Highly selective sulfonated Poly (arylene ether nitrile) composite membranes containing copper phthalocyanine grafted graphene oxide for direct methanol fuel cell

2021 ◽  
pp. 095400832110394
Author(s):  
Yan Ma ◽  
Kaixu Ren ◽  
Ziqiu Zeng ◽  
Mengna Feng ◽  
Yumin Huang
Keyword(s):  
Graphene Oxide ◽  
Proton Conductivity ◽  
Direct Methanol Fuel Cells ◽  
Copper Phthalocyanine ◽  
Composite Membranes ◽  
Proton Exchange ◽  
Methanol Permeability ◽  
Arylene Ether ◽  
Direct Methanol ◽  
Sulfonated Poly

To improve the performances of sulfonated poly (arylene ether nitrile) (SPEN)–based proton exchange membranes (PEMs) in direct methanol fuel cells (DMFCs), the copper phthalocyanine grafted graphene oxide (CP-GO) was successfully prepared via in situ polymerization and subsequently incorporated into SPEN as filler to fabricate a series of SPEN/CP-GO-X (X represents for the mass ratio of CP-GO) composite membranes. The water absorption, swelling ratio, mechanical properties, proton conductivity, and methanol permeability of the membranes were systematically studied. CP-GO possesses good dispersion and compatibility with SPEN matrix, which is propitious to the formation of strong interfacial interactions with the SPEN, so as to provide more efficient transport channels for proton transfer in the composite membranes and significantly improve the proton conductivity of the membranes. Besides, the strong π–π conjugation interactions between CP-GO and SPEN matrix can make the composite membranes more compact, blocking the methanol transfer in the membranes, and significantly reducing the methanol permeability. Consequently, the SPEN/CP-GO-1 composite membrane displayed outstanding tensile strength (58 MPa at 100% RH and 25°C), excellent proton conductivity (0.178 S cm−1 at 60°C), and superior selectivity (5.552 × 105 S·cm−3·s). This study proposed a new method and strategy for the preparation of high performance PEMs.

scholarly journals Sulfonated poly(arylene ether nitrile)-based composite membranes enhanced with Ca2+ bridged carbon nanotube-graphene oxide networks

2022 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mengna Feng ◽  
Yan Ma ◽  
JiaJia Chang ◽  
Jing Lin ◽  
Ying Xu ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Graphene Oxide ◽  
Proton Conductivity ◽  
Dimensional Stability ◽  
Proton Exchange Membrane ◽  
Three Dimensional ◽  
Composite Membranes ◽  
Proton Exchange ◽  
Dimensional Structure ◽  
Arylene Ether ◽  
Sulfonated Poly

Abstract As the core component of proton exchange membrane fuel cell, proton exchange membranes (PEM) have attracted much attention of researchers. To trade-off the proton conduction, dimensional stability and anti-oxidation ability, graphene oxide (GO) and acidized multi-walled carbon nanotubes (MWCNT) using calcium ion as coordination bridge (GO-Ca2+-MWCNT) was synthesized, and then incorporating into sulfonated poly(arylene ether nitrile) (SPEN) to fabricate SPEN/GO-Ca2+-MWCNT organic-inorganic composite membranes by solution-casting method and explore the influence of varying loading on performances as PEM. It was found that the proton conductivity of the composite membranes was higher than that of SPEN, while maintaining better dimensional stability, excellent anti-oxidation ability and good mechanical properties. All of these were attributed to the formation of three-dimensional structure between GO and MWCNT bridged by Ca2+. Particularly, the SPEN/GO-Ca2+-MWCNT-1 composite membrane exhibited excellent tensile strength of 71.45 MPa, better thermal stability as well as high proton conductivity (0.054 S/cm at 30 ℃, and 0.193 S/cm at 90 ℃), above 10-2 S/cm, satisfying the requirement of fuel cells. All in all, the results indicate that the filler with three-dimensional network structure can effectively improve the performances of SPEN, and the prepared composite membranes show potential applications in many fields.

Effect of sulfonated graphene oxide on the performance enhancement of acid–base composite membranes for direct methanol fuel cells

RSC Advances ◽  
2016 ◽  
Vol 6 (57) ◽  
pp. 51599-51608 ◽  
Author(s):  
S. Neelakandan ◽  
Noel Jacob K ◽  
P. Kanagaraj ◽  
R. M. Sabarathinam ◽  
A. Muthumeenal ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Graphene Oxide ◽  
Performance Enhancement ◽  
Direct Methanol Fuel Cells ◽  
Composite Membranes ◽  
Proton Exchange ◽  
Sulfonated Graphene ◽  
Direct Methanol ◽  
Base Composite ◽  
Solution Casting Method ◽  
Sulfonated Poly

Sulfonated poly(1,4-phenylene ether ether sulfone) (SPEES)/poly(ether imide) (PEI)/sulfonated graphene oxide (SGO) based proton exchange membranes (PEMs) were prepared by a solution casting method.

Development of Inorganic-organic Membranes Consisting of ZrO2·nH2O and Sulfonated-PES for Direct Methanol Fuel Cells

2012 ◽  
Vol 15 (2) ◽  
pp. 83-88 ◽  
Author(s):  
Takayuki Hirashige ◽  
Tomoichi Kamo ◽  
Takao Ishikawa ◽  
Takeyuki Itabashi
Keyword(s):  
Proton Conductivity ◽  
Composite Membrane ◽  
Direct Methanol Fuel Cells ◽  
Composite Membranes ◽  
Methanol Permeability ◽  
Maximum Power Density ◽  
Trade Off ◽  
Direct Methanol ◽  
Methanol Fuel Cells ◽  
Sulfonated Poly

We investigated inorganic-organic membranes consisting of sulfonated-poly(ether sulfone) (S-PES) and ZrO2·nH2O with the aim of improving proton conductivity and blocking methanol. We prepared excellent uniform membranes by the method using ZrOCl28H2O as a precursor. The proton conductivity of the ZrO2·nH2O/S-PES (EW=850) composite membrane with 50wt% ZrO2·nH2O content was about four times higher than that of S-PES (EW=850). On the other hand, the methanol permeability of the ZrO2·nH2O/S-PES (EW=850) composite membrane with 50wt% ZrO2·nH2O content was almost the same as that of S-PES (EW=850). These results mean in the composite membranes, the trade-off relationship between proton conductivity and methanol permeability found in S-PES was improved. The initial I-V performance of an MEA consisting of the ZrO2·nH2O/S-PES (EW=850) composite membrane with 50wt% ZrO2·nH2O content showed a maximum power density of 65 mW cm-2 at 260 mA cm-2.

scholarly journals Constructing Continuous Proton-Conducting Highways within Sulfonated Poly(Arylene Ether Nitrile) Composite Membrane by Incorporating Amino-Sulfo-Bifunctionalized GO

Polymers ◽  
2018 ◽  
Vol 10 (9) ◽  
pp. 1005 ◽  
Author(s):  
Tao Cheng ◽  
Xuechun Zhang ◽  
Yan Ma ◽  
Yumin Huang ◽  
Xiaobo Liu
Keyword(s):  
Proton Conductivity ◽  
Composite Membrane ◽  
High Performance ◽  
Fold Increase ◽  
Composite Membranes ◽  
Proton Exchange ◽  
Methanol Permeability ◽  
Proton Conducting ◽  
Arylene Ether ◽  
Sulfonated Poly

To obtain a proton exchange membrane (PEM) with high proton conductivity and low methanol permeability, a novel amino-sulfo-bifunctionalized GO (NSGO) was synthesized and explored as a filler for sulfonated poly(arylene ether nitrile) (SPEN). The result indicated that the microstructure of composite membranes was rearranged by NSGO and strong acid–base interactions were formed between fillers and the SPEN matrix, affording enhanced thermal, mechanical, and dimensional stabilities. Moreover, it was found that NSGO fillers were uniformly dispersed in the SPEN matrix, generating efficient proton-conducting paths along the SPEN/NSGO interface. Meanwhile, the sulfonic and amino groups of NSGO served as additional proton hopping sites to connect the ionic clusters in the SPEN matrix, creating interconnected and long-range ionic pathways. In such a way, proton-conducting highways with low energy barriers are constructed, which enhance the proton conductivity of the composite membranes via the Grotthuss mechanism. Furthermore, the composite membranes also effectively prevent methanol permeation, and therefore high selectivity (the ratio of proton conductivity and methanol permeability) is endowed. Compared to SPEN membrane, a 3.6-fold increase in selectivity is obtained for the optimal composite membrane. This study will provide a new strategy for the preparation of high-performance PEM.

Synthesis and Characterization of Phosphonated Graphene Oxide and Sulfonated Poly(styrene-isobutylene-styrene) Composite Membranes

MRS Advances ◽  
2018 ◽  
Vol 3 (47-48) ◽  
pp. 2905-2912 ◽  
Author(s):  
Eduardo Ruiz-Colón ◽  
David Suleiman
Keyword(s):  
Graphene Oxide ◽  
Water Absorption ◽  
Direct Methanol Fuel Cells ◽  
Polymer Nanocomposite ◽  
Composite Membranes ◽  
Filler Loading ◽  
Proton Exchange ◽  
Direct Methanol ◽  
Ft Ir ◽  
Sulfonated Poly

AbstractGraphene oxide (GO) and its phosphonated analogue (pGO) have been incorporated into sulfonated poly(styrene-isobutylene-styrene) (SO3H SIBS) to generate membranes with enhanced water retention. The polymer nanocomposite membranes (PNMs) were prepared per SIBS sulfonation level (i.e., 38, 61, and 90 mole %), filler type (i.e., GO and pGO) and filler loading (i.e., 0.1, 0.5 and 1.0 wt.%). FT-IR and TGA confirmed the functionalization and incorporation of the fillers into SO3H SIBS. No significant changes were observed in the thermal stability or FTIR spectra of the PNMs after addition of the fillers. Dissimilar behaviors were observed for the water absorption capabilities (i.e., swelling ratio and water uptake) after incorporation of the fillers. The nanofillers enhanced the water absorption of the sulfonated polymer, possibly due to interconnections between the ionic groups. Therefore, the PNMs could not only potentially function as proton exchange membranes (PEMs) for several applications such as direct methanol fuel cells (DMFCs).

The preparation of novel sulfonated poly(aryl ether ketone sulfone)/TiO2 composite membranes with low methanol permeability for direct methanol fuel cells

2020 ◽  
pp. 095400832095804
Author(s):  
Chengyun Yuan ◽  
Yinghan Wang
Keyword(s):  
Sulfonic Acid ◽  
Direct Methanol Fuel Cells ◽  
Composite Membranes ◽  
Methanol Permeability ◽  
Aryl Ether ◽  
Direct Methanol ◽  
Aryl Ether Ketone ◽  
Ether Ketone ◽  
Sulfonic Acid Groups ◽  
Sulfonated Poly

A sulfonated poly(aryl ether ketone sulfone) (SPAEKS) with locally dense sulfonic acid groups is synthesized and different amounts of TiO2 is doped into SPAEKS matrix to prepare composite membranes (SPAEKS/TiO2-x). SEM shows that TiO2 in the composite membranes has good dispersibility when TiO2 content is not higher than 3%. The composite membranes show good mechanical properties, dimensional stability and oxidative stability. The proton conductivity of composite membranes is near to that of Nafion 117 membrane and methanol permeability of composite membranes is much lower than that of Nafion 117 membrane. Therefore, the proton selectivity of composite membranes is higher than that of Nafion 117 membrane. In particular, proton selectivity of SPAEKS/TiO2-3% (12.8 × 104 S s cm−3) is four times higher than that of Nafion 117 membrane (3.2 × 104 S s cm−3).

Hybrid polymers based on sulfonated polynorbornene with enhanced proton conductivity for direct methanol fuel cells

2012 ◽  
Vol 24 (8) ◽  
pp. 756-764 ◽  
Author(s):  
Rong Zeng ◽  
Shuqin Xiao ◽  
Lie Chen ◽  
Yiwang Chen
Keyword(s):  
Proton Conductivity ◽  
Direct Methanol Fuel Cells ◽  
Sol Gel ◽  
Weight Ratio ◽  
Proton Exchange ◽  
Methanol Permeability ◽  
Relative Humidity Condition ◽  
Conduction Pathway ◽  
Direct Methanol ◽  
Order Of Magnitude

Sulfonated polynorbornene (SPNB) and 3-aminopropyltriethoxysilane (KH550) hybrid cross-linked proton exchange membranes doped with different weight ratio of phosphotungstic acid (PWA) were prepared by a simple sol-gel process. The cross-linked structures led to low methanol permeability and good stability of the nanocomposites. Incorporation of PWA has significantly improved the proton conductivity of the hybrid membrane due to an extra provided conductive proton-conduction pathway to facilitate proton transportation. In particular, the conductivity of SPNB/KH550/PWA25 reached the maximum of 0.02 S.cm−1 at 80°C under the 100% relative humidity condition, and this value is on the same order of magnitude as that of Nafion117. Furthermore, SPNB /KH550/PWA20 owns the lowest proton transport activation energy (8.39 kJ.mol−1).

Synthesis and Characterization of Polystyrene-Poly(arylene ether sulfone)-Polystyrene Triblock Copolymer for Proton Exchange Membrane Applications

2006 ◽  
Vol 6 (11) ◽  
pp. 3594-3598
Author(s):  
Jung-Eun Yang ◽  
Young Taik Hong ◽  
Jae-Suk Lee
Keyword(s):  
Proton Conductivity ◽  
Triblock Copolymer ◽  
Proton Exchange Membrane ◽  
Direct Methanol Fuel Cells ◽  
Condensation Reaction ◽  
Acid Group ◽  
Proton Exchange ◽  
Methanol Permeability ◽  
Arylene Ether ◽  
Exchange Membrane

The polystyrene-poly(arylene ether sulfone)-polystyrene (PS-PAES-PS) coil-semirod-coil triblock copolymer was synthesized by the condensation reaction of PS-COCl and H2N-PAES-NH2 telechelic polymers. The reaction was facile characterized by high yields with a perfect control over the block lengths. Following a known reaction protocol it was possible to selectively sulfonate the PS block of the triblock copolymer that led to the sulfonated copolymer sPS-PAES-sPS. Studies on its proton conductivity and methanol permeability were carried out to evaluate its use as the proton exchange membrane in direct methanol fuel cells. Proton conductivity of the membranes was increased depending on the sulfonic acid group content in the sulfonated polymer. The membranes exhibited good dimensional and thermal stability, and low methanol permeability compared to Nafion 117.

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