Safety and efficacy of rush allergen-specific immunotherapy in Chinese allergic rhinitis patients

The purpose of this prospective, open-IV clinical trial was to assess the safety and efficacy differences between Rush immunotherapy (RIT) and conventional immunotherapy in Chinese allergic rhinitis (AR) patients. The trial involved 174 patients with AR. They were divided into two groups according to their preference of therapy: RIT or conventional immunotherapy. A total of 162 patients completed a 1-year treatment course. For safety and effectiveness evaluation, the local and systemic adverse reactions were recorded throughout the initial phase of both groups. Weeks 0, 2, 5, and 17 were set as observation time points for immunoglobulin G (IgG) and IgG4. Besides that, another observation time point (Week 11) was added in for a visual analog scale (VAS) and a weekly drug dosage scale. In the RIT group, systemic adverse events of AR were similar to those of the conventional therapy group. LTB4 was descended. The VAS of the RIT group did not show a downward trend clearly, instead Week 5 was higher compared with Week 0. The weekly drug dosage scale did not indicate a significant decline, but there was a clear rise in IgG4 in the RIT group. The safety and efficacy of RIT for AR is positive, but further study is needed for improvement.

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COMPARATIVE CHARACTERISTICS OF SAFETY OF SUBLINGUAL AND PARENTERAL IMMUNOTHERAPY METHODS

Periódico Tchê Química ◽

10.52571/ptq.v17.n34.2020.760_p34_pgs_736_744.pdf ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 17 (34) ◽

pp. 736-744

Author(s):

Ulbossyn SALTABAYEVA ◽

Alexei YUMASHEV

Keyword(s):

Adverse Reactions ◽

Specific Immunotherapy ◽

Sublingual Immunotherapy ◽

Scientific Evidence ◽

Adult Population ◽

Pollen Allergy ◽

Hay Fever ◽

Sharp Drop ◽

Allergen Specific Immunotherapy ◽

Good Substitute

Among a significant number of allergies, the most common among children and adults is pollen allergy. Pollen allergies primarily lead to irritation of the nose and eyes, but can also cause headaches, weakness, fatigue, and decreased attention span. In an acute allergic reaction, anaphylactic shock can occur, that is, a lifethreatening sharp drop in blood pressure. These and many other consequences of allergic reactions imply the need to create drugs that could cure a person of allergies or stop the manifestation of allergen reactions. The aim of the article was to study the safety of allergen-specific immunotherapy. The research methods included an analysis of the comparison of the effectiveness of two immunotherapy methods, a comparison of the safety of sublingual and parenteral methods of administering allergic vaccines, a comparative assessment of the safety of types of allergen-specific immunotherapy. The study involved 228 patients with varying severity of hay fever, among whom were children from 5 to 18 years old and an adult population (113 patients were men, 115 were women). The study revealed that sublingual immunotherapy increases the safety of treatment and is a good substitute for parenteral immunotherapy, especially in children. The studies have also confirmed well-known scientific evidence on the safety of sublingual immunotherapy in patients with hay fever. It was concluded that sublingual immunotherapy increases the safety of treatment and is a good substitute for the parenteral allergenspecific immunotherapy method, especially in pediatric patients, while having several advantages, such as a significant reduction in adverse reactions, high potency, and a convenient mode of administration, greater patient commitment and trust in treatment, and the elimination of infection transmission.

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Intralymphatic allergen administration renders specific immunotherapy faster and safer: A randomized controlled trial

Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences ◽

10.1073/pnas.0803725105 ◽

2008 ◽

Vol 105 (46) ◽

pp. 17908-17912 ◽

Cited By ~ 206

Author(s):

Gabriela Senti ◽

Bettina M. Prinz Vavricka ◽

Iris Erdmann ◽

Mella I. Diaz ◽

Richard Markus ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Specific Immunotherapy ◽

Treatment Time ◽

Controlled Trial ◽

Skin Prick Testing ◽

Pollen Extract ◽

Open Label ◽

Allergen Specific Immunotherapy ◽

Safety And Efficacy ◽

Nasal Provocation ◽

Intralymphatic Immunotherapy

The only causative treatment for IgE-mediated allergies is allergen-specific immunotherapy. However, fewer than 5% of allergy patients receive immunotherapy because of its long duration and risk of allergic side effects. We aimed at enhancing s.c. immunotherapy by direct administration of allergen into s.c. lymph nodes. The objective was to evaluate safety and efficacy compared with conventional s.c. immunotherapy. In a monocentric open-label trial, 165 patients with grass pollen-induced rhinoconjunctivitis were randomized to receive either 54 s.c. injections with pollen extract over 3 years [cumulative allergen dose 4,031,540 standardized quality units (SQ-U)] or 3 intralymphatic injections over 2 months (cumulative allergen dose 3,000 SQ-U). Patients were evaluated after 4 months, 1 year, and 3 years by nasal provocation, skin prick testing, IgE measurements, and symptom scores. Three low-dose intralymphatic allergen administrations increased tolerance to nasal provocation with pollen already within 4 months (P < 0.001). Tolerance was long lasting and equivalent to that achievable after standard s.c. immunotherapy (P = 0.291 after 3 years). Intralymphatic immunotherapy ameliorated hay fever symptoms (P < 0.001), reduced skin prick test reactivity (P < 0.001), decreased specific serum IgE (P < 0.001), caused fewer adverse events than s.c. immunotherapy (P = 0.001), enhanced compliance (P < 0.001), and was less painful than venous puncture (P = 0.018). In conclusion, intralymphatic allergen administration enhanced safety and efficacy of immunotherapy and reduced treatment time from 3 years to 8 weeks.

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Effects of allergen-specific immunotherapy on functions of helper and regulatory T cells in patients with seasonal allergic rhinitis

European Cytokine Network ◽

10.1684/ecn.2011.0277 ◽

2011 ◽

Vol 22 (1) ◽

pp. 15-23 ◽

Cited By ~ 10

Author(s):

Cengiz Kirmaz ◽

Ozlem Ozenturk Kirgiz ◽

Papatya Bayrak ◽

Ozge Yilmaz ◽

Seda Vatansever ◽

...

Keyword(s):

T Cells ◽

Allergic Rhinitis ◽

Regulatory T Cells ◽

Seasonal Allergic Rhinitis ◽

Specific Immunotherapy ◽

Allergen Specific Immunotherapy

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Mite-Allergic Rhinitis: How to Evaluate Clinical Efficacy in Allergen-Specific Immunotherapy Trials?

Current Treatment Options in Allergy ◽

10.1007/s40521-014-0040-y ◽

2015 ◽

Vol 2 (1) ◽

pp. 1-9 ◽

Cited By ~ 6

Author(s):

Oliver Pfaar ◽

Roy Gerth van Wijk

Keyword(s):

Allergic Rhinitis ◽

Clinical Efficacy ◽

Specific Immunotherapy ◽

Allergen Specific Immunotherapy

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Allergen Specific Immunotherapy Decreases IL-17 and Increases IL-35 in Allergic Rhinitis Patients

Journal of Allergy and Clinical Immunology ◽

10.1016/j.jaci.2016.12.500 ◽

2017 ◽

Vol 139 (2) ◽

pp. AB152

Author(s):

Waheed Fawzy Hessam

Keyword(s):

Allergic Rhinitis ◽

Specific Immunotherapy ◽

Allergen Specific Immunotherapy

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Long-term effects of allergen-specific subcutaneous immunotherapy for house dust mite induced allergic rhinitis

The Journal of Laryngology & Otology ◽

10.1017/s0022215117002110 ◽

2017 ◽

Vol 131 (11) ◽

pp. 997-1001 ◽

Cited By ~ 5

Author(s):

E Sahin ◽

D Dizdar ◽

M E Dinc ◽

A A Cirik

Keyword(s):

Allergic Rhinitis ◽

House Dust ◽

House Dust Mite ◽

Specific Immunotherapy ◽

Subcutaneous Immunotherapy ◽

Long Term Effects ◽

Allergen Specific Immunotherapy ◽

Dust Mite ◽

Symptom Scores

AbstractBackground:Allergic rhinitis is strongly associated with the presence of house dust mites. This study investigated the long-term effects of allergen-specific immunotherapy. Allergen-specific immunotherapy was applied over three years. The study was based on a 10-year follow up of patients with allergic rhinitis.Methods:The study was conducted between 2001 and 2015. Skin prick test results and symptom scores were evaluated before (26 patients) and after 3 years (20 patients) of allergen-specific immunotherapy (using data from a previously published study), and 10 years after allergen-specific immunotherapy had ended (20 of 26 patients).Results:The symptom scores before allergen-specific immunotherapy were significantly higher than those obtained after 3 years of allergen-specific immunotherapy and 10 years after allergen-specific immunotherapy (p < 0.0175). There were no significant differences between the scores obtained at 3 years and 10 years after allergen-specific immunotherapy (p > 0.0175).Conclusion:Subcutaneous immunotherapy is an effective treatment for house dust mite induced allergic rhinitis.

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