Lorazepam in the Management of Gastro-Intestinal Neuroses

1975 ◽  
Vol 3 (2) ◽  
pp. 134-137 ◽  
Author(s):  
A El Roubi
Keyword(s):  
Side Effects ◽  
Rating Scale ◽  
Psychosomatic Symptoms ◽  
Treatment Assessment ◽  
Objective Evidence ◽  
Pre Treatment ◽  
Hamilton Rating Scale

Thirty-seven patients showing objective evidence of psychosomatic symptoms or gastro-intestinal neuroses, were given lorazepam 1 mg t.i.d. for one week and 3·5 mg/day for two subsequent weeks. Response, measured weekly by the Hamilton Rating Scale for anxiety showed that 23 patients were much improved, 11 were moderately improved and 3 were slightly improved. The improvement between pre-treatment assessment and final rating was significantly different (p > 0·001). Side-effects were mild and transient.

A Controlled Comparison of Simulated and Real ECT

1978 ◽  
Vol 133 (6) ◽  
pp. 514-519 ◽  
Author(s):  
J. Lambourn ◽  
D. Gill
Keyword(s):  
Rating Scale ◽  
Muscle Relaxation ◽  
Control Treatment ◽  
Treatment Procedure ◽  
Double Blind ◽  
Convulsive Therapy ◽  
Pre Treatment ◽  
Controlled Evaluation ◽  
Electro Convulsive Therapy ◽  
Hamilton Rating Scale

SummaryTwo groups of 16 patients with depressive psychosis took part in a controlled evaluation of electro-convulsive therapy (ECT). One group received six brief pulse unilateral shocks under conventional anaesthesia and muscle relaxation; the second group underwent the same procedure without receiving shocks. Outcome was assessed by a separate investigator using the Hamilton Rating Scale for Depression under double-blind conditions. The results showed that this form of ECT was only superior to the control treatment for one item in the scale, a finding which could have occurred by chance. The results suggest that the ECT pre-treatment procedure has an important therapeutic effect. This casts some doubt on current views of the effectiveness of electro-convulsive therapy in general, and of brief pulse unilateral ECT in particular.

scholarly journals Narcolepsy and depression

1997 ◽  
Vol 55 (3A) ◽  
pp. 423-426 ◽  
Author(s):  
Carla Adda ◽  
Beatriz Lefèvre ◽  
Rubens Reimão
Keyword(s):  
Side Effects ◽  
Major Depression ◽  
Depressive Disorder ◽  
Excessive Daytime Sleepiness ◽  
Rating Scale ◽  
Mild Depression ◽  
Psychosocial Impairment ◽  
Chronic Course ◽  
Hamilton Rating Scale

Narcolepsy main symptoms include excessive daytime sleepiness and cataplexy. Its chronic course is accompanied by psychosocial impairment added to the difficulties and side effects of stimulants and tricyclics long term use. Depressive complaints are occasionally reported. The aim of this paper was to evaluate objectively the possibility of depression in a sample of 12 narcoleptics (7F;5 M), with mean age of 53 years (12 years SD), using the Beck Depression Inventory (BDI) and the Hamilton Rating Scale for Depression (HAM-D). The results showed absence of depressive disorder in 75.0% of the cases according to BDI (or 58.3% according to HAM-D). The remaining patients had mild depression (only one patient presented major depression). The findings showed no correlation between narcolepsy and major depression.

Flunarizine in Common Migraine: Italian Cooperative Trial. I. Short-Term Results and Responders' Definition

Cephalalgia ◽  
1985 ◽  
Vol 5 (2_suppl) ◽  
pp. 149-153 ◽  
Author(s):  
Gian Camillo Manzoni ◽  
Giorgio Bono ◽  
Tommaso Sacquegna ◽  
Vincenzo Manna ◽  
Marina Lanfranchi ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Side Effects ◽  
Rating Scale ◽  
Short Term ◽  
The Third ◽  
Cooperative Trial ◽  
Hamilton Rating Scale

In order to assess the effects of flunarizine in long-term prophylaxis of common migraine, 120 subjects (90 female and 30 male) were treated with 10 mg at bedtime and followed-up for two years. The effectiveness of the drug was assessed by investigating the variations of the Headache Index (HI) and of the intake of analgesics. The patients considered responders were those with an at least 60% reduction of the HI compared with the baseline value. To assess side effects, on each follow-up examination the patients were weighed and submitted to the Hamilton Rating Scale for Depression, Toulouse-Pieron test for attention, and arousal test. By the third month of therapy, the average monthly HI had decreased from a baseline value of 16.5 ± 7.0 to 7.5 ± 4.2. Also by the third month, 60 subjects had proved responders and 50 non-responders; 10 had dropped out of the study because of side effects or for other reasons. The only statistically significant differences between responders and non-responders were in the baseline HI, which was higher among responders, and in the baseline intake of analgesics, which was higher in non-responders.

scholarly journals Antidepressant Side Effects in Depression Patients Treated in a Naturalistic Setting: A Study of Bupropion, Moclobemide, Paroxetine, Sertraline, and Venlafaxine

2002 ◽  
Vol 47 (2) ◽  
pp. 174-180 ◽  
Author(s):  
JD Vanderkooy ◽  
Sid ney H Ken nedy ◽  
R Mi chael Bagby
Keyword(s):  
Central Nervous System ◽  
Side Effects ◽  
Side Effect ◽  
Clinical Utility ◽  
Rating Scale ◽  
The Other ◽  
Sexual Side Effects ◽  
Naturalistic Setting ◽  
Accepted Standard ◽  
Hamilton Rating Scale

Objective: There is no commonly accepted standard for comparing antidepressant- induced side effects. This study evaluates a clinician- administered scale, the Toronto Side Effect Scale (TSES), in a natural practice clinic. Method: We used the TSES to assess side effects in 193 depression patients who completed 8 weeks of treatment with either bupropion, mo clobe mide, paroxetine, ser tra line, or venlafaxine. Results: Rates of remission (Hamilton Rating Scale for Depression [HRSD] < 7) did not differ across drugs after 8 weeks of treatment. Paired drug comparisons yielded significant differences in 16 of the 32 side effects. We present differences between pairs of the 5 antidepressants in Central Nervous System (CNS), gastrointestinal (GI), and sexual side effects. A measure of side-effect intensity distinguished paroxetine from the other antidepressants on a measure of sexual dysfunction. Conclusions: These results con firm the clinical utility of the TSES as a simple, clinician-administered antidepressant side-effect scale.

The clinical antidepressant effect of exogenous agmatine is not reversed by parachlorophenylalanine: a pilot study

2013 ◽  
Vol 25 (2) ◽  
pp. 113-118 ◽  
Author(s):  
Baron Shopsin
Keyword(s):  
Side Effects ◽  
Rating Scale ◽  
Antidepressant Effect ◽  
Brief Psychiatric Rating Scale ◽  
Aspartate Receptor ◽  
Gastrointestinal Discomfort ◽  
Psychiatric Rating ◽  
Psychiatric Rating Scale ◽  
Hamilton Rating Scale ◽  
Antidepressant Pharmacotherapy

ObjectivesTo examine and record the clinical antidepressant effect of exogenous agmatine, an amino acid derived central glutamaergic modulator in endogenously depressed subjects. It was also the author's intention to examine the effects of parachlorophenylalanine (PCPA) in therapeutic responders to determine if serotonergic mechanisms mediate agmatine's antidepressant effect.MethodologyExogenous agmatine was ingested in doses of 2‐3mg/day by depressed subjects with Major Depresssive Disorder (MDD), clinically assessed using the 21 item Hamilton Rating Scale for Depression (HAM‐D), the Clinical Global Impression (CGI) and the Brief Psychiatric Rating Scale (BPRS). Antidepressant responders volunteered to concommittantly ingest parachlorophenylalanine (PCPA) at starting doses of 250mg/day, and increased until depressive relapse, mitigating side effects, or a maximum dosage of 1250mg/day.ResultsThree depressed subjects showing total illness remission with exogenous agmatine did not relapse after concomitantly adding PCPA. Effective in relieving both psychomotor agitation and retardation, the antidepressant effect was free of physical or behavioural side effects: gastrointestinal discomfort and loose stools in one subject resolved spontaneously within days. All three subjects refused to risk depressive relapse by temporarily stopping agmatine after PCPA was stopped.ConclusionThe antidepressant effect of exogenous agmatine was documented in a small number of MDD subjects, and was not reversed/modified by PCPA confirming findings in animals that therapeutic response is not mediated by serotonergic mechanisms. A NAMDA (N‐methyl‐D‐aspartate) receptor antagonist, agmatine's recognized function in brain as inhibitory modulator of excitatory glutamatergic transmission suggests a pivotal role for brain glutamate, contributing to the ripening glutamatergic basis of depression, and a rational basis for future antidepressant pharmacotherapy.

A Double-Blind Study of Dothiepin Hydrochloride (Prothiaden) and Amitriptyline in Out-Patients with Masked Depression

1981 ◽  
Vol 9 (2) ◽  
pp. 103-107 ◽  
Author(s):  
L E Dahl ◽  
S J Dencker ◽  
L Lundin
Keyword(s):  
Statistical Analysis ◽  
General Practitioner ◽  
Side Effects ◽  
Statistical Difference ◽  
Rating Scale ◽  
Somatic Complaints ◽  
Double Blind Study ◽  
Double Blind Trial ◽  
Double Blind ◽  
Hamilton Rating Scale

A group of forty patients who presented to their general practitioner with depression or somatic complaints, which were considered to be due to depression, were included in a double-blind trial of dothiepin and amitriptyline. Patient improvement as judged by the Hamilton Rating Scale (HRS) and the Comprehensive Psychopathological Rating Scale (CPRS) indicated that both groups significantly improved over the 6 week period. Only in one comparison, CPRS after 1 week, was there any statistical difference between the groups and in this case dothiepin produced a better response than amitriptyline (p < 0.05). Statistical analysis of side-effects indicated that the frequency and severity of certain individual side-effects, hypotension, tiredness/sleepiness and dry mouth were significantly less with dothiepin than with amitriptyline at Week 1 (p < 0.05). The overall incidence and severity of side-effects was also less with dothiepin at all assessments during the trial.

Effects of Minimal Acupuncture in Children with Infantile Colic – a Prospective, Quasi-Randomised Single Blind Controlled Trial

2008 ◽  
Vol 26 (3) ◽  
pp. 171-182 ◽  
Author(s):  
Marianne Reinthal ◽  
Sven Andersson ◽  
Marianne Gustafsson ◽  
Kaety Plos ◽  
Iréne Lund ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Side Effects ◽  
Rating Scale ◽  
Controlled Trial ◽  
Numeric Rating Scale ◽  
Post Treatment ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Seek Health Care ◽  
Parental Assessment ◽  
The Difference ◽  
Pre Treatment

Background Colic causes crying in 10–30% of infants and is one of the primary reasons parents seek health care. Treatments are generally not totally effective and some cause side effects. In this study we aimed to test the effect of light needling (minimal acupuncture) on crying. Methods Forty children (median six weeks of age) with excessive crying unresponsive to conventional therapies, were recruited from 21 Child Welfare Clinics within an area of western Sweden, and quasi-randomised to control or light needling treatment. Parents were unaware of which group their child was assigned to. Children were given light needling acupuncture on one point (LI4) on both hands for approximately 20 seconds on four occasions, or received the same care except needling. Parental assessment questionnaires were used pre- and post-treatment to assess crying intensity, frequency, duration of crying and pain related behaviour throughout the day in six hour periods. Results Light needling resulted in a significant reduction in the rated crying intensity (assessed by a numeric rating scale, 0 to 10). For example, during the morning time period 0600–1200 hours, the median (range) rated crying intensity changed from 6 (1 to 9) pre-treatment to 2 (0 to 5) post-treatment (P=0.002), in the light needling group. The corresponding ratings for the children in the control group was 6 (0 to 10) and 5 (0 to 10) respectively. The difference between the groups was significant (P=0.016). There were also significant differences between the groups for the afternoon (1200–1800 hours), and evening (1800–midnight) time periods. Pain related behaviour like facial expression, was also significantly less pronounced in the light needling group as compared to the control group post-treatment, (P=0.027). The parents rated the light needling as more effective in improving symptoms than the control group (P<0.001). Conclusion Four treatments with light needling on one point in the hand may alleviate crying and pain related behaviour without any noted side effects.

scholarly journals Knowledge of HIV-AIDS a dominant factor of antiretroviral therapeutic adherence in women with HIV-AIDS

2015 ◽  
Vol 34 (2) ◽  
pp. 129 ◽  
Author(s):  
Surilena Surilena ◽  
Jean Valeria
Keyword(s):  
Logistic Regression ◽  
Side Effects ◽  
Rating Scale ◽  
Dominant Factor ◽  
Art Adherence ◽  
Multivariate Logistic Regression ◽  
Women With Hiv ◽  
Living With Hiv ◽  
Hamilton Rating Scale ◽  
Hiv Aids

<p>Background<br />Antiretroviral therapy adherence (ART adherence) is a factor significantly extending life expectancy of people living with HIV/AIDS. The objective of this study was determine several factors on ART adherence in women infected with HIV/AIDS. <br /><br />Methods<br />A cross-sectional study involving 99 women with HIV/AIDS who were infected through their sexual partner or spouse was conducted in Dharmais Hospital between March and August 2014. The instruments used were demographic and self-esteem questionnaires, Hamilton rating scale for depression, Hamilton rating scale for anxiety, knowledge, perception of ART benefits and limitations, family support, peer support as well as assessment of ART adherence. The knowledge questionnaire has been validated with Cronbach’s alpha = 0.823. Data were analyzed using Chi-Square test and multivariate logistic regression. <br /><br />Results<br />A total of 99 women with HIV/AIDS participated in the study, with an age range of 30- 60 years and mean age of 36 ± 3.72 years. A total of 57.58% of participants showed poor ART adherence. Multivariate logistic regression analysis showed that knowledge, ART side effects, depression, peer support and ARV availability significantly affected ART adherence (p&lt;0.05). The most dominant factor affecting ART adherence was knowledge, with OR = 64.02 (95% CI 4.99-670.12). <br /><br />Conclusion<br />With good knowledge about HIV/AIDS infection, ART benefits, and possible ARV side effects, women living with HIV/AIDS are expected to carry out ART adherence according to the recommended rules.</p>

Oral Integrity Related to Head and Neck Cancer Treatment

2012 ◽  
Vol 21 (1) ◽  
pp. 28-33
Author(s):  
Annette H. May ◽  
E. Danielle Hiner ◽  
Elizabeth Feldman
Keyword(s):  
Head And Neck Cancer ◽  
Side Effects ◽  
Cancer Treatment ◽  
Head And Neck ◽  
Neck Cancer ◽  
Chronic Complications ◽  
Treatment Assessment ◽  
Pre Treatment

Head and neck cancer treatment can result in devastating side effects that diminish quality of life, sometimes for a lifetime. The purpose of this article is to highlight the importance of oral integrity in minimizing side effects to optimize long-term function in patients treated for head and neck cancer. We will present the value of a comprehensive pre-treatment assessment. We will describe the oral complications associated with surgery, radiation, and chemotherapy and offer approaches in management of acute and chronic complications.

Nefazodone and Imipramine in Major Depression: A Placebo-Controlled Trial

1994 ◽  
Vol 164 (6) ◽  
pp. 802-805 ◽  
Author(s):  
Karl Rickels ◽  
Edward Schweizer ◽  
Cathryn Clary ◽  
Ira Fox ◽  
Charles Weise
Keyword(s):  
Side Effects ◽  
Major Depression ◽  
Rating Scale ◽  
Controlled Trial ◽  
Double Blind ◽  
Antidepressant Efficacy ◽  
Drug Treatments ◽  
Drop Outs ◽  
Hamilton Rating Scale ◽  
Better Than

Nefazodone is a phenylpiperazine antidepressant with 5-HT2 antagonism and 5-HT reuptake inhibition. Two hundred and eighty-three out-patients with a diagnosis of DSM–III–R major depression of at least one-month duration (65% ill for over 6 months), and a mean score of 24 on the 17-item Hamilton Rating Scale for Depression (HRSD), were randomised to treatment with nefazodone, imipramine, or placebo. The double-blind treatment period was 8 weeks in duration. Nefazodone's antidepressant efficacy was comparable with imipramine's, with both drug treatments significantly better than placebo in a variety of outcome measures. For example, after 8 weeks of therapy, 78% of nefazodone and 83% of imipramine but only 55% of placebo patients (P < 0.01) were globally much or very much improved. Nefazodone was better tolerated than imipramine, with fewer drop-outs and a lower incidence of side-effects during treatment.

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