Assessing the Incremental Validity of Andrews and Bonta’s “Moderate Four” Predictors of Recidivism Using a Diverse Sample of Offending and Truant Youth

2018 ◽  
Vol 63 (6) ◽  
pp. 854-873
Author(s):  
Jordan Papp ◽  
Christina A. Campbell ◽  
Valerie R. Anderson
Keyword(s):  
Case Management ◽  
Predictive Validity ◽  
Incremental Validity ◽  
Level Of Service ◽  
Big Four

Bonta and Andrews suggest that there are eight factors that predict recidivism among offenders, which they call the “Central Eight.” They split up the Central Eight into the “Big Four” and the “Moderate Four,” with the Big Four hypothesized to be more strongly associated with recidivism than the Moderate Four. The purpose of this study was to assess the incremental validity of the Moderate Four relative to the Big Four as they are measured on the Youth Level of Service/Case Management Inventory (YLS/CMI). The sample comprised 2,436 youth between the ages of 9 and 18 ( M = 14.34) in the formal probation and truancy division from a juvenile county court in the Midwest. Recidivism was measured as a new petition filed against a youth in court within 2 years of a youth’s initial offense. Results indicated that the Moderate Four predictors provided no incremental validity beyond the Big Four but did not reduce the predictive validity of the YLS/CMI.

The Prediction of Youth Recidivism in a Spanish Roma Population by the Youth Level of Service/Case Management Inventory (YLS/CMI)

2021 ◽  
pp. 0306624X2110226
Author(s):  
Aitana Gomis-Pomares ◽  
Lidón Villanueva ◽  
Juan E. Adrián
Keyword(s):  
Case Management ◽  
Predictive Validity ◽  
Assessment Tools ◽  
Risk Scores ◽  
Level Of Service ◽  
Recidivism Rate ◽  
Youth Offenders ◽  
Disparate Impact ◽  
Roma Population ◽  
Risk Assessment Tools

Despite the increasing interest in the accuracy of youth risk assessment tools, the amount of research with ethnic minorities remains relatively modest. For this reason, the main goal of this study was to assess the predictive validity and disparate impact of the Youth Level of Service/Case Management Inventory (YLS/CMI) in a Spanish ethnic minority. The participants consisted of 88 Roma youth offenders and 135 non-Roma youth offenders, aged between 14 and 17 years old. Their risk of recidivism was assessed by means of the YLS/CMI Inventory and their recidivism rate was obtained from the Juvenile Justice Department. Results showed that the Inventory presented slightly lower predictive validity for the Roma group. Moreover, Roma juveniles presented higher risk scores and lower strength scores than non-Roma juveniles. These results supported the idea that professionals must therefore be aware of these cultural differences in predictive validity and the existent potentiality for disparate impact.

An Examination of Changes in LSI-R Scores Over Time: Making the Case for Needs-Based Case Management

2011 ◽  
Vol 38 (6) ◽  
pp. 541-553 ◽  
Author(s):  
Melinda D. Schlager ◽  
Daniel Pacheco
Keyword(s):  
Risk Assessment ◽  
Case Management ◽  
Predictive Validity ◽  
Community Corrections ◽  
Policy Implications ◽  
Assessment Instrument ◽  
Level Of Service ◽  
Change Scores ◽  
Risk Assessment Instrument ◽  
Over Time

The Level of Service Inventory—Revised (LSI-R) is an actuarially derived risk assessment instrument with a demonstrated reputation and record of supportive research. It has shown predictive validity on several offender populations. Although a significant literature has emerged on the validity and use of the LSI-R, no research has specifically examined change scores or the dynamics of reassessment and its importance with respect to case management. Flores, Lowenkamp, Holsinger, and Latessa and Lowenkamp and Bechtel, among others, specifically identify the importance and need to examine LSI-R reassessment scores. The present study uses a sample of parolees ( N = 179) from various community corrections programs that were administered the LSI-R at two different times. Results indicate that both mean composite and subcomponent LSI-R scores statistically significantly decreased between Time 1 and Time 2. The practical, theoretical, and policy implications of these results are discussed.

scholarly journals How to Improve the YLS/CMI? Exploring a Particularly Predictive Combination of Items

2019 ◽  
Vol 64 (9) ◽  
pp. 922-937 ◽  
Author(s):  
Lidón Villanueva ◽  
Miguel Basto-Pereira ◽  
Keren Cuervo
Keyword(s):  
Risk Assessment ◽  
Case Management ◽  
Predictive Validity ◽  
Role Models ◽  
Protective Role ◽  
Psychopathic Traits ◽  
Level Of Service ◽  
Minority Populations ◽  
Youth Offenders ◽  
Criminogenic Needs

Recidivism risk assessment is central to addressing criminogenic needs among youth offenders. To accomplish this, the Youth Level of Service/Case Management Inventory (YLS/CMI) is worldwide used, but it is long and has limited predictive validity for minority populations. This study presents a particularly predictive combination of seven items that overcomes these limitations. A sample of 430 Spanish youth offenders participated in this study. The YLS/CMI long version was filled out and reconvictions were collected over a 2-year period. Results show that this combination of seven items reduced more than 80% of the inventory and improved the predictive validity, globally and for minorities. The items that were included were related to psychopathic traits and the lack of protective role models. Therefore, this specific combination of YLS/CMI items has considerable higher predictive validity across gender and culture, and may be useful to practitioners in this field.

Predictive Validity of the YLS/CMI in a Sample of Spanish Young Offenders of Arab Descent

2019 ◽  
Vol 63 (10) ◽  
pp. 1914-1930 ◽  
Author(s):  
L. Villanueva ◽  
A. Gomis-Pomares ◽  
J. E. Adrián
Keyword(s):  
Case Management ◽  
Cultural Differences ◽  
Predictive Validity ◽  
Level Of Service ◽  
Young Offenders ◽  
Arab Descent

This study was conducted to assess the predictive validity of the Youth Level of Service/Case Management Inventory (YLS/CMI) in young offenders of Arab descent, living in Spain. To address this subject, the Inventory was administered to a sample of Arab minor offenders ( N = 116), and results were compared to a sample of non-Arab minor offenders ( N = 140), who were all aged between 14 and 17 years. The charges filed after the date of the first assessment carried out by the Youth Offending Team were coded during the follow-up period (2012-2017). The Inventory showed a similar predictive validity for both groups. However, the values were always slightly higher in the non-Arab group than in the Arab group. With subtle cultural differences, the YLS/CMI seems to be a risk instrument capable of predicting recidivism among Arab young offenders.

The differential predictive validity of the Youth Level of Service/Case Management Inventory: the role of gender

2016 ◽  
Vol 22 (7) ◽  
pp. 666-677 ◽  
Author(s):  
Valerie R. Anderson ◽  
William S. Davidson ◽  
Ashlee R. Barnes ◽  
Christina A. Campbell ◽  
Jodi L. Petersen ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Case Management ◽  
Predictive Validity ◽  
Level Of Service

Differentiating Predictive Validity and Practical Utility for the Australian Adaptation of the Youth Level of Service/Case Management Inventory

2018 ◽  
Vol 45 (6) ◽  
pp. 820-839 ◽  
Author(s):  
Andrew J. McGrath ◽  
Anthony P. Thompson ◽  
Jane Goodman-Delahunty
Keyword(s):  
Juvenile Offenders ◽  
Case Management ◽  
Predictive Validity ◽  
Risk Scores ◽  
Level Of Service ◽  
Community Based ◽  
Practical Utility ◽  
South Wales ◽  
Case Files ◽  
Ethnic Subgroups

The predictive validity for the Australian Adaptation of the Youth Level of Service/Case Management Inventory was tested in a large sample ( N = 4,401) of community-based juvenile offenders in New South Wales, Australia. First, we compared gender and ethnic subgroups on domain, total scores, and predictive validity. Both similarities and modest differences emerged in mean scores across subgroups. The pattern of predictive validity results showed comparable indices by gender and ethnic subgroups. Second, we supplemented our quantitative method with a review of 26 case files with the lowest risk scores and a 1-year reoffense, and 25 case files with the highest risk scores and no 1-year reoffense. We discuss implications of the findings for improving the predictive validity and practical utility of risk–need assessment with juvenile offenders.

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