Prevalence of Urogenital Chlamydia Trachomatis Infection in El Salvador. II. Gynaecology Outpatients

1992 ◽  
Vol 3 (6) ◽  
pp. 434-436 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ana Berta Cañas Posada ◽  
Jon Jonasson ◽  
Leonor de Linares ◽  
Solgun Bygdeman
Keyword(s):  
Chlamydia Trachomatis ◽  
El Salvador ◽  
Direct Immunofluorescence ◽  
Beta Lactamase ◽  
Gray Zone ◽  
Chlamydia Trachomatis Infection ◽  
San Salvador ◽  
Urogenital Infection ◽  
Healthy Women ◽  
Chlamydial Antigen

The prevalence of urogenital infection caused by Chlamydia trachomatis was examined in 100 non-pregnant women with cervicitis, and 100 healthy women, in San Salvador City, El Salvador. Pharmacia Chlamydia EIA test was used for the detection of chlamydial antigen in urethral and cervical specimens from all the women. Direct immunofluorescence was used for confirmative tests on the EIA positive and the negative gray zone samples. C. trachomatis antigen was detected in 28% of the women with cervicitis compared with 5% in the group of healthy women ( P < 0.001). The cervicitis group were also screened for Neisseria gonorrhoeae which was isolated from 12% of them. One strain out of 12 was beta-lactamase producing (PPNG). Five per cent of the women with cervicitis had simultaneous C. trachomatis and N. gonorrhoeae infections.

Prevalence of Urogenital Chlamydia Trachomatis Infection in El Salvador I. Infection during Pregnancy and Perinatal Transmission

1992 ◽  
Vol 3 (1) ◽  
pp. 33-37 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ana Berta Cañas Posada ◽  
Jon Jonasson ◽  
Leonor de Linares ◽  
Solgun Bygdeman
Keyword(s):  
Chlamydia Trachomatis ◽  
Pregnant Women ◽  
El Salvador ◽  
Chlamydial Infection ◽  
Perinatal Transmission ◽  
Direct Immunofluorescence ◽  
Chlamydia Trachomatis Infection ◽  
San Salvador ◽  
Age Range ◽  
Chlamydial Antigen

One-hundred and twenty-nine pregnant women in labour (age range 15–46 years; median age 23) and 42 infants born to chlamydia-positive mothers (age range 5–15 days; median age 10) were investigated to estimate the prevalence and incidence, respectively, of Chlamydia trachomatis infection in San Salvador, El Salvador. Urethral and cervical samples were obtained from all women and conjunctival specimens were taken from both eyes of each child. The chlamydial antigen was detected with the commercial Pharmacia Chlamydia EIA kit. Direct immunofluorescence (DFA) (Syva MicroTrak) was used for confirmation. In the newborns both EIA and DFA tests on direct preparations from ocular smears were performed on all the samples. The prevalence of chlamydial infection in pregnant women was 44% (57/129). The incidence of chlamydial infection in neonates was 64% (27/42), and the majority of the infected children (56%) had conjunctivitis. Referring to individuals rather than specimens the sensitivity of EIA tests on conjunctival samples from the infants was low (37%) as compared with 91% on urethral and cervical specimens from the pregnant women.

A Comparison of Diagnostic Methods in Adolescent Girls With and Without Symptoms of Chlamydia Urogenital Infection

PEDIATRICS ◽  
1994 ◽  
Vol 93 (3) ◽  
pp. 476-480
Author(s):  
Frank M. Biro ◽  
Shirley F. Reising ◽  
Jeff A. Doughman ◽  
Linda M. Kollar ◽  
Susan L. Rosenthal
Keyword(s):  
Chlamydia Trachomatis ◽  
Clinical Performance ◽  
Dna Probe ◽  
Diagnostic Methods ◽  
Sample Collection ◽  
Chlamydia Trachomatis Infection ◽  
Urogenital Infection ◽  
Urogenital Infections ◽  
Adolescent Clinic ◽  
Asymptomatic Subjects

Objective. To evaluate the clinical utility of various diagnostic tests, two enzyme immunoassays and a chemiluminescent DNA probe were compared with cell culture (with monoclonal antibody confirmation) for the diagnosis of endocervical Chlamydia trachomatis infection. Design. The clinical performance of four diagnostic methods for Chlamydia trachomatis urogenital infections were compared, using specimens generated from consecutive pelvic examinations. Setting. Subjects were recruited from an urban adolescent clinic that provides primary and referral care. Participants. A total of 479 adolescent female subjects were enrolled. The order of sample collection was randomized. Subjects were stratified according to whether they were asymptomatic (n = 228) or symptomatic (n = 251). Measurements and results. Discrepant analysis was performed when culture was negative and nonculture technique was positive. The subject was considered to have chlamydia if culture was positive, or if one or more nonculture techniques, with that test's confirmatory assay, were positive (consensus-positive). Prevalence of chlamydia was 11.0% in the asymptomatic, and 20.7% in the symptomatic, group. Overall, 32.5% of the infected subjects were asymptomatic. Sensitivity of diagnostic methods varied from 52% to 80% in the asymptomatic subjects, compared with 65% to 81% in symptomatic subjects. Culture sensitivity was 75% to 80%. The specificities of all tests were 96% or greater. Accuracy of nonculture methods varied from 89.5% (DNA probe, symptomatic subjects) to 96.9% (enzyme immunoassay asymptomatic subjects). Conclusions. There are significant differences in symptomatic subjects when evaluating accuracy of test outcome, using a consensus-positive criterion. Asymptomatic infections account for nearly one third of adolescent females infected with chlamydia. The prevalence of chlamydia urogenital infections are underestimated by any single diagnostic test, particularly in the asymptomatic patient.

Localization of Chlamydia trachomatis infection by direct immunofluorescence and culture in pelvic inflammatory disease

1986 ◽  
Vol 154 (4) ◽  
pp. 865-873 ◽  
Author(s):  
Nancy B. Kiviat ◽  
Pål Wølner-Hanssen ◽  
Marcia Peterson ◽  
Judy Wasserheit ◽  
Walter E. Stamm ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Chlamydia Trachomatis ◽  
Pelvic Inflammatory Disease ◽  
Inflammatory Disease ◽  
Direct Immunofluorescence ◽  
Chlamydia Trachomatis Infection

scholarly journals The diagnosis of Chlamydia trachomatis cervical infection among students by using classical and molecular methods

2013 ◽  
Vol 141 (3-4) ◽  
pp. 187-191
Author(s):  
Snezana Tomanovic ◽  
Ivan Cukic ◽  
Marija Obradovic ◽  
Nadja Curcic ◽  
Andjela Petrovic-Milinkovic ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Chlamydia Trachomatis ◽  
Sensitivity And Specificity ◽  
Uterine Cervix ◽  
Transmitted Disease ◽  
Molecular Methods ◽  
Nucleic Acid Hybridization ◽  
Direct Immunofluorescence ◽  
Chlamydia Trachomatis Infection ◽  
Molecular Tests ◽  
Outpatient Unit

Introduction. Chlamydia trachomatis is the most common cause of sexually transmitted disease. The possibility of serious complications may be prevented by early detection of the bacteria on the uterine cervix by the application of sensitive and reliable tests such as up-to-date molecular tests. Objective. The aim of the study was the comparison of sensitivity and specificity of three different methods in the diagnosis of Chlamydia trachomatis infection. Methods. The study included 69 female students referred to the gynecological outpatient unit at the Students? Polyclinic for colposcopic examination of the uterine cervix. Cervical Chlamydia trachomatis was diagnosed by using three different methods: direct immunofluorescence (DIF), nucleic acid hybridization assay (hc2), and polymerase chain reaction (PCR). Results. By using DIF Chlamydia trachomatis was identified in four students (5.80%), by using hc2 also in four (5.80%), while by using PCR test in six students (8.70%). Comparative analysis of the obtained results evidenced sensitivity and specificity rates of DIF in comparison to PCR method of 46% and 95%, respectively. Sensitivity and specificity of DIF method in comparison to hc2 was 62% and 97%. Sensitivity and specificity of hc2 method in comparison to PCR was 76% and 100%. Conclusion. Contemporary molecular methods, such as PCR, are methods of choice for the identification of endocervical Chlamydia trachomatis in the population of university students without symptoms of the disease.

Prevalence of Uro-Genital Chlamydia Trachomatis Infection in El Salvador

1993 ◽  
Vol 4 (5) ◽  
pp. 307-307 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ana Berta Cañas Posada ◽  
Jon Jonasson ◽  
Leonor de Linares ◽  
Solgun Bygdeman
Keyword(s):  
Chlamydia Trachomatis ◽  
El Salvador ◽  
Chlamydia Trachomatis Infection
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