Predictive Validity of the YLS/CMI in a Sample of Spanish Young Offenders of Arab Descent

2019 ◽  
Vol 63 (10) ◽  
pp. 1914-1930 ◽  
Author(s):  
L. Villanueva ◽  
A. Gomis-Pomares ◽  
J. E. Adrián
Keyword(s):  
Case Management ◽  
Cultural Differences ◽  
Predictive Validity ◽  
Level Of Service ◽  
Young Offenders ◽  
Arab Descent

This study was conducted to assess the predictive validity of the Youth Level of Service/Case Management Inventory (YLS/CMI) in young offenders of Arab descent, living in Spain. To address this subject, the Inventory was administered to a sample of Arab minor offenders ( N = 116), and results were compared to a sample of non-Arab minor offenders ( N = 140), who were all aged between 14 and 17 years. The charges filed after the date of the first assessment carried out by the Youth Offending Team were coded during the follow-up period (2012-2017). The Inventory showed a similar predictive validity for both groups. However, the values were always slightly higher in the non-Arab group than in the Arab group. With subtle cultural differences, the YLS/CMI seems to be a risk instrument capable of predicting recidivism among Arab young offenders.

The Prediction of Youth Recidivism in a Spanish Roma Population by the Youth Level of Service/Case Management Inventory (YLS/CMI)

2021 ◽  
pp. 0306624X2110226
Author(s):  
Aitana Gomis-Pomares ◽  
Lidón Villanueva ◽  
Juan E. Adrián
Keyword(s):  
Case Management ◽  
Predictive Validity ◽  
Assessment Tools ◽  
Risk Scores ◽  
Level Of Service ◽  
Recidivism Rate ◽  
Youth Offenders ◽  
Disparate Impact ◽  
Roma Population ◽  
Risk Assessment Tools

Despite the increasing interest in the accuracy of youth risk assessment tools, the amount of research with ethnic minorities remains relatively modest. For this reason, the main goal of this study was to assess the predictive validity and disparate impact of the Youth Level of Service/Case Management Inventory (YLS/CMI) in a Spanish ethnic minority. The participants consisted of 88 Roma youth offenders and 135 non-Roma youth offenders, aged between 14 and 17 years old. Their risk of recidivism was assessed by means of the YLS/CMI Inventory and their recidivism rate was obtained from the Juvenile Justice Department. Results showed that the Inventory presented slightly lower predictive validity for the Roma group. Moreover, Roma juveniles presented higher risk scores and lower strength scores than non-Roma juveniles. These results supported the idea that professionals must therefore be aware of these cultural differences in predictive validity and the existent potentiality for disparate impact.

An Examination of Changes in LSI-R Scores Over Time: Making the Case for Needs-Based Case Management

2011 ◽  
Vol 38 (6) ◽  
pp. 541-553 ◽  
Author(s):  
Melinda D. Schlager ◽  
Daniel Pacheco
Keyword(s):  
Risk Assessment ◽  
Case Management ◽  
Predictive Validity ◽  
Community Corrections ◽  
Policy Implications ◽  
Assessment Instrument ◽  
Level Of Service ◽  
Change Scores ◽  
Risk Assessment Instrument ◽  
Over Time

The Level of Service Inventory—Revised (LSI-R) is an actuarially derived risk assessment instrument with a demonstrated reputation and record of supportive research. It has shown predictive validity on several offender populations. Although a significant literature has emerged on the validity and use of the LSI-R, no research has specifically examined change scores or the dynamics of reassessment and its importance with respect to case management. Flores, Lowenkamp, Holsinger, and Latessa and Lowenkamp and Bechtel, among others, specifically identify the importance and need to examine LSI-R reassessment scores. The present study uses a sample of parolees ( N = 179) from various community corrections programs that were administered the LSI-R at two different times. Results indicate that both mean composite and subcomponent LSI-R scores statistically significantly decreased between Time 1 and Time 2. The practical, theoretical, and policy implications of these results are discussed.

Prediction of Youth and Adult Recidivism Among Spanish Juveniles Involved in Serious Offenses

2020 ◽  
Vol 47 (4) ◽  
pp. 399-418 ◽  
Author(s):  
Keren Cuervo ◽  
Lidón Villanueva ◽  
Miguel Basto-Pereira
Keyword(s):  
Young Adult ◽  
Predictive Validity ◽  
Cultural Context ◽  
Cox Regression ◽  
Area Under The Curve ◽  
Level Of Service ◽  
Juvenile Period ◽  
Kaplan Meier ◽  
Juvenile Sample

This study analyzes the predictive validity of the Youth Level of Service/Case Management Inventory (YLS/CMI) for youth and adult recidivism in a Spanish juvenile sample. Participants’ age ranged between 14 and 18.09 years old ( N = 264) and 82% were boys and all had been sentenced to probation and custody centers. Data on juvenile and young adult recidivism were collected for the sample with mean follow-up periods of 13.74 and 20.19 months, respectively. The area under the curve, Kaplan–Meier and Cox regression survival analyses were each conducted to check for predictive validity. The findings demonstrated that the YLS/CMI is able to predict recidivism in both the juvenile period and the emerging adult period in a different cultural context. Prior Offenses and Education/Employment emerged as significant predictors for youth and young adult recidivism. The entire YLS/CMI is therefore an effective tool for risk classification in a different cultural sample.

Assessing the Incremental Validity of Andrews and Bonta’s “Moderate Four” Predictors of Recidivism Using a Diverse Sample of Offending and Truant Youth

2018 ◽  
Vol 63 (6) ◽  
pp. 854-873
Author(s):  
Jordan Papp ◽  
Christina A. Campbell ◽  
Valerie R. Anderson
Keyword(s):  
Case Management ◽  
Predictive Validity ◽  
Incremental Validity ◽  
Level Of Service ◽  
Big Four

Bonta and Andrews suggest that there are eight factors that predict recidivism among offenders, which they call the “Central Eight.” They split up the Central Eight into the “Big Four” and the “Moderate Four,” with the Big Four hypothesized to be more strongly associated with recidivism than the Moderate Four. The purpose of this study was to assess the incremental validity of the Moderate Four relative to the Big Four as they are measured on the Youth Level of Service/Case Management Inventory (YLS/CMI). The sample comprised 2,436 youth between the ages of 9 and 18 ( M = 14.34) in the formal probation and truancy division from a juvenile county court in the Midwest. Recidivism was measured as a new petition filed against a youth in court within 2 years of a youth’s initial offense. Results indicated that the Moderate Four predictors provided no incremental validity beyond the Big Four but did not reduce the predictive validity of the YLS/CMI.

The Impact of Juvenile Educational Measures, Confinement Centers, and Probation on Adult Recidivism

2018 ◽  
Vol 62 (13) ◽  
pp. 4108-4123
Author(s):  
Lidón Villanueva ◽  
Keren Cuervo
Keyword(s):  
Case Management ◽  
Juvenile Court ◽  
Juvenile Detention ◽  
Level Of Service ◽  
Risk Level ◽  
Detention Center ◽  
Risk Levels ◽  
Juvenile Detention Center ◽  
The Impact

This study aimed to examine the impact of the educational measure of confinement in juvenile detention center versus probation, on adult recidivism. Participants were 264 youths with a disciplinary record in the Juvenile Court ( M = 16.5), who were sentenced to custody in a juvenile closed detention center or to probation. The risk levels were assessed using the YLS/CMI Inventory (Youth Level of Service/Case Management). A follow-up period for studying these two groups into adulthood was carried out to register possible adult recidivism. The results showed that probation was more effective in reducing subsequent adult offences than the deprivation of liberty. The variable risk level also appears to be a significant factor, improving the predictive model of adult recidivism.

Predictive Validity of the Young Offender Level of Service Inventory for Criminal Recidivism of Male and Female Young Offenders

1999 ◽  
Vol 84 (3_suppl) ◽  
pp. 1214-1218 ◽  
Author(s):  
Giorgio E. Ilacqua ◽  
Grant E. Coulson ◽  
Diana Lombardo ◽  
Verna Nutbrown
Keyword(s):  
Risk Assessment ◽  
Predictive Validity ◽  
Level Of Service ◽  
Young Offenders ◽  
Recidivism Rate ◽  
Criminal Recidivism ◽  
Young Offender ◽  
Matched Sample ◽  
Male And Female

164 male and female young offenders were given the Young Offender Level of Service Inventory. Scores from this 76-item risk assessment were used to produce a matched sample of 82 female and 82 male young offenders. Sex did not influence the 1-yr. criminal recidivism rate, a result consistent with other findings.

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