Whole-Cell and Acellular Pertussis Vaccines

1994 ◽  
Vol 28 (7-8) ◽  
pp. 925-939 ◽  
Author(s):  
Susan M. Wintermeyer ◽  
Milap C. Nahata ◽  
Kay S. Kyllonen
Keyword(s):  
Pertussis Vaccine ◽  
Adverse Reactions ◽  
Data Extraction ◽  
Cell Vaccine ◽  
Data Synthesis ◽  
Whole Cell ◽  
Medline Search ◽  
The Us ◽  
The Status ◽  
Whole Cell Vaccine

OBJECTIVE: To provide a review of pertussis vaccines, including information on efficacy, adverse reactions, and antibody production following administration of both whole-cell and acellular pertussis vaccines. DATA SOURCES: A MEDLINE search and extensive review of journals was conducted to identify the information for this review. DATA EXTRACTION: Pertinent studies reporting experience with pertussis vaccinations were reviewed. DATA SYNTHESIS: The differences in efficacy, adverse reactions, and antibody responses between whole-cell and acellular pertussis vaccines are emphasized. The status of acellular pertussis vaccination in the US is defined. CONCLUSIONS: Acellular (chemically detoxified or recombinant) pertussis vaccine formulation appears to cause fewer adverse reactions than whole-cell vaccine in most studies. Clinical efficacy and safety in the very young has not been well established. Thus, acellular pertussis vaccine is reserved for the 4th and 5th doses in the US. Oral or intranasal formulations of the pertussis vaccine are being evaluated.

Primary Immunization of Infants With an Acellular Pertussis Vaccine in a Double-Blind Randomized Clinical Trial

PEDIATRICS ◽  
1988 ◽  
Vol 82 (3) ◽  
pp. 293-299
Author(s):  
Margareta Blennow ◽  
Marta Granström ◽  
Eva Jäätmaa ◽  
Patrick Olin
Keyword(s):  
Clinical Trial ◽  
Randomized Clinical Trial ◽  
Pertussis Vaccine ◽  
Acellular Pertussis Vaccine ◽  
Cell Vaccine ◽  
Primary Immunization ◽  
Double Blind ◽  
Whole Cell ◽  
Whole Cell Vaccine ◽  
Acellular Vaccine

The rate of adverse reactions and the immunogenicity of a two-component acellular pertussis vaccine as compared with a plain whole-cell vaccine and a placebo were evaluated for primary immunization in 319 6-month-old infants in a double-blind randomized clinical trial. The acellular vaccine produced few and mild systemic and local reactions. Fever (≥38°C) occurred in 6% to 8% of acellular vaccinees as opposed to 25% to 37% of whole-cell vaccinees. Redness (≥1 cm) appeared in 2% to 13% of the acellular vaccine and 24% to 32% of the whole-cell vaccine recipients. Antibody response to pertussis toxin measured in a neutralization test was obtained in 97% to 100% of the infants receiving either two or three doses of the acellular vaccine as compared to 59% after three doses of whole-cell vaccine.

scholarly journals A Comparison of Pertussis Rates in the Northwest Territories: Pre- and Postacellular Pertussis Vaccine Introduction in Children and Adolescents

2005 ◽  
Vol 16 (5) ◽  
pp. 271-274 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kami Kandola ◽  
Amy Lea ◽  
Wanda White ◽  
Maria Santos
Keyword(s):  
Children And Adolescents ◽  
Northwest Territories ◽  
Pertussis Vaccine ◽  
Substantial Reduction ◽  
Incidence Rates ◽  
Cell Vaccine ◽  
Whole Cell ◽  
Vaccine Introduction ◽  
Whole Cell Vaccine ◽  
The Government

INTRODUCTION: During the past decade, a trend toward increasing cases ofBordetella pertussisin older children and adults has been witnessed in Canada. The National Advisory Committee on Immunization now recommends that the adult formulation of the acellular pertussis (adult dTap) vaccine combined with diphtheria and tetanus toxoids be substituted for diphtheria and tetanus toxoids alone for the 14- to 16-year-old booster dose. In October 2000, the government of the Northwest Territories was one of the first to adopt adult dTap into their territorial immunization program free of charge.OBJECTIVE: To evaluate the effect of the acellular pertussis vaccine in children and adolescents on the epidemiology of pertussis in the Northwest Territories.METHODS: Pertussis is a reportable disease in the Northwest Territories, and data on the incidence rates of pertussis are available from 1989 to 2004. The present study reviews pertussis cases during three four-year periods: the whole-cell vaccine era (1993 to 1996); the preadult dTap era (1997 to 2000); and the postadult dTap era (2001 to 2004).RESULTS: The incidence of pertussis decreased from 18.0 cases per 10,000 population in 1993 to 0.2 cases per 10,000 population in 2004. The number of cases decreased from 186 to 129 to 19 cases in the three chronological time periods (ie, whole-cell vaccine era, preadult dTap era and postadult dTap era, respectively), with the most substantial reduction coming with the introduction of postadult dTap.CONCLUSIONS: There appears to be a decrease in the incidence of pertussis with the targeted introduction of adult dTap in the Northwest Territories.

Dose–Response to a Two-Component Acellular Pertussis Vaccine In Infants and Comparison with Whole-cell Vaccine

Biologicals ◽  
1998 ◽  
Vol 26 (2) ◽  
pp. 145-153 ◽  
Author(s):  
Barry S Auerbach ◽  
Alan M Lake ◽  
Modena E Wilson ◽  
Field F Willingham ◽  
Jon Shematek ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Pertussis Vaccine ◽  
Dose Response ◽  
Acellular Pertussis Vaccine ◽  
Cell Vaccine ◽  
Whole Cell ◽  
Two Component ◽  
Whole Cell Vaccine

scholarly journals Antibody Responses to Bordetella pertussis Fim2 or Fim3 following Immunization with a Whole-Cell, Two-Component, or Five-Component Acellular Pertussis Vaccine and following Pertussis Disease in Children in Sweden in 1997 and 2007

2013 ◽  
Vol 21 (2) ◽  
pp. 165-173 ◽  
Author(s):  
Hans Hallander ◽  
Abdolreza Advani ◽  
Frances Alexander ◽  
Lennart Gustafsson ◽  
Margaretha Ljungman ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Pertussis Vaccine ◽  
Bordetella Pertussis ◽  
Geometric Mean ◽  
Acellular Pertussis Vaccine ◽  
Antibody Responses ◽  
Cell Vaccine ◽  
Whole Cell ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Two Component ◽  
Whole Cell Vaccine

ABSTRACTBordetella pertussisfimbriae (Fim2 and Fim3) are components of a five-component acellular pertussis vaccine (diphtheria–tetanus–acellular pertussis vaccine [DTaP5]), and antibody responses to fimbriae have been associated with protection. We analyzed the IgG responses to individual Fim2 and Fim3 in sera remaining from a Swedish placebo-controlled efficacy trial that compared a whole-cell vaccine (diphtheria-tetanus-whole-cell pertussis vaccine [DTwP]), a two-component acellular pertussis vaccine (DTaP2), and DTaP5. One month following three doses of the Fim-containing vaccines (DTwP or DTaP5), anti-Fim2 geometric mean IgG concentrations were higher than those for anti-Fim3, with a greater anti-Fim2/anti-Fim3 IgG ratio elicited by DTaP5. We also determined the responses in vaccinated children following an episode of pertussis. Those who received DTaP5 showed a large rise in anti-Fim2 IgG, reflecting the predominant Fim2 serotype at the time. In contrast, those who received DTwP showed an equal rise in anti-Fim2 and anti-Fim3 IgG concentrations, indicating that DTwP may provide a more efficient priming effect for a Fim3 response following contact withB. pertussis. Anti-Fim2 and anti-Fim3 IgG concentrations were also determined in samples from two seroprevalence studies conducted in Sweden in 1997, when no pertussis vaccine was used and Fim2 isolates predominated, and in 2007, when either DTaP2 or DTaP3 without fimbriae was used and Fim3 isolates predominated. Very similar distributions of anti-Fim2 and anti-Fim3 IgG concentrations were obtained in 1997 and 2007, except that anti-Fim3 concentrations in 1997 were lower. This observation, together with the numbers of individuals with both anti-Fim2 and anti-Fim3 IgG concentrations, strongly suggests thatB. pertussisexpresses both Fim2 and Fim3 during infection.

Effectiveness of a single dose of acellular pertussis vaccine to prevent pertussis in children primed with pertussis whole cell vaccine

Vaccine ◽  
2001 ◽  
Vol 19 (20-22) ◽  
pp. 3004-3008 ◽  
Author(s):  
Gaston De Serres ◽  
Ramak Shadmani ◽  
Nicole Boulianne ◽  
Bernard Duval ◽  
Louis Rochette ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Single Dose ◽  
Pertussis Vaccine ◽  
Acellular Pertussis Vaccine ◽  
Cell Vaccine ◽  
Whole Cell ◽  
Whole Cell Vaccine

scholarly journals Marked decline in pertussis followed reintroduction of pertussis vaccination in Sweden

1999 ◽  
Vol 4 (12) ◽  
pp. 128-129 ◽  
Author(s):  
P Olin ◽  
H O Hallander
Keyword(s):  
Pertussis Vaccine ◽  
Vaccination Programme ◽  
Acellular Pertussis Vaccine ◽  
Cell Vaccine ◽  
Whole Cell ◽  
Whole Cell Vaccine ◽  
Marked Decline

Immunisation against pertussis with an acellular pertussis vaccine for children at 3, 5, and 12 months was included in the Swedish vaccination programme in January 1996, 17 years after the withdrawal of whole cell vaccine in 1979. Within months coverage r

Comparison of 13 Acellular Pertussis Vaccines: Adverse Reactions

PEDIATRICS ◽  
1995 ◽  
Vol 96 (3) ◽  
pp. 557-566
Author(s):  
Michael D. Decker ◽  
Kathryn M. Edwards ◽  
Mark C. Steinhoff ◽  
Margaret B. Rennels ◽  
Michael E. Pichichero ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Adverse Reactions ◽  
Cell Vaccine ◽  
Whole Cell ◽  
The Third ◽  
Efficacy Trials ◽  
Healthy Infants ◽  
Long Term Follow Up ◽  
Whole Cell Vaccine ◽  
Acellular Vaccines

Objective. To compare the reactogenicity of a licensed conventional whole-cell (WCL) and 13 acellular pertussis vaccines that differed in the source, manufacture, and quantity of included antigens; all vaccines included diphtheria and tetanus toxoids. Methods. Healthy infants were enrolled through six university-based vaccine and treatment evaluation units and were randomized to receive one of the study vaccines at 2, 4, and 6 months of age. Parents recorded the occurrence of fever, redness, swelling, pain, fussiness, drowsiness, anorexia, and use of antipyretics for 2 weeks after each inoculation; nurses interviewed parents on the third day and at each succeeding visit; long-term follow-up information was collected from parents and medical records 1 year after the third immunization. Results. Of 2200 vaccinated infants, 2189 contributed reaction data after 6375 vaccinations. For every acellular vaccine, every monitored reaction except vomiting occurred at a significantly lower frequency and severity than was seen with WCL. The groups receiving acellular pertussis vaccines differed significantly with respect to redness, swelling, pain, and vomiting, but not with respect to fussiness, antipyretic use, drowsiness, or anorexia. Conclusion. Although there were differences among the acellular vaccines, none was consistently the most or least reactogenic; all were associated with substantially fewer and less severe adverse reactions than a standard commercial whole-cell vaccine. Selection of acellular vaccines for further development and for introduction into efficacy trials can give priority to assessments of immunogenicity and purity, with comparative reactogenicity a secondary consideration.

Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document