The mandate and work of ICRP Committee 1 on radiation effects

2018 ◽  
Vol 47 (3-4) ◽  
pp. 83-90
Author(s):  
W. Rühm ◽  
N. Ban ◽  
M. Tirmarche
Keyword(s):  
Radiation Effects ◽  
Population Level ◽  
Organ Damage ◽  
Ionising Radiation ◽  
International Commission ◽  
Radiological Protection ◽  
Developmental Defects ◽  
Beneficial Use ◽  
Task Groups

The aim of the International Commission on Radiological Protection (ICRP) is to protect humans against cancer and other diseases and effects associated with exposure to ionising radiation, and also to protect the environment, without unduly limiting the beneficial use of ionising radiation. As of the second half of 2017, four committees are contributing to the overall mission of ICRP, including Committee 1 (Radiation Effects). The role of Committee 1 includes consideration of the risks and mechanisms of induction of cancer and heritable disease; discussion of the risks, severity, and mechanisms of induction of tissue/organ damage and developmental defects; and review of the effects of ionising radiation on non-human biota at population level. This paper gives an overview of the recent activities of Committee 1, and discusses the focus of its active task groups.

scholarly journals Radiological protection of the patient in veterinary medicine and the role of ICRP

2020 ◽  
Vol 49 (1_suppl) ◽  
pp. 169-181
Author(s):  
R.J. Pentreath ◽  
K.E. Applegate ◽  
K.A. Higley ◽  
K. Peremans ◽  
M. Natsuhori ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Veterinary Medicine ◽  
Diagnostic Imaging ◽  
Radiation Oncology ◽  
Ionising Radiation ◽  
Task Group ◽  
International Commission ◽  
Radiological Protection ◽  
Set Up

At the request of the Main Commission of the International Commission on Radiological Protection (ICRP), Task Group 107 (TG107) was set up to consider the issue of radiological protection of the patient in veterinary medicine. TG107, who authored this article, brought together information relating to the use of diagnostic imaging and radiation oncology in veterinary medicine. A number of specific areas were identified that appeared to be appropriate for attention by ICRP. These included the use of dose quantities and units, the need for re-evaluation of stochastic and deterministic risks from ionising radiation in animals, and the growing use of imaging and therapeutic equipment for animals that is little different from that available to humans. TG107 unanimously recommended that it was both appropriate and timely for ICRP to consider and advise on these issues, and the Main Commission agreed. This paper summarises the findings of TG107.

Experience in implementing ICRP recommendations: IRPA's perspective on the role of the radiation protection professional

2012 ◽  
Vol 41 (3-4) ◽  
pp. 305-312
Author(s):  
K.R. Kase
Keyword(s):  
Radiation Protection ◽  
Ionising Radiation ◽  
International Congress ◽  
International Commission ◽  
Radiological Protection ◽  
International Organisations ◽  
The Future ◽  
International Body

The International Radiation Protection Association (IRPA) has a membership of approximately 17,000 individuals who are members of 48 national societies in 60 countries worldwide. As such, IRPA's vision is to be recognised as the international voice of the radiation protection professional. This article will discuss elements of the outcome of the 12th International Congress of IRPA (‘Focus on the future’), objectives and current activities of IRPA, criteria and priorities for the engagement of IRPA with international organisations, current IRPA initiatives in the areas of radiation protection culture and certification/qualification of radiation protection experts, planning for the 13th International Congress of IRPA, comments on the implementation of recent recommendations of the International Commission on Radiological Protection (ICRP), and suggestions about IRPA and ICRP collaboration in their implementation. IRPA recognises that ICRP is the international body to determine policy and to make recommendations for protection against ionising radiation, and IRPA is in a position to participate in and facilitate the implementation of those recommendations.

Practical Radiation Protection in Healthcare

2015 ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Radiation Protection ◽  
Radiation Effects ◽  
New Technology ◽  
International Commission ◽  
Radiological Protection ◽  
Healthcare Environment ◽  
Practical Guide ◽  
Different Types ◽  
Medical Physicists ◽  
Ionising Radiations

Practical Radiation Protection in Healthcare provides a practical guide for medical physicists and others involved with radiation protection in the healthcare environment. The guidance is based on principles set out in current recommendations of the International Commission for Radiological Protection and methods developed by a variety of professional bodies. Written by practitioners experienced in the field, this practical online reference covers both established techniques and new areas of application. This new edition is fully revised and updated to cover new requirements linked to the increased knowledge of radiation effects, and the development of new technology. Each specialist area is covered in a separate chapter to allow easy reference with individual chapters being assigned to different types of non-ionising radiations. Additionally, tabulated data is included to allow the reader to carry out calculations for situations encountered frequently without reference to further resources.

scholarly journals Scientific legacy of professor Pavel Vasilyevich Ramzaev

2019 ◽  
Vol 12 (2(св)) ◽  
pp. 9-19
Author(s):  
G. G. Onischenko ◽  
I. A. Zvonova ◽  
M. I. Balonov ◽  
V. P. Ramzaev ◽  
V. S. Repin
Keyword(s):  
Radiation Safety ◽  
Radioactive Fallout ◽  
International Commission ◽  
Radiological Protection ◽  
Scientific Legacy ◽  
The Public ◽  
Far North ◽  
Leading Role ◽  
Chernobyl Npp

The article describes the main areas of scientific and administrative activities of professor P.V. Ramzaev during his work in the Research Institute of Radiation Hygiene. In particular, the results of a study of global radioactive fallout in the Far North of the USSR, as well as a study of the radiation situation and an assessment of the doses to the public after the accident at the Chernobyl NPP, are presented in a systematic way. The leading role of P.V. Ramzaev in the development of hygienic regulation and in the development of the theory of health is shown. The activities of P.V. Ramzaev in the International Commission on Radiological Protection are discussed in detail. The role of P.V. Ramzaev in the development of the law «On Radiation Safety of the Population» is shown.

scholarly journals Dialogue as therapy: the role of the expert in the ICRP Dialogues

2021 ◽  
pp. 014664532110337
Author(s):  
M. Takahashi
Keyword(s):  
Science Communication ◽  
Good Practice ◽  
International Commission ◽  
Radiological Protection ◽  
The Public ◽  
Ethnographic Fieldwork ◽  
Fukushima Daiichi ◽  
Understanding Of Science

Science communication is commonly framed as a battle with ignorance and the field of radiological protection is not exempt from this tendency. By correcting deficits in the public’s understanding of science, the expert is often imagined to be able to convince the public of its objective safety (‘anzen’), thereby inspiring a sense of calm (‘anshin’). In the wake of the 2011 Fukushima Daiichi disaster, however, the International Commission on Radiological Protection has sought to break with this tradition by organising a series of participatory seminars in which experts engage those affected by the disaster as equals. Drawing on ethnographic fieldwork, this article suggests that the Dialogue seminars can be best understood using the metaphor of therapy; using it to describe the premise, form, and objectives of the Dialogues with a view to identifying good practice for future radiological protection scenarios.

scholarly journals Challenges for managing the cumulative effective dose for patients

2020 ◽  
Vol 93 (1116) ◽  
pp. 20200814 ◽  
Author(s):  
Eliseo Vano
Keyword(s):  
Effective Dose ◽  
Radiation Effects ◽  
Risk Estimation ◽  
Patient Dose ◽  
International Commission ◽  
Future Research ◽  
Published Data ◽  
Radiological Protection ◽  
Cumulative Effective Dose ◽  
Number Of Patients

Notwithstanding that 100 mSv is not a threshold for radiation effects, cumulative effective dose (CED) for patients of ≥100 mSv derived from recurrent imaging procedures with ionising radiation has been recently the topic of several publications. The International Commission on Radiological Protection has alerted on the problems to use effective dose for risk estimation in individual patients but has accepted to use this quantity for comparison the relative radiation risks between different imaging modalities. A new International Commission on Radiological Protection document on the use of effective dose (including medicine), is in preparation. Recently published data on the number of patients with CED ≥100 mSv ranged from 0.6 to 3.4% in CT and around 4% in interventional radiology. The challenges to manage the existing situation are summarised. The main aspects identified are: 1) New technology with dose reduction techniques. 2) Refinements in the application of the justification and optimisation for these groups of patients. 3) Patient dose management systems with alerts on the cumulative high doses. 4) Education on the proper use of cumulative effective dose for referrers and practitioners including information for patients. 5) Future research programmes in radiation biology and epidemiology may profit the patient dose data from the groups with high cumulative dose values.

Application of the Commission's recommendations: the activities of ICRP Committee 4

2012 ◽  
Vol 41 (3-4) ◽  
pp. 32-44 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jacques Lochard
Keyword(s):  
Radiation Exposure ◽  
Ionising Radiation ◽  
Protection System ◽  
Current Work ◽  
International Commission ◽  
Radiological Protection ◽  
Practical Application ◽  
International Organisations ◽  
Major Point

Committee 4 of the International Commission on Radiological Protection (ICRP) is responsible for developing principles, recommendations, and guidance on the protection of man against radiation exposure; and considering their practical application in all exposure situations. The Committee also acts as a major point of contact between ICRP and other international organisations and professional bodies concerned with protection against ionising radiation. The current work of the Committee involves the development of a series of reports on implementation of the 2007 Recommendations, and a reflection on the ethical foundations of the radiological protection system. Following the accident in Fukushima, Committee 4 also initiated an analysis of management of the consequences of the accident, with the objective of revising, if necessary, the Commission's publications on emergency and post-accident situations.

Radiation Jigsaw: A Different Picture Emerges

2000 ◽  
Vol 11 (2) ◽  
pp. 141-147
Author(s):  
Alice Stewart ◽  
Jill Sutcliffe
Keyword(s):  
Radiation Safety ◽  
Ionising Radiation ◽  
International Commission ◽  
Radiological Protection ◽  
Safety Regulations ◽  
Carcinogenic Effects

After the bombing of Hiroshima and Nagasaki several study populations of A-bomb survivors were assembled for the purpose of studying genetic, teratogenic and carcinogenic effects of ionising radiation. The recommendations made by the International Commission on Radiological Protection have been largely derived from these studies. However, the recent discovery of significant differences between survivors with and without injuries means that it is no longer safe to base radiation safety regulations on these studies.

scholarly journals Engaging health professionals and patients in the medical field: role of radiological protection culture and informed consent practices

2020 ◽  
Vol 55 ◽  
pp. S235-S242 ◽  
Author(s):  
C. Schieber ◽  
C. Pölzl-Viol ◽  
M.-C. Cantone ◽  
N. Železnik ◽  
S. Economides ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Informed Consent ◽  
Health Professionals ◽  
Ionising Radiation ◽  
Medical Professionals ◽  
Practical Implementation ◽  
Radiological Protection ◽  
Medical Procedures ◽  
Medical Exposure ◽  
The Moment

In medical exposure situations, the significant role of and the need to improve the benefit/risk dialogue between health professionals, patients and other stakeholders are well recognized. This paper analyses stakeholder engagement processes in various medical applications of ionising radiation. It addresses the role and potential benefit of radiological protection (RP) culture for health professionals and the issues associated with the practical implementation of informed consent processes. The paper highlights the need to develop RP culture among health professionals to facilitate dialogue between practitioners and patients and to foster the implementation of the principles of radiological protection. It argues that patients’ participation can be enhanced by creating spaces and opportunities for dialogue between patients and the relevant medical professionals, both before the implementation of medical procedures using ionising radiation, particularly at the moment of referral, as well as after these procedures. Risk communication training for medical professionals and their closer collaboration on this topic may enhance the dialogue with patients.

ICRP recommendations for recovery

2021 ◽  
pp. 014664532110068
Author(s):  
M. Kai
Keyword(s):  
Working Conditions ◽  
Nuclear Accident ◽  
International Commission ◽  
Radiological Protection ◽  
Reference Levels ◽  
Informed Decisions

In 2020, the International Commission on Radiological Protection (ICRP) issued Publication 146 which provides a framework of the radiological protection of people and the environment in the case of a large nuclear accident. Mitigation of radiological consequences is achieved using the fundamental principles of justification of decisions and optimisation of protection. These recommendations emphasise the importance of the optimisation of protection for the rehabilitation of living and working conditions in the affected areas during the intermediate and long-term phases. They underline the role of co-operation between the authorities, experts, and the affected population in the co-expertise process to facilitate informed decisions about their own protection. ICRP defines reference levels to be selected within generic bands of exposure considering the induced risk of radiation, as well as the feasibility of controlling the situation.

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