtroom have mostly examined ways in which discourse structure and rules of use constrain witnesses. This article goes beyond interactional practices to deal with four central language ideologies, which both facilitate these practices and impact on the interpretation and understanding of what people say in evidence. The article further shows that language ideologies can have much wider consequences beyond the courtroom. Focusing on language ideologies involved in storytelling and retelling in cross-examination, and using an Australian example, the article traces the recontextualization of part of a witness's story from an initial investigative interview to cross-examination, then to its evaluation in closing arguments and the judicial decision, as well as its (mis)representation in the print media. The analysis reveals the role of these language ideologies in the perpetuation of neocolonial control over Australian Aboriginal people. (Language ideologies, courtroom talk, cross-examination, decontextualization, recontextualization, neocolonial control, Australia)*

scholarly journals MATERNIDADE CONTEMPORÂNEA: um estudo exploratório sobre vulnerabilidade e consumo

Revista Foco ◽  
2016 ◽  
Vol 9 (1) ◽  
pp. 293
Author(s):  
Priscila De Nadai ◽  
Natani Silveira
Keyword(s):  
Consumer Behavior ◽  
Pregnant Women ◽  
Cesarean Delivery ◽  
Medical Service ◽  
Social Consequences ◽  
High Occurrence ◽  
Consumer Vulnerability ◽  
Number Of Factors ◽  
The Social

Em pesquisa sobre o comportamento do consumidor, estudos sobre vulnerabilidade do consumidor apresentam uma proposta de unificação para diversos estudos que focam as consequências sociais do consumo. Ao se analisar a maternidade contemporânea, percebe-se aumento na oferta de produtos e serviços. No Brasil, um dos serviços que chama a atenção é a assistência médica privada para gestantes, pelo elevado número de cesarianas realizadas. O objetivo do artigo consiste em explorar potenciais situações de vulnerabilidade que gestantes possam encontrar, especialmente vindas do serviço de assistência médica, com foco no parto. Foram analisados blogs de gestantes e mães em busca de depoimentos. In consumer behavior research, studies about consumer vulnerability present a framework that aims to unify various studies that focus on the social consequences of consumption. Analysis of contemporary motherhood shows an increase in the offer of products and services. In Brazil, one of the services that stands out is private medical service for pregnant, due to its high occurrence of cesarean delivery. The objective of this paper is to explore potential situations of vulnerability that pregnant women may find, especially coming from the medical service, with a focus on delivery. The methodology focused on the analysis of content in blogs directed to pregnant women and mothers in search of evidence. The main results show that Brazilian pregnant women, in the role of medical services consumers for delivery, are in a vulnerable role due to a number of factors.

scholarly journals Social Responses to Expressive Suppression: The Role of Personality Judgments

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Allison Mary Tackman ◽  
Sanjay Srivastava
Keyword(s):  
Social Consequences ◽  
Expressive Suppression ◽  
Social Responses ◽  
Expressive Behavior ◽  
Emotional Context ◽  
The Social ◽  
Film Clips ◽  
Personality Judgments ◽  
Behavioral Cue

Why do people who suppress their emotion-expressive behavior have difficulty forming close, supportive relationships? Previous studies have found that suppression disrupts the dynamics of social interactions and existing relationships. We evaluated a complementary hypothesis: that suppression functions as a behavioral cue leading others to form negative personality impressions of suppressors, even at zero-acquaintance. In 2 studies, participants reported personality judgments and other impressions of targets who either suppressed or expressed their emotion-expressive behavior in response to amusing or sad film clips. In findings replicated across studies, targets who suppressed either amusement or sadness were judged as less extraverted, less agreeable, and more interpersonally avoidant and anxious than targets who expressed emotions, and participants were less interested in affiliating with suppressors compared with expressers. Effects were amplified when targets suppressed amusement (compared with sadness) and when participants knew the emotional context (compared with when they did not) and, thus, could form expectations about what emotions targets should be showing. Extraversion and agreeableness judgments mediated the effect of suppression on participants’ disinterest in affiliating. In Study 2, which extended Study 1 in several ways, effects were pronounced for the enthusiasm aspect of extraversion and the compassion aspect of agreeableness. We also found evidence that judgments of suppressors do not simply fall between neutral and fully expressing targets; rather, judgments of suppressors are qualitatively different. We discuss implications for understanding the social consequences of emotion regulation—in particular, how beyond disrupting relationships, suppression may prevent some relationships from even forming in the first place.

Perspective-taking influences autonomic attunement between partners during discussion of conflict

2016 ◽  
Vol 34 (2) ◽  
pp. 139-165 ◽  
Author(s):  
Benjamin W. Nelson ◽  
Sean M. Laurent ◽  
Rosemary Bernstein ◽  
Heidemarie K. Laurent
Keyword(s):  
Conflict Resolution ◽  
Perspective Taking ◽  
Romantic Partners ◽  
Autonomic Nervous System Activity ◽  
Conflict Task ◽  
Female Partners ◽  
Post Conflict ◽  
Nervous System Activity ◽  
Secondary Analyses

This study investigated the effects of dispositional and experimentally induced perspective-taking (PT) on physiological attunement between romantic partners during a conflict resolution task. Young adult couples ( N = 103 dyads) rated their trait PT 1 week prior to participating in a conflict resolution session with their romantic partner. Immediately before the conflict task, participants were given one of the following three instructions: to take their partner’s perspective (PT condition), to approach the conflict mindfully (mindfulness condition), or to focus on their own perspective regarding the conflict (control condition). Participants provided four saliva samples over the course of the laboratory session, and the samples were assayed for alpha-amylase to measure autonomic nervous system activity. Multilevel modeling results revealed that couples in the PT condition displayed greater autonomic attunement over the course of the conflict session compared to those in the other conditions. In addition, female partners’ dispositional PT enhanced the effect of the PT induction on couples’ attunement. Furthermore, secondary analyses provided support for the beneficial role of autonomic attunement. Specifically, attunement was decreased by negative conflict behaviors and predicted increased post-conflict negative affect in females. Implications for dyadic functioning and intervention are discussed.

possibilities of major climatic modification and their implications: Northwest India, a case for study1

1967 ◽  
Vol 48 (3) ◽  
pp. 136-142 ◽  
Author(s):  
Reid A. Bryson ◽  
David A. Baerreis
Keyword(s):  
Social Consequences ◽  
Theoretical Studies ◽  
Field Observations ◽  
Northwestern India ◽  
The Social ◽  
Northern Portion ◽  
Archeological Evidence ◽  
Northwest India ◽  
Local Dust

On the basis of field observations and theoretical studies it is believed that the dense pall of local dust over northwestern India and West Pakistan is a significant factor in the development of subsidence over the desert. Archeological evidence derived from the northern portion of the desert within India suggests a pattern of intermittent occupation with the role of man being important in making the desert. As man has made the desert, so through surface stabilization can he reduce the dust and consequently modify the subsidence and precipitation patterns in the region. The social consequences of such climatic modification are briefly considered.

scholarly journals A general equilibrium analysis of the economic impact of a reduction in harvest levels in British Columbia

1994 ◽  
Vol 70 (4) ◽  
pp. 449-454 ◽  
Author(s):  
Clark S. Binkley ◽  
Michael Percy ◽  
William A. Thompson ◽  
Ilan B. Vertinsky
Keyword(s):  
British Columbia ◽  
General Equilibrium ◽  
Economic Impact ◽  
Forest Products ◽  
Social Consequences ◽  
Equilibrium Analysis ◽  
Costs And Benefits ◽  
Community Stability ◽  
The Social

This paper examines the economic and social consequences of possible reductions in the Annual Allowable Cut (AAC) in the province of British Columbia. Following a review of studies of the role of the forest industry in the economy of British Columbia, a general equilibrium model is presented to examine the economic impact of AAC reduction where prices of forest products are allowed to fluctuate. While the studies reviewed and this study use different methodologies, the conclusion that emerges is robust: the economic impact of AAC reduction is significant and negative. The social costs in terms of unemployment and community stability/survival are even higher. The paper concludes with a set of recommendations intended to ensure that decisions concerning harvesting reflect comprehensively the costs and benefits involved in terms of the timber and non-timber values involved.

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