Altered lipoprotein profiles in cats with hepatic lipidosis

2018 ◽  
Vol 21 (4) ◽  
pp. 363-372 ◽  
Author(s):  
Tomomi Minamoto ◽  
Rosemary L Walzem ◽  
Alexandra J Hamilton ◽  
Steve L Hill ◽  
Harold R Payne ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Serum Cholesterol ◽  
Clinical Chemistry ◽  
Area Under The Curve ◽  
Serum Lipoprotein ◽  
High Density Lipoproteins ◽  
Hepatic Lipidosis ◽  
Single Spin ◽  
Healthy Control ◽  
Specific Fraction ◽  
Lipoprotein Profiles

Objectives The aim of this study was to assess serum lipoprotein profiles using rapid single-spin continuous lipoprotein density profiling (CLPDP) in healthy control cats and cats with hepatic lipidosis (HL). Methods Analysis of serum lipoprotein profiles using the CLPDP was performed in 23 cats with HL and 20 healthy control cats. The area under the curve for each lipoprotein fraction, triglyceride (TG)-rich lipoproteins (TRLs), low-density lipoproteins (LDLs) and high-density lipoproteins (HDLs), was calculated. Serum cholesterol and TG concentrations were measured using a clinical chemistry analyzer. Results Serum cholesterol and TG concentrations were not significantly different between healthy control cats and cats with HL ( P = 0.5075 and P = 0.2541, respectively). LDL content was significantly higher in cats with HL than in healthy control cats ( P = 0.0001), while HDL content was significantly lower in cats with HL than in healthy control cats ( P = 0.0032). TRL content was not significantly different between the two groups ( P = 0.0699). The specific fraction (1.037–1.043 g/ml) within nominal LDL in serum distinguished healthy control cats from cats with HL with a sensitivity of 87% and a specificity of 90%. Conclusions and relevance Serum lipoprotein profiles were altered in cats with HL, even though serum cholesterol and TG concentrations were not significantly different compared with healthy control cats. The CLPDP might be a useful tool for assessing lipid metabolism in cats with HL.

scholarly journals Characterization of Serum Lipoprotein Profiles of Healthy, Adult Cats and Idiopathic Feline Hepatic Lipidosis Patients

1998 ◽  
Vol 128 (12) ◽  
pp. 2747S-2750S ◽  
Author(s):  
Helene E. Pazak ◽  
Joseph W. Bartges ◽  
Larry C. Cornelius ◽  
Melissa A. Scott ◽  
Kathy Gross ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Healthy Adult ◽  
Serum Lipoprotein ◽  
Hepatic Lipidosis ◽  
Adult Cats ◽  
Lipoprotein Profiles

scholarly journals Evaluation of density gradient ultracentrifugation serum lipoprotein profiles in healthy dogs and dogs with exocrine pancreatic insufficiency

2018 ◽  
Vol 30 (6) ◽  
pp. 878-886 ◽  
Author(s):  
Tomomi Minamoto ◽  
Joseph C. Parambeth ◽  
Rosemary L. Walzem ◽  
Harold R. Payne ◽  
Jonathan A. Lidbury ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Density Gradient ◽  
Pancreatic Insufficiency ◽  
Serum Lipoprotein ◽  
Exocrine Pancreatic Insufficiency ◽  
Density Gradient Ultracentrifugation ◽  
Disease States ◽  
Transmission Electron ◽  
Healthy Control ◽  
Canine Serum ◽  
Lipoprotein Profiles

Changes in proportions of lipoprotein classes have been described in disease states in humans. In veterinary medicine, hyperlipidemia can cause complications, such as cutaneous xanthomas, liver disease, cholelithiasis, pancreatitis, glomerular disease, lipemia retinalis, or peripheral neuropathy, but there are few reports regarding lipoproteins in diseased animals. For canine serum, we partially validated continuous lipoprotein density profiling (CLPDP), a novel density gradient ultracentrifugation technique. We examined canine lipoproteins separated by CLPDP by transmission electron microscopy (TEM). We compared lipoprotein profiles between healthy control dogs ( n = 29) and dogs with exocrine pancreatic insufficiency (EPI; n = 28) using CLPDP. Dogs with EPI included those untreated (EPI-NT; n = 6) and those treated with enzyme supplementation (EPI-T; n = 22). Our preliminary assay validation showed that CLPDP was repeatable (CV = 11.2%) and reproducible (CV = 10.6%) in canine serum. The diameters of lipoproteins analyzed by TEM were similar to those reported previously. Dogs in the EPI-NT group had more severe dyslipidemia than dogs in the EPI-T group. Dogs in the EPI-T group had lipoprotein profiles similar to healthy control dogs. CLPDP might be a useful tool for evaluating dyslipidemia in dogs.

scholarly journals Characterization of the thrombin generation profile in systemic lupus erythematosus

2017 ◽  
Vol 104 (1) ◽  
pp. 35-41 ◽  
Author(s):  
A Kern ◽  
E Barabás ◽  
A Balog ◽  
Sz Burcsár ◽  
M Kiszelák ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Systemic Lupus Erythematosus ◽  
Lupus Erythematosus ◽  
Thrombin Generation ◽  
Area Under The Curve ◽  
Autoimmune Disorder ◽  
Systemic Lupus ◽  
Time To Peak ◽  
Cat Assay ◽  
Coagulation Tests ◽  
Healthy Control

Systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) is a multisystemic inflammatory autoimmune disorder. Thrombotic events occur at a higher incidence among SLE patients. The investigation of thrombin generation (TG) with calibrated automated thrombogram (CAT) test as a global hemostasis assay is applicable for the overall functional assessment of the hemostasis. The aim of this study was to characterize the hemostatic alterations observed in SLE by CAT assay. In this study, CAT parameters and basic coagulation parameters of SLE patients (n = 22) and healthy control subjects (n = 34) were compared. CAT area under the curve (i.e., endogenous thrombin potential) was lower than normal in SLE (807 vs. 1,159 nM*min, respectively), whereas other CAT parameters (peak, lag time, time to peak, and velocity index) and the basic coagulation tests were within the normal range. The presence of anti-phospholipid antibodies and the applied therapy was not associated with hemostasis parameters in SLE. We concluded that the reported high risk of thrombosis is not related to TG potential.

scholarly journals HEAVY SMOKING

2012 ◽  
Vol 19 (04) ◽  
pp. 433-435
Author(s):  
MUMTAZ ALI SHAIKH ◽  
DUR-E- YAKTA ◽  
DARGAHI SHAIKH
Keyword(s):  
Standard Deviation ◽  
Urban Areas ◽  
Sampling Technique ◽  
Serum Lipoprotein ◽  
High Density Lipoproteins ◽  
Lipid Levels ◽  
Serum Triglycerides ◽  
Heavy Smoking ◽  
Female Ratio ◽  
Heavy Smokers

Objective: This study is conducted to observe the serum lipoprotein alterations in chronic heavy smokers in LUMHS Sindh. Study Design: Analytical study Material and Methods: It was conducted on 60 non obese adult smokers, both sexes, who smoked more than twenty cigarettes or beeries a day regularly for more than five years. All the participants were current smokers. Sampling technique was simple random technique. Setting: The study was conducted in outdoor department of LUMHS Jamshoro/Hyderabad. Period: Jan 2010 to Jan 2011. Eighteen hours fasting blood sample was sent for lipid studies. Lipids studied were serum cholesterol, serum triglycerides, high density lipoproteins and low density lipoproteins. For control values ATP 3 guidelines were used. Statistics: Mean of statistical values was calculated with standard deviation and variance in standard deviation. Results obtained were analyzed by SPSS 11. Results: Age of the patients was 25-70 years. Mean age was 47.81±12.96 years. Median age was 50 years. Male/ female ratio was 45/15. Patients were from both rural and urban areas. Mean duration of smoking was 25.5±9.15 years. The study carried out on 60 chronic heavy smokers, showed deranged lipid levels as: Total cholesterol mean 237.57 mg/dl ±37.89; TG mean 203.76 mg/dl ±47.08; LDL-C mean 158.62 mg/dl ±17.25; HDL-C mean 29.67 mg/dl ±3.12. Results are shown in Table No I. Conclusions: Our study concluded at LUMHS showed that by continuous heavy smoking the serum lipid levels get deranged.

scholarly journals Differentiating combined pulmonary fibrosis and emphysema from pure emphysema: utility of late gadolinium-enhanced MRI

2020 ◽  
Vol 4 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Hannah Fleming ◽  
Simon M. Clifford ◽  
Aoife Haughey ◽  
Roisin MacDermott ◽  
Niall McVeigh ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Pulmonary Fibrosis ◽  
Area Under The Curve ◽  
Resonance Imaging ◽  
High Resolution Computed Tomography ◽  
Antifibrotic Therapy ◽  
Control Subjects ◽  
Receiver Operator Curve Analysis ◽  
Healthy Control ◽  
Traction Bronchiectasis ◽  
Operator Curve

Abstract Background Differentiating combined pulmonary fibrosis with emphysema (CPFE) from pure emphysema can be challenging on high-resolution computed tomography (HRCT). This has antifibrotic therapy implications. Methods Twenty patients with suspected CPFE underwent late gadolinium-enhanced (LGE) thoracic magnetic resonance imaging (LGE-MRI) and HRCT. Data from twelve healthy control subjects from a previous study who underwent thoracic LGE-MRI were included for comparison. Quantitative LGE signal intensity (SI) was retrospectively compared in regions of fibrosis and emphysema in CPFE patients to similar lung regions in controls. Qualitative comparisons for the presence/extent of reticulation, honeycombing, and traction bronchiectasis between LGE-MRI and HRCT were assessed by two readers in consensus. Results There were significant quantitative differences in fibrosis SI compared to emphysema SI in CPFE patients (25.8, IQR 18.4–31.0 versus 5.3, IQR 5.0–8.1, p < 0.001). Significant differences were found between LGE-MRI and HRCT in the extent of reticulation (12.5, IQR 5.0–20.0 versus 25.0, IQR 15.0–26.3, p = 0.038) and honeycombing (5.0, IQR 0.0–10.0 versus 20.0, IQR 10.6–20.0, p = 0.001) but not traction bronchiectasis (10.0, IQR 5–15 versus 15.0, IQR 5–15, p = 0.878). Receiver operator curve analysis of fibrosis SI compared to similarly located regions in control subjects showed an area under the curve of 0.82 (p = 0.002). A SI cutoff of 19 yielded a sensitivity of 75% and specificity of 86% in differentiating fibrosis from similarly located regions in control subjects. Conclusion LGE-MRI can differentiate CPFE from pure emphysema and may be a useful adjunct test to HRCT in patients with suspected CPFE.

Abstract 419: Human ApoB100/CETP Transgenic Mouse is a Useful Animal Model for Evaluation of HDL-C Elevation and Suppression of Atherosclerosis by Peroxisome Proliferator-Activated Receptor Delta Agonist

Circulation ◽  
2008 ◽  
Vol 118 (suppl_18) ◽  
Author(s):  
Noriyuki Naya ◽  
Keita Fukao ◽  
Akemi Nakamura ◽  
Kohji Nomura ◽  
Seijiro Hara ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Term Treatment ◽  
Serum Lipoprotein ◽  
Peroxisome Proliferator ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Peroxisome Proliferator Activated Receptor ◽  
New Class ◽  
Promising Target ◽  
Long Term Treatment ◽  
Apoe Ko Mice ◽  
Lipoprotein Profiles

PPARδ is one of the transcription factors that regulate lipid metabolism. Recently, PPARδ agonists have been reported to induce the elevation of plasma HDL-C levels in obese mice, rhesus monkeys as well as humans, indicating their potentials as a new class of HDL-C raising agent. In addition, anti-atherosclerotic effects of PPARδ agonists were reported in LDLR-KO and ApoE-KO mice. In these mice, however, the lipoprotein profiles are greatly different from those in humans in terms of the deficiency in CETP and ApoB100, and thus the anti-inflammatory effects were regarded as a main anti-atherosclerotic mechanism of PPARδ agonists. It has been reported that human ApoB100/CETP transgenic (hApoB100/CETP-Tg) mice have similar lipoprotein profiles with humans. In this study, we used hApoB100/CETP-Tg mice placed under a western diet for evaluation of GW501516, one of the most potent and selective PPARδ agonists, in order to investigate the linkage between HDL-C elevation and anti-atherosclerotic potency. For evaluation of plasma HDL-C levels, the hApoB100/CETP-Tg mice were orally treated with GW501516 for 1 week and its potency was compared with fenofibrate, a PPARα agonist used in the clinic. For evaluation of the anti-atherosclerotic effect, the mice were orally treated with GW501516 for 18 weeks and atherosclerosis at the aortic valves was determined by cross-sectional lesion analysis. Serum lipoprotein parameters were periodically monitored and lipoprotein profiles were analyzed by FPLC method. Treatment with GW501516 resulted in significant elevation of plasma HDL-C levels with more potency compared to fenofibrate (24% and 15% elevation at 10mg/kg, respectively). Serum apoA-I was also increased by the similar ratio as HDL-C, and the particle size of HDL was not changed, suggesting that the numbers of HDL particle are increased by GW501516. Long term treatment of GW501516 (3 and 10 mg/kg) resulted in dose-dependent suppression of atherosclerosis (42 and 57% inhibition, respectively) with a strong correlation with HDL-C elevation (p<0.001). By using hApoB100/CETP-Tg mice, PPARδ was confirmed as a promising target of anti-atherosclerotic therapy as a new class of HDL-C raising agent.

scholarly journals Laboratory versus daily life gait characteristics in patients with multiple sclerosis, Parkinson’s disease, and matched controls

2020 ◽  
Vol 17 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Vrutangkumar V. Shah ◽  
James McNames ◽  
Martina Mancini ◽  
Patricia Carlson-Kuhta ◽  
Rebecca I. Spain ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Multiple Sclerosis ◽  
Parkinson’S Disease ◽  
Parkinson's Disease ◽  
Neurological Disease ◽  
Inertial Sensors ◽  
Daily Life ◽  
Area Under The Curve ◽  
Gait Characteristics ◽  
Discrete Moment ◽  
Healthy Control

Abstract Background and purpose  Recent findings suggest that a gait assessment at a discrete moment in a clinic or laboratory setting may not reflect functional, everyday mobility. As a step towards better understanding gait during daily life in neurological populations, we compared gait measures that best discriminated people with multiple sclerosis (MS) and people with Parkinson’s Disease (PD) from their respective, age-matched, healthy control subjects (MS-Ctl, PD-Ctl) in laboratory tests versus a week of daily life monitoring. Methods  We recruited 15 people with MS (age mean ± SD: 49 ± 10 years), 16 MS-Ctl (45 ± 11 years), 16 people with idiopathic PD (71 ± 5 years), and 15 PD-Ctl (69 ± 7 years). Subjects wore 3 inertial sensors (one each foot and lower back) in the laboratory followed by 7 days during daily life. Mann–Whitney U test and area under the curve (AUC) compared differences between PD and PD-Ctl, and between MS and MS-Ctl in the laboratory and in daily life. Results  Participants wore sensors for 60–68 h in daily life. Measures that best discriminated gait characteristics in people with MS and PD from their respective control groups were different between the laboratory gait test and a week of daily life. Specifically, the toe-off angle best discriminated MS versus MS-Ctl in the laboratory (AUC [95% CI] = 0.80 [0.63–0.96]) whereas gait speed in daily life (AUC = 0.84 [0.69–1.00]). In contrast, the lumbar coronal range of motion best discriminated PD versus PD-Ctl in the laboratory (AUC = 0.78 [0.59–0.96]) whereas foot-strike angle in daily life (AUC = 0.84 [0.70–0.98]). AUCs were larger in daily life compared to the laboratory. Conclusions Larger AUC for daily life gait measures compared to the laboratory gait measures suggest that daily life monitoring may be more sensitive to impairments from neurological disease, but each neurological disease may require different gait outcome measures.

scholarly journals Total Aβ42/Aβ40 ratio in plasma predicts amyloid-PET status, independent of clinical AD diagnosis

Neurology ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 94 (15) ◽  
pp. e1580-e1591 ◽  
Author(s):  
James D. Doecke ◽  
Virginia Pérez-Grijalba ◽  
Noelia Fandos ◽  
Christopher Fowler ◽  
Victor L. Villemagne ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Area Under The Curve ◽  
Standardized Uptake Value ◽  
Imaging Biomarkers ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Amyloid Pet ◽  
Time Points ◽  
Healthy Control ◽  
Ε4 Allele ◽  
Amyloid Aβ ◽  
Rate Of Failure

ObjectiveTo explore whether the plasma total β-amyloid (Aβ) Aβ42/Aβ40 ratio is a reliable predictor of the amyloid-PET status by exploring the association between these 2 variables in a subset of the Australian Imaging, Biomarkers and Lifestyle (AIBL) study of aging cohort.MethodsTaking plasma samples at 3 separate time points, month 18 (n = 176), month 36 (n = 169), and month 54 (n = 135), we assessed the total Aβ42/Aβ40 ratio in plasma (TP42/40) with regard to neocortical Aβ burden via PET standardized uptake value ratio (SUVR) and investigated both association with Aβ-PET status and correlation (and agreement) with SUVR.ResultsThe TP42/40 plasma ratio was significantly reduced in amyloid-PET–positive participants at all time points (p < 0.0001). Adjusting for covariates age, gender, APOE ε4 allele status, and clinical classification clearly affects the significance, with p values reduced and only comparisons at 54 months retaining significance (p = 0.006). Correlations with SUVR were similar across each time point, with Spearman ρ reaching −0.64 (p < 0.0001). Area under the curve values were highly reproducible over time points, with values ranging from 0.880 at 36 months to 0.913 at 54 months. In assessments of the healthy control group only, the same relationships were found.ConclusionsThe current study demonstrates reproducibility of the plasma assay to discriminate between amyloid-PET positive and negative over 3 time points, which can help to substantially reducing the screening rate of failure for clinical trials targeting preclinical or prodromal disease.Classification of evidenceThis study provides Class II evidence that plasma total Aβ42/Aβ40 ratio is associated with neocortical amyloid burden as measured by PET SUVR.

scholarly journals Serum Lipoprotein (a) on Postoperative Day 3: A Strong Predictor of Portal and/or Splenic Vein Thrombosis in Cirrhotic Patients With Splenectomy

2020 ◽  
Vol 26 ◽  
pp. 107602962091202
Author(s):  
Zhiyong Shi ◽  
Mingxia Zhang ◽  
Xiushan Dong ◽  
Jun Xu
Keyword(s):  
Strong Predictor ◽  
Color Doppler ◽  
Splenic Vein ◽  
Area Under The Curve ◽  
Serum Lipoprotein ◽  
Splenic Vein Thrombosis ◽  
Lipoprotein A ◽  
Vein Thrombosis ◽  
Cirrhotic Patients ◽  
The Impact

Elevated lipoprotein (a) [Lp(a)] is related to the incidence of lower limb deep vein thrombosis and pulmonary embolism. Its role in portal and/or splenic vein thrombosis (PSVT) is not established. A total of 77 consecutive patients who underwent splenectomy for cirrhotic portal hypertension were prospectively studied between 2014 and 2017. The impact of Lp(a) on preoperative day 1 and postoperative days (PODs) 1, 3, 5, 7, and 14 was analyzed. Color Doppler ultrasound examination was performed for the diagnosis of PSVT. The median interval between surgery and postoperative PSVT was 6 days (range: 2-13 days). The levels of Lp(a) were highly increased in patients with PSVT and significant intergroup differences (vs non-PSVT) were found until day 3 and day 5 after operation, respectively. On POD 3, at a threshold of 309.06 mg/L, Lp(a) was a better predictor of PSVT (area under the curve [AUC] = 0.872) compared to the levels on PODs 1, 5, and 7 (AUC = 0.775, 0.796, and 0.791, respectively). The median Lp(a) values peaked at 382.5 mg/L on POD 5 for patients without PSVT. After POD 5, the Lp(a) decreased with values at 347.4 mg/L on POD 7 and 150.7 mg/L on POD 14. For the first time, Lp(a) was shown to be abnormal in patients with PSVT following splenectomy. Monitoring of serum Lp(a) levels on POD 3 might represent a valuable tool to predict early PSVT after splenectomy in cirrhotic patients.

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