scholarly journals Evaluation of density gradient ultracentrifugation serum lipoprotein profiles in healthy dogs and dogs with exocrine pancreatic insufficiency

2018 ◽  
Vol 30 (6) ◽  
pp. 878-886 ◽  
Author(s):  
Tomomi Minamoto ◽  
Joseph C. Parambeth ◽  
Rosemary L. Walzem ◽  
Harold R. Payne ◽  
Jonathan A. Lidbury ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Density Gradient ◽  
Pancreatic Insufficiency ◽  
Serum Lipoprotein ◽  
Exocrine Pancreatic Insufficiency ◽  
Density Gradient Ultracentrifugation ◽  
Disease States ◽  
Transmission Electron ◽  
Healthy Control ◽  
Canine Serum ◽  
Lipoprotein Profiles

Changes in proportions of lipoprotein classes have been described in disease states in humans. In veterinary medicine, hyperlipidemia can cause complications, such as cutaneous xanthomas, liver disease, cholelithiasis, pancreatitis, glomerular disease, lipemia retinalis, or peripheral neuropathy, but there are few reports regarding lipoproteins in diseased animals. For canine serum, we partially validated continuous lipoprotein density profiling (CLPDP), a novel density gradient ultracentrifugation technique. We examined canine lipoproteins separated by CLPDP by transmission electron microscopy (TEM). We compared lipoprotein profiles between healthy control dogs ( n = 29) and dogs with exocrine pancreatic insufficiency (EPI; n = 28) using CLPDP. Dogs with EPI included those untreated (EPI-NT; n = 6) and those treated with enzyme supplementation (EPI-T; n = 22). Our preliminary assay validation showed that CLPDP was repeatable (CV = 11.2%) and reproducible (CV = 10.6%) in canine serum. The diameters of lipoproteins analyzed by TEM were similar to those reported previously. Dogs in the EPI-NT group had more severe dyslipidemia than dogs in the EPI-T group. Dogs in the EPI-T group had lipoprotein profiles similar to healthy control dogs. CLPDP might be a useful tool for evaluating dyslipidemia in dogs.

scholarly journals Serum Lipoprotein Isolation by Isopycnic Density Gradient Ultracentrifugation and its Application to Clinical Investigation

1982 ◽  
Vol 10 (5) ◽  
pp. 921-928
Author(s):  
Takao MAEDA ◽  
Susumu YUKAWA ◽  
Masayoshi NAGAE ◽  
Toshihiko MIYAI ◽  
Masahiro KINOSHITA ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Density Gradient ◽  
Clinical Investigation ◽  
Serum Lipoprotein ◽  
Density Gradient Ultracentrifugation

Altered lipoprotein profiles in cats with hepatic lipidosis

2018 ◽  
Vol 21 (4) ◽  
pp. 363-372 ◽  
Author(s):  
Tomomi Minamoto ◽  
Rosemary L Walzem ◽  
Alexandra J Hamilton ◽  
Steve L Hill ◽  
Harold R Payne ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Serum Cholesterol ◽  
Clinical Chemistry ◽  
Area Under The Curve ◽  
Serum Lipoprotein ◽  
High Density Lipoproteins ◽  
Hepatic Lipidosis ◽  
Single Spin ◽  
Healthy Control ◽  
Specific Fraction ◽  
Lipoprotein Profiles

Objectives The aim of this study was to assess serum lipoprotein profiles using rapid single-spin continuous lipoprotein density profiling (CLPDP) in healthy control cats and cats with hepatic lipidosis (HL). Methods Analysis of serum lipoprotein profiles using the CLPDP was performed in 23 cats with HL and 20 healthy control cats. The area under the curve for each lipoprotein fraction, triglyceride (TG)-rich lipoproteins (TRLs), low-density lipoproteins (LDLs) and high-density lipoproteins (HDLs), was calculated. Serum cholesterol and TG concentrations were measured using a clinical chemistry analyzer. Results Serum cholesterol and TG concentrations were not significantly different between healthy control cats and cats with HL ( P = 0.5075 and P = 0.2541, respectively). LDL content was significantly higher in cats with HL than in healthy control cats ( P = 0.0001), while HDL content was significantly lower in cats with HL than in healthy control cats ( P = 0.0032). TRL content was not significantly different between the two groups ( P = 0.0699). The specific fraction (1.037–1.043 g/ml) within nominal LDL in serum distinguished healthy control cats from cats with HL with a sensitivity of 87% and a specificity of 90%. Conclusions and relevance Serum lipoprotein profiles were altered in cats with HL, even though serum cholesterol and TG concentrations were not significantly different compared with healthy control cats. The CLPDP might be a useful tool for assessing lipid metabolism in cats with HL.

scholarly journals Digestive enzyme replacement relieves growth failure in preterm infants with poor exocrine pancreatic function: a retrospective case series

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Annette Münch ◽  
Christoph Bührer ◽  
Ann Carolin Longardt
Keyword(s):  
Weight Gain ◽  
Preterm Infants ◽  
Digestive Enzyme ◽  
Pancreatic Insufficiency ◽  
Growth Failure ◽  
Exocrine Pancreatic Function ◽  
Exocrine Pancreatic Insufficiency ◽  
Very Preterm Infants ◽  
Enzyme Replacement ◽  
Fecal Pancreatic Elastase

AbstractIn orally fed preterm infants, poor weight gain may be linked to low fecal pancreatic elastase-1 (FPE-1) activity, indicative of exocrine pancreatic insufficiency. The objective of this study was the retrospective assessment of the effect of exogenous digestive enzyme replacement by gavage in preterm infants with growth failure and low FPE-1 (<200 μg/g). We analyzed weight gain relative to baseline and caloric intake during 14-day periods before and after institution of digestive enzyme replacement containing 6000 U lipase and 240 U protease kg−1 d−1. Among 46 of 132 preterm infants < 1250g birth weight surviving to at least 14 days in whom FPE-1 was determined, 38 infants had low FPE-1 (< 200 μg/g), and 33 infants received exogenous digestive enzyme replacement. Average daily weight gain significantly increased from 14.4 [range 2.6–22.4] g kg−1 d−1 to 17.4 [8.4–29.0] g kg−1 d−1 (P = 0.001), as did weight gain per kcal, from 0.08 [0.02–0.13] g kcal−1 d−1 to 0.11 [0.05–0.18] g kcal−1 d−1.Conclusion: In preterm infants with signs and symptoms of exocrine pancreatic insufficiency, exogenous digestive enzyme replacement is associated with improved growth. What is Known:• Very preterm infants on full enteral nutrition may display growth failure linked to transient poor exocrine pancreatic function.• Porcine pancreatic enzymes covered with an acid-resistant coating are too large to pass the internal diameter of most gavage tubes used in very preterm infants.What is New:• Administration of a liquid formulation of acid-resistant microbial digestive enzymes in preterm infants with growth failure and low fecal pancreatic elastase-1 values was associated with improved weight gain.• Response to exogenous digestive enzyme replacement was associated with the prior extent of growth failure.

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